sender

tokenId

owner

ERC721IncorrectOwner

operator

ERC721InsufficientApproval

approver

ERC721InvalidApprover

ERC721InvalidOperator

ERC721InvalidOwner

receiver

ERC721InvalidReceiver

ERC721InvalidSender

ERC721NonexistentToken

approved

Approval

ApprovalForAll

from

Transfer

approve

balanceOf

getApproved

isApprovedForAll

name

ownerOf

safeTransferFrom

data

setApprovalForAll

interfaceId

supportsInterface

symbol

tokenURI

transferFrom

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC721/ERC721.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC721} from "./IERC721.sol";
import {IERC721Receiver} from "./IERC721Receiver.sol";
import {IERC721Metadata} from "./extensions/IERC721Metadata.sol";
import {Context} from "../../utils/Context.sol";
import {Strings} from "../../utils/Strings.sol";
import {IERC165, ERC165} from "../../utils/introspection/ERC165.sol";
import {IERC721Errors} from "../../interfaces/draft-IERC6093.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721[ERC721] Non-Fungible Token Standard, including
 * the Metadata extension, but not including the Enumerable extension, which is available separately as
 * {ERC721Enumerable}.
 */
abstract contract ERC721 is Context, ERC165, IERC721, IERC721Metadata, IERC721Errors {
    using Strings for uint256;

    // Token name
    string private _name;

    // Token symbol
    string private _symbol;

    mapping(uint256 tokenId => address) private _owners;

    mapping(address owner => uint256) private _balances;

    mapping(uint256 tokenId => address) private _tokenApprovals;

    mapping(address owner => mapping(address operator => bool)) private _operatorApprovals;

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract by setting a `name` and a `symbol` to the token collection.
     */
    constructor(string memory name_, string memory symbol_) {
        _name = name_;
        _symbol = symbol_;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override(ERC165, IERC165) returns (bool) {
        return
            interfaceId == type(IERC721).interfaceId ||
            interfaceId == type(IERC721Metadata).interfaceId ||
            super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-balanceOf}.
     */
    function balanceOf(address owner) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        if (owner == address(0)) {
            revert ERC721InvalidOwner(address(0));
        }
        return _balances[owner];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-ownerOf}.
     */
    function ownerOf(uint256 tokenId) public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _requireOwned(tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721Metadata-name}.
     */
    function name() public view virtual returns (string memory) {
        return _name;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721Metadata-symbol}.
     */
    function symbol() public view virtual returns (string memory) {
        return _symbol;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721Metadata-tokenURI}.
     */
    function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId) public view virtual returns (string memory) {
        _requireOwned(tokenId);

        string memory baseURI = _baseURI();
        return bytes(baseURI).length > 0 ? string.concat(baseURI, tokenId.toString()) : "";
    }

    /**
     * @dev Base URI for computing {tokenURI}. If set, the resulting URI for each
     * token will be the concatenation of the `baseURI` and the `tokenId`. Empty
     * by default, can be overridden in child contracts.
     */
    function _baseURI() internal view virtual returns (string memory) {
        return "";
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-approve}.
     */
    function approve(address to, uint256 tokenId) public virtual {
        _approve(to, tokenId, _msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-getApproved}.
     */
    function getApproved(uint256 tokenId) public view virtual returns (address) {
        _requireOwned(tokenId);

        return _getApproved(tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-setApprovalForAll}.
     */
    function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool approved) public virtual {
        _setApprovalForAll(_msgSender(), operator, approved);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-isApprovedForAll}.
     */
    function isApprovedForAll(address owner, address operator) public view virtual returns (bool) {
        return _operatorApprovals[owner][operator];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-transferFrom}.
     */
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) public virtual {
        if (to == address(0)) {
            revert ERC721InvalidReceiver(address(0));
        }
        // Setting an "auth" arguments enables the `_isAuthorized` check which verifies that the token exists
        // (from != 0). Therefore, it is not needed to verify that the return value is not 0 here.
        address previousOwner = _update(to, tokenId, _msgSender());
        if (previousOwner != from) {
            revert ERC721IncorrectOwner(from, tokenId, previousOwner);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-safeTransferFrom}.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) public {
        safeTransferFrom(from, to, tokenId, "");
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC721-safeTransferFrom}.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId, bytes memory data) public virtual {
        transferFrom(from, to, tokenId);
        _checkOnERC721Received(from, to, tokenId, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the owner of the `tokenId`. Does NOT revert if token doesn't exist
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Any overrides to this function that add ownership of tokens not tracked by the
     * core ERC721 logic MUST be matched with the use of {_increaseBalance} to keep balances
     * consistent with ownership. The invariant to preserve is that for any address `a` the value returned by
     * `balanceOf(a)` must be equal to the number of tokens such that `_ownerOf(tokenId)` is `a`.
     */
    function _ownerOf(uint256 tokenId) internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return _owners[tokenId];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the approved address for `tokenId`. Returns 0 if `tokenId` is not minted.
     */
    function _getApproved(uint256 tokenId) internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return _tokenApprovals[tokenId];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether `spender` is allowed to manage `owner`'s tokens, or `tokenId` in
     * particular (ignoring whether it is owned by `owner`).
     *
     * WARNING: This function assumes that `owner` is the actual owner of `tokenId` and does not verify this
     * assumption.
     */
    function _isAuthorized(address owner, address spender, uint256 tokenId) internal view virtual returns (bool) {
        return
            spender != address(0) &&
            (owner == spender || isApprovedForAll(owner, spender) || _getApproved(tokenId) == spender);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Checks if `spender` can operate on `tokenId`, assuming the provided `owner` is the actual owner.
     * Reverts if `spender` does not have approval from the provided `owner` for the given token or for all its assets
     * the `spender` for the specific `tokenId`.
     *
     * WARNING: This function assumes that `owner` is the actual owner of `tokenId` and does not verify this
     * assumption.
     */
    function _checkAuthorized(address owner, address spender, uint256 tokenId) internal view virtual {
        if (!_isAuthorized(owner, spender, tokenId)) {
            if (owner == address(0)) {
                revert ERC721NonexistentToken(tokenId);
            } else {
                revert ERC721InsufficientApproval(spender, tokenId);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Unsafe write access to the balances, used by extensions that "mint" tokens using an {ownerOf} override.
     *
     * NOTE: the value is limited to type(uint128).max. This protect against _balance overflow. It is unrealistic that
     * a uint256 would ever overflow from increments when these increments are bounded to uint128 values.
     *
     * WARNING: Increasing an account's balance using this function tends to be paired with an override of the
     * {_ownerOf} function to resolve the ownership of the corresponding tokens so that balances and ownership
     * remain consistent with one another.
     */
    function _increaseBalance(address account, uint128 value) internal virtual {
        unchecked {
            _balances[account] += value;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers `tokenId` from its current owner to `to`, or alternatively mints (or burns) if the current owner
     * (or `to`) is the zero address. Returns the owner of the `tokenId` before the update.
     *
     * The `auth` argument is optional. If the value passed is non 0, then this function will check that
     * `auth` is either the owner of the token, or approved to operate on the token (by the owner).
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     *
     * NOTE: If overriding this function in a way that tracks balances, see also {_increaseBalance}.
     */
    function _update(address to, uint256 tokenId, address auth) internal virtual returns (address) {
        address from = _ownerOf(tokenId);

        // Perform (optional) operator check
        if (auth != address(0)) {
            _checkAuthorized(from, auth, tokenId);
        }

        // Execute the update
        if (from != address(0)) {
            // Clear approval. No need to re-authorize or emit the Approval event
            _approve(address(0), tokenId, address(0), false);

            unchecked {
                _balances[from] -= 1;
            }
        }

        if (to != address(0)) {
            unchecked {
                _balances[to] += 1;
            }
        }

        _owners[tokenId] = to;

        emit Transfer(from, to, tokenId);

        return from;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Mints `tokenId` and transfers it to `to`.
     *
     * WARNING: Usage of this method is discouraged, use {_safeMint} whenever possible
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `tokenId` must not exist.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function _mint(address to, uint256 tokenId) internal {
        if (to == address(0)) {
            revert ERC721InvalidReceiver(address(0));
        }
        address previousOwner = _update(to, tokenId, address(0));
        if (previousOwner != address(0)) {
            revert ERC721InvalidSender(address(0));
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Mints `tokenId`, transfers it to `to` and checks for `to` acceptance.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `tokenId` must not exist.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function _safeMint(address to, uint256 tokenId) internal {
        _safeMint(to, tokenId, "");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-ERC721-_safeMint-address-uint256-}[`_safeMint`], with an additional `data` parameter which is
     * forwarded in {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received} to contract recipients.
     */
    function _safeMint(address to, uint256 tokenId, bytes memory data) internal virtual {
        _mint(to, tokenId);
        _checkOnERC721Received(address(0), to, tokenId, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Destroys `tokenId`.
     * The approval is cleared when the token is burned.
     * This is an internal function that does not check if the sender is authorized to operate on the token.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `tokenId` must exist.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function _burn(uint256 tokenId) internal {
        address previousOwner = _update(address(0), tokenId, address(0));
        if (previousOwner == address(0)) {
            revert ERC721NonexistentToken(tokenId);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers `tokenId` from `from` to `to`.
     *  As opposed to {transferFrom}, this imposes no restrictions on msg.sender.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `tokenId` token must be owned by `from`.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function _transfer(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) internal {
        if (to == address(0)) {
            revert ERC721InvalidReceiver(address(0));
        }
        address previousOwner = _update(to, tokenId, address(0));
        if (previousOwner == address(0)) {
            revert ERC721NonexistentToken(tokenId);
        } else if (previousOwner != from) {
            revert ERC721IncorrectOwner(from, tokenId, previousOwner);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Safely transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`, checking that contract recipients
     * are aware of the ERC721 standard to prevent tokens from being forever locked.
     *
     * `data` is additional data, it has no specified format and it is sent in call to `to`.
     *
     * This internal function is like {safeTransferFrom} in the sense that it invokes
     * {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received} on the receiver, and can be used to e.g.
     * implement alternative mechanisms to perform token transfer, such as signature-based.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `tokenId` token must exist and be owned by `from`.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function _safeTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) internal {
        _safeTransfer(from, to, tokenId, "");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-ERC721-_safeTransfer-address-address-uint256-}[`_safeTransfer`], with an additional `data` parameter which is
     * forwarded in {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received} to contract recipients.
     */
    function _safeTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId, bytes memory data) internal virtual {
        _transfer(from, to, tokenId);
        _checkOnERC721Received(from, to, tokenId, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Approve `to` to operate on `tokenId`
     *
     * The `auth` argument is optional. If the value passed is non 0, then this function will check that `auth` is
     * either the owner of the token, or approved to operate on all tokens held by this owner.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     *
     * Overrides to this logic should be done to the variant with an additional `bool emitEvent` argument.
     */
    function _approve(address to, uint256 tokenId, address auth) internal {
        _approve(to, tokenId, auth, true);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Variant of `_approve` with an optional flag to enable or disable the {Approval} event. The event is not
     * emitted in the context of transfers.
     */
    function _approve(address to, uint256 tokenId, address auth, bool emitEvent) internal virtual {
        // Avoid reading the owner unless necessary
        if (emitEvent || auth != address(0)) {
            address owner = _requireOwned(tokenId);

            // We do not use _isAuthorized because single-token approvals should not be able to call approve
            if (auth != address(0) && owner != auth && !isApprovedForAll(owner, auth)) {
                revert ERC721InvalidApprover(auth);
            }

            if (emitEvent) {
                emit Approval(owner, to, tokenId);
            }
        }

        _tokenApprovals[tokenId] = to;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Approve `operator` to operate on all of `owner` tokens
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - operator can't be the address zero.
     *
     * Emits an {ApprovalForAll} event.
     */
    function _setApprovalForAll(address owner, address operator, bool approved) internal virtual {
        if (operator == address(0)) {
            revert ERC721InvalidOperator(operator);
        }
        _operatorApprovals[owner][operator] = approved;
        emit ApprovalForAll(owner, operator, approved);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Reverts if the `tokenId` doesn't have a current owner (it hasn't been minted, or it has been burned).
     * Returns the owner.
     *
     * Overrides to ownership logic should be done to {_ownerOf}.
     */
    function _requireOwned(uint256 tokenId) internal view returns (address) {
        address owner = _ownerOf(tokenId);
        if (owner == address(0)) {
            revert ERC721NonexistentToken(tokenId);
        }
        return owner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Private function to invoke {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received} on a target address. This will revert if the
     * recipient doesn't accept the token transfer. The call is not executed if the target address is not a contract.
     *
     * @param from address representing the previous owner of the given token ID
     * @param to target address that will receive the tokens
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
     * @param data bytes optional data to send along with the call
     */
    function _checkOnERC721Received(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId, bytes memory data) private {
        if (to.code.length > 0) {
            try IERC721Receiver(to).onERC721Received(_msgSender(), from, tokenId, data) returns (bytes4 retval) {
                if (retval != IERC721Receiver.onERC721Received.selector) {
                    revert ERC721InvalidReceiver(to);
                }
            } catch (bytes memory reason) {
                if (reason.length == 0) {
                    revert ERC721InvalidReceiver(to);
                } else {
                    /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                    assembly {
                        revert(add(32, reason), mload(reason))
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}


This contract implements the ERC721 standard for non-fungible tokens (NFTs). It allows users to create, own, transfer, and manage unique tokens. The contract includes functions for minting tokens, transferring ownership, checking balances, and managing approvals. It also provides metadata functions for retrieving token names, symbols, and URIs.

balance

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC721/IERC721.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC165} from "../../utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Required interface of an ERC721 compliant contract.
 */
interface IERC721 is IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `tokenId` token is transferred from `from` to `to`.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 indexed tokenId);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `owner` enables `approved` to manage the `tokenId` token.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed approved, uint256 indexed tokenId);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `owner` enables or disables (`approved`) `operator` to manage all of its assets.
     */
    event ApprovalForAll(address indexed owner, address indexed operator, bool approved);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of tokens in ``owner``'s account.
     */
    function balanceOf(address owner) external view returns (uint256 balance);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the owner of the `tokenId` token.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `tokenId` must exist.
     */
    function ownerOf(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (address owner);

    /**
     * @dev Safely transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `tokenId` token must exist and be owned by `from`.
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be approved to move this token by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon
     *   a safe transfer.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId, bytes calldata data) external;

    /**
     * @dev Safely transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`, checking first that contract recipients
     * are aware of the ERC721 protocol to prevent tokens from being forever locked.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `tokenId` token must exist and be owned by `from`.
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must have been allowed to move this token by either {approve} or
     *   {setApprovalForAll}.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon
     *   a safe transfer.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) external;

    /**
     * @dev Transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * WARNING: Note that the caller is responsible to confirm that the recipient is capable of receiving ERC721
     * or else they may be permanently lost. Usage of {safeTransferFrom} prevents loss, though the caller must
     * understand this adds an external call which potentially creates a reentrancy vulnerability.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `tokenId` token must be owned by `from`.
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be approved to move this token by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) external;

    /**
     * @dev Gives permission to `to` to transfer `tokenId` token to another account.
     * The approval is cleared when the token is transferred.
     *
     * Only a single account can be approved at a time, so approving the zero address clears previous approvals.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The caller must own the token or be an approved operator.
     * - `tokenId` must exist.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address to, uint256 tokenId) external;

    /**
     * @dev Approve or remove `operator` as an operator for the caller.
     * Operators can call {transferFrom} or {safeTransferFrom} for any token owned by the caller.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The `operator` cannot be the address zero.
     *
     * Emits an {ApprovalForAll} event.
     */
    function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool approved) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the account approved for `tokenId` token.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `tokenId` must exist.
     */
    function getApproved(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (address operator);

    /**
     * @dev Returns if the `operator` is allowed to manage all of the assets of `owner`.
     *
     * See {setApprovalForAll}
     */
    function isApprovedForAll(address owner, address operator) external view returns (bool);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/introspection/IERC165.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC165 standard, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165[EIP].
 *
 * Implementers can declare support of contract interfaces, which can then be
 * queried by others ({ERC165Checker}).
 *
 * For an implementation, see {ERC165}.
 */
interface IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if this contract implements the interface defined by
     * `interfaceId`. See the corresponding
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165#how-interfaces-are-identified[EIP section]
     * to learn more about how these ids are created.
     *
     * This function call must use less than 30 000 gas.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);
}


onERC721Received

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.6.0) (token/ERC721/IERC721Receiver.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @title ERC721 token receiver interface
 * @dev Interface for any contract that wants to support safeTransfers
 * from ERC721 asset contracts.
 */
interface IERC721Receiver {
    /**
     * @dev Whenever an {IERC721} `tokenId` token is transferred to this contract via {IERC721-safeTransferFrom}
     * by `operator` from `from`, this function is called.
     *
     * It must return its Solidity selector to confirm the token transfer.
     * If any other value is returned or the interface is not implemented by the recipient, the transfer will be
     * reverted.
     *
     * The selector can be obtained in Solidity with `IERC721Receiver.onERC721Received.selector`.
     */
    function onERC721Received(
        address operator,
        address from,
        uint256 tokenId,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external returns (bytes4);
}


ERC721 token receiver interface

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC721/extensions/IERC721Metadata.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC721} from "../IERC721.sol";

/**
 * @title ERC-721 Non-Fungible Token Standard, optional metadata extension
 * @dev See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721
 */
interface IERC721Metadata is IERC721 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the token collection name.
     */
    function name() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the token collection symbol.
     */
    function symbol() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) for `tokenId` token.
     */
    function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (string memory);
}


ERC-721 Non-Fungible Token Standard, optional metadata extension

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (interfaces/IERC721.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC721} from "../token/ERC721/IERC721.sol";


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Context.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract Context {
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
        return msg.data;
    }
}


value

length

StringsInsufficientHexLength

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/Strings.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Math} from "./math/Math.sol";
import {SignedMath} from "./math/SignedMath.sol";

/**
 * @dev String operations.
 */
library Strings {
    bytes16 private constant HEX_DIGITS = "0123456789abcdef";
    uint8 private constant ADDRESS_LENGTH = 20;

    /**
     * @dev The `value` string doesn't fit in the specified `length`.
     */
    error StringsInsufficientHexLength(uint256 value, uint256 length);

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 length = Math.log10(value) + 1;
            string memory buffer = new string(length);
            uint256 ptr;
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                ptr := add(buffer, add(32, length))
            }
            while (true) {
                ptr--;
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    mstore8(ptr, byte(mod(value, 10), HEX_DIGITS))
                }
                value /= 10;
                if (value == 0) break;
            }
            return buffer;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `int256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toStringSigned(int256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return string.concat(value < 0 ? "-" : "", toString(SignedMath.abs(value)));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        unchecked {
            return toHexString(value, Math.log256(value) + 1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation with fixed length.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value, uint256 length) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        uint256 localValue = value;
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(2 * length + 2);
        buffer[0] = "0";
        buffer[1] = "x";
        for (uint256 i = 2 * length + 1; i > 1; --i) {
            buffer[i] = HEX_DIGITS[localValue & 0xf];
            localValue >>= 4;
        }
        if (localValue != 0) {
            revert StringsInsufficientHexLength(value, length);
        }
        return string(buffer);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts an `address` with fixed length of 20 bytes to its not checksummed ASCII `string` hexadecimal
     * representation.
     */
    function toHexString(address addr) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return toHexString(uint256(uint160(addr)), ADDRESS_LENGTH);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the two strings are equal.
     */
    function equal(string memory a, string memory b) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return bytes(a).length == bytes(b).length && keccak256(bytes(a)) == keccak256(bytes(b));
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/math/Math.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Standard math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
 */
library Math {
    /**
     * @dev Muldiv operation overflow.
     */
    error MathOverflowedMulDiv();

    enum Rounding {
        Floor, // Toward negative infinity
        Ceil, // Toward positive infinity
        Trunc, // Toward zero
        Expand // Away from zero
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the addition of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
     */
    function tryAdd(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 c = a + b;
            if (c < a) return (false, 0);
            return (true, c);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
     */
    function trySub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            if (b > a) return (false, 0);
            return (true, a - b);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the multiplication of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
     */
    function tryMul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            // Gas optimization: this is cheaper than requiring 'a' not being zero, but the
            // benefit is lost if 'b' is also tested.
            // See: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/522
            if (a == 0) return (true, 0);
            uint256 c = a * b;
            if (c / a != b) return (false, 0);
            return (true, c);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the division of two unsigned integers, with a division by zero flag.
     */
    function tryDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            if (b == 0) return (false, 0);
            return (true, a / b);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers, with a division by zero flag.
     */
    function tryMod(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            if (b == 0) return (false, 0);
            return (true, a % b);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the largest of two numbers.
     */
    function max(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a > b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest of two numbers.
     */
    function min(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a < b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the average of two numbers. The result is rounded towards
     * zero.
     */
    function average(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b) / 2 can overflow.
        return (a & b) + (a ^ b) / 2;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the ceiling of the division of two numbers.
     *
     * This differs from standard division with `/` in that it rounds towards infinity instead
     * of rounding towards zero.
     */
    function ceilDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (b == 0) {
            // Guarantee the same behavior as in a regular Solidity division.
            return a / b;
        }

        // (a + b - 1) / b can overflow on addition, so we distribute.
        return a == 0 ? 0 : (a - 1) / b + 1;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates floor(x * y / denominator) with full precision. Throws if result overflows a uint256 or
     * denominator == 0.
     * @dev Original credit to Remco Bloemen under MIT license (https://xn--2-umb.com/21/muldiv) with further edits by
     * Uniswap Labs also under MIT license.
     */
    function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {
        unchecked {
            // 512-bit multiply [prod1 prod0] = x * y. Compute the product mod 2^256 and mod 2^256 - 1, then use
            // use the Chinese Remainder Theorem to reconstruct the 512 bit result. The result is stored in two 256
            // variables such that product = prod1 * 2^256 + prod0.
            uint256 prod0 = x * y; // Least significant 256 bits of the product
            uint256 prod1; // Most significant 256 bits of the product
            assembly {
                let mm := mulmod(x, y, not(0))
                prod1 := sub(sub(mm, prod0), lt(mm, prod0))
            }

            // Handle non-overflow cases, 256 by 256 division.
            if (prod1 == 0) {
                // Solidity will revert if denominator == 0, unlike the div opcode on its own.
                // The surrounding unchecked block does not change this fact.
                // See https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/latest/control-structures.html#checked-or-unchecked-arithmetic.
                return prod0 / denominator;
            }

            // Make sure the result is less than 2^256. Also prevents denominator == 0.
            if (denominator <= prod1) {
                revert MathOverflowedMulDiv();
            }

            ///////////////////////////////////////////////
            // 512 by 256 division.
            ///////////////////////////////////////////////

            // Make division exact by subtracting the remainder from [prod1 prod0].
            uint256 remainder;
            assembly {
                // Compute remainder using mulmod.
                remainder := mulmod(x, y, denominator)

                // Subtract 256 bit number from 512 bit number.
                prod1 := sub(prod1, gt(remainder, prod0))
                prod0 := sub(prod0, remainder)
            }

            // Factor powers of two out of denominator and compute largest power of two divisor of denominator.
            // Always >= 1. See https://cs.stackexchange.com/q/138556/92363.

            uint256 twos = denominator & (0 - denominator);
            assembly {
                // Divide denominator by twos.
                denominator := div(denominator, twos)

                // Divide [prod1 prod0] by twos.
                prod0 := div(prod0, twos)

                // Flip twos such that it is 2^256 / twos. If twos is zero, then it becomes one.
                twos := add(div(sub(0, twos), twos), 1)
            }

            // Shift in bits from prod1 into prod0.
            prod0 |= prod1 * twos;

            // Invert denominator mod 2^256. Now that denominator is an odd number, it has an inverse modulo 2^256 such
            // that denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^256. Compute the inverse by starting with a seed that is correct for
            // four bits. That is, denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^4.
            uint256 inverse = (3 * denominator) ^ 2;

            // Use the Newton-Raphson iteration to improve the precision. Thanks to Hensel's lifting lemma, this also
            // works in modular arithmetic, doubling the correct bits in each step.
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^8
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^16
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^32
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^64
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^128
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^256

            // Because the division is now exact we can divide by multiplying with the modular inverse of denominator.
            // This will give us the correct result modulo 2^256. Since the preconditions guarantee that the outcome is
            // less than 2^256, this is the final result. We don't need to compute the high bits of the result and prod1
            // is no longer required.
            result = prod0 * inverse;
            return result;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates x * y / denominator with full precision, following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = mulDiv(x, y, denominator);
        if (unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && mulmod(x, y, denominator) > 0) {
            result += 1;
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the square root of a number. If the number is not a perfect square, the value is rounded
     * towards zero.
     *
     * Inspired by Henry S. Warren, Jr.'s "Hacker's Delight" (Chapter 11).
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (a == 0) {
            return 0;
        }

        // For our first guess, we get the biggest power of 2 which is smaller than the square root of the target.
        //
        // We know that the "msb" (most significant bit) of our target number `a` is a power of 2 such that we have
        // `msb(a) <= a < 2*msb(a)`. This value can be written `msb(a)=2**k` with `k=log2(a)`.
        //
        // This can be rewritten `2**log2(a) <= a < 2**(log2(a) + 1)`
        // → `sqrt(2**k) <= sqrt(a) < sqrt(2**(k+1))`
        // → `2**(k/2) <= sqrt(a) < 2**((k+1)/2) <= 2**(k/2 + 1)`
        //
        // Consequently, `2**(log2(a) / 2)` is a good first approximation of `sqrt(a)` with at least 1 correct bit.
        uint256 result = 1 << (log2(a) >> 1);

        // At this point `result` is an estimation with one bit of precision. We know the true value is a uint128,
        // since it is the square root of a uint256. Newton's method converges quadratically (precision doubles at
        // every iteration). We thus need at most 7 iteration to turn our partial result with one bit of precision
        // into the expected uint128 result.
        unchecked {
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            return min(result, a / result);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates sqrt(a), following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = sqrt(a);
            return result + (unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && result * result < a ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2 of a positive value rounded towards zero.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 128;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                value >>= 8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 4 > 0) {
                value >>= 4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 2 > 0) {
                value >>= 2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 1 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log2(value);
            return result + (unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && 1 << result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10 of a positive value rounded towards zero.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >= 10 ** 64) {
                value /= 10 ** 64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 32) {
                value /= 10 ** 32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 16) {
                value /= 10 ** 16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 8) {
                value /= 10 ** 8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 4) {
                value /= 10 ** 4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 2) {
                value /= 10 ** 2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 1) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log10(value);
            return result + (unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && 10 ** result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 256 of a positive value rounded towards zero.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     *
     * Adding one to the result gives the number of pairs of hex symbols needed to represent `value` as a hex string.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 256, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log256(value);
            return result + (unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && 1 << (result << 3) < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether a provided rounding mode is considered rounding up for unsigned integers.
     */
    function unsignedRoundsUp(Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return uint8(rounding) % 2 == 1;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (utils/math/SignedMath.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Standard signed math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
 */
library SignedMath {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the largest of two signed numbers.
     */
    function max(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        return a > b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest of two signed numbers.
     */
    function min(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        return a < b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the average of two signed numbers without overflow.
     * The result is rounded towards zero.
     */
    function average(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        // Formula from the book "Hacker's Delight"
        int256 x = (a & b) + ((a ^ b) >> 1);
        return x + (int256(uint256(x) >> 255) & (a ^ b));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the absolute unsigned value of a signed value.
     */
    function abs(int256 n) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            // must be unchecked in order to support `n = type(int256).min`
            return uint256(n >= 0 ? n : -n);
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/introspection/ERC165.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC165} from "./IERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the {IERC165} interface.
 *
 * Contracts that want to implement ERC165 should inherit from this contract and override {supportsInterface} to check
 * for the additional interface id that will be supported. For example:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
 *     return interfaceId == type(MyInterface).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
 * }
 * ```
 */
abstract contract ERC165 is IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IERC165).interfaceId;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Standard ERC20 Errors
 * Interface of the https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-6093[ERC-6093] custom errors for ERC20 tokens.
 */
interface IERC20Errors {
    /**
     * @dev Indicates an error related to the current `balance` of a `sender`. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     * @param balance Current balance for the interacting account.
     * @param needed Minimum amount required to perform a transfer.
     */
    error ERC20InsufficientBalance(address sender, uint256 balance, uint256 needed);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `sender`. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC20InvalidSender(address sender);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `receiver`. Used in transfers.
     * @param receiver Address to which tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC20InvalidReceiver(address receiver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `spender`’s `allowance`. Used in transfers.
     * @param spender Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     * @param allowance Amount of tokens a `spender` is allowed to operate with.
     * @param needed Minimum amount required to perform a transfer.
     */
    error ERC20InsufficientAllowance(address spender, uint256 allowance, uint256 needed);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `approver` of a token to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param approver Address initiating an approval operation.
     */
    error ERC20InvalidApprover(address approver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `spender` to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param spender Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     */
    error ERC20InvalidSpender(address spender);
}

/**
 * @dev Standard ERC721 Errors
 * Interface of the https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-6093[ERC-6093] custom errors for ERC721 tokens.
 */
interface IERC721Errors {
    /**
     * @dev Indicates that an address can't be an owner. For example, `address(0)` is a forbidden owner in EIP-20.
     * Used in balance queries.
     * @param owner Address of the current owner of a token.
     */
    error ERC721InvalidOwner(address owner);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a `tokenId` whose `owner` is the zero address.
     * @param tokenId Identifier number of a token.
     */
    error ERC721NonexistentToken(uint256 tokenId);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates an error related to the ownership over a particular token. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     * @param tokenId Identifier number of a token.
     * @param owner Address of the current owner of a token.
     */
    error ERC721IncorrectOwner(address sender, uint256 tokenId, address owner);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `sender`. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC721InvalidSender(address sender);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `receiver`. Used in transfers.
     * @param receiver Address to which tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC721InvalidReceiver(address receiver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `operator`’s approval. Used in transfers.
     * @param operator Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     * @param tokenId Identifier number of a token.
     */
    error ERC721InsufficientApproval(address operator, uint256 tokenId);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `approver` of a token to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param approver Address initiating an approval operation.
     */
    error ERC721InvalidApprover(address approver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `operator` to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param operator Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     */
    error ERC721InvalidOperator(address operator);
}

/**
 * @dev Standard ERC1155 Errors
 * Interface of the https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-6093[ERC-6093] custom errors for ERC1155 tokens.
 */
interface IERC1155Errors {
    /**
     * @dev Indicates an error related to the current `balance` of a `sender`. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     * @param balance Current balance for the interacting account.
     * @param needed Minimum amount required to perform a transfer.
     * @param tokenId Identifier number of a token.
     */
    error ERC1155InsufficientBalance(address sender, uint256 balance, uint256 needed, uint256 tokenId);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `sender`. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC1155InvalidSender(address sender);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `receiver`. Used in transfers.
     * @param receiver Address to which tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC1155InvalidReceiver(address receiver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `operator`’s approval. Used in transfers.
     * @param operator Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     * @param owner Address of the current owner of a token.
     */
    error ERC1155MissingApprovalForAll(address operator, address owner);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `approver` of a token to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param approver Address initiating an approval operation.
     */
    error ERC1155InvalidApprover(address approver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `operator` to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param operator Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     */
    error ERC1155InvalidOperator(address operator);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates an array length mismatch between ids and values in a safeBatchTransferFrom operation.
     * Used in batch transfers.
     * @param idsLength Length of the array of token identifiers
     * @param valuesLength Length of the array of token amounts
     */
    error ERC1155InvalidArrayLength(uint256 idsLength, uint256 valuesLength);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (access/AccessControl.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IAccessControl} from "./IAccessControl.sol";
import {Context} from "../utils/Context.sol";
import {ERC165} from "../utils/introspection/ERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module that allows children to implement role-based access
 * control mechanisms. This is a lightweight version that doesn't allow enumerating role
 * members except through off-chain means by accessing the contract event logs. Some
 * applications may benefit from on-chain enumerability, for those cases see
 * {AccessControlEnumerable}.
 *
 * Roles are referred to by their `bytes32` identifier. These should be exposed
 * in the external API and be unique. The best way to achieve this is by
 * using `public constant` hash digests:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * bytes32 public constant MY_ROLE = keccak256("MY_ROLE");
 * ```
 *
 * Roles can be used to represent a set of permissions. To restrict access to a
 * function call, use {hasRole}:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * function foo() public {
 *     require(hasRole(MY_ROLE, msg.sender));
 *     ...
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Roles can be granted and revoked dynamically via the {grantRole} and
 * {revokeRole} functions. Each role has an associated admin role, and only
 * accounts that have a role's admin role can call {grantRole} and {revokeRole}.
 *
 * By default, the admin role for all roles is `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE`, which means
 * that only accounts with this role will be able to grant or revoke other
 * roles. More complex role relationships can be created by using
 * {_setRoleAdmin}.
 *
 * WARNING: The `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` is also its own admin: it has permission to
 * grant and revoke this role. Extra precautions should be taken to secure
 * accounts that have been granted it. We recommend using {AccessControlDefaultAdminRules}
 * to enforce additional security measures for this role.
 */
abstract contract AccessControl is Context, IAccessControl, ERC165 {
    struct RoleData {
        mapping(address account => bool) hasRole;
        bytes32 adminRole;
    }

    mapping(bytes32 role => RoleData) private _roles;

    bytes32 public constant DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE = 0x00;

    /**
     * @dev Modifier that checks that an account has a specific role. Reverts
     * with an {AccessControlUnauthorizedAccount} error including the required role.
     */
    modifier onlyRole(bytes32 role) {
        _checkRole(role);
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IAccessControl).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns `true` if `account` has been granted `role`.
     */
    function hasRole(bytes32 role, address account) public view virtual returns (bool) {
        return _roles[role].hasRole[account];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Reverts with an {AccessControlUnauthorizedAccount} error if `_msgSender()`
     * is missing `role`. Overriding this function changes the behavior of the {onlyRole} modifier.
     */
    function _checkRole(bytes32 role) internal view virtual {
        _checkRole(role, _msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Reverts with an {AccessControlUnauthorizedAccount} error if `account`
     * is missing `role`.
     */
    function _checkRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal view virtual {
        if (!hasRole(role, account)) {
            revert AccessControlUnauthorizedAccount(account, role);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the admin role that controls `role`. See {grantRole} and
     * {revokeRole}.
     *
     * To change a role's admin, use {_setRoleAdmin}.
     */
    function getRoleAdmin(bytes32 role) public view virtual returns (bytes32) {
        return _roles[role].adminRole;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Grants `role` to `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had not been already granted `role`, emits a {RoleGranted}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleGranted} event.
     */
    function grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual onlyRole(getRoleAdmin(role)) {
        _grantRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleRevoked} event.
     */
    function revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual onlyRole(getRoleAdmin(role)) {
        _revokeRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from the calling account.
     *
     * Roles are often managed via {grantRole} and {revokeRole}: this function's
     * purpose is to provide a mechanism for accounts to lose their privileges
     * if they are compromised (such as when a trusted device is misplaced).
     *
     * If the calling account had been revoked `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must be `callerConfirmation`.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleRevoked} event.
     */
    function renounceRole(bytes32 role, address callerConfirmation) public virtual {
        if (callerConfirmation != _msgSender()) {
            revert AccessControlBadConfirmation();
        }

        _revokeRole(role, callerConfirmation);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets `adminRole` as ``role``'s admin role.
     *
     * Emits a {RoleAdminChanged} event.
     */
    function _setRoleAdmin(bytes32 role, bytes32 adminRole) internal virtual {
        bytes32 previousAdminRole = getRoleAdmin(role);
        _roles[role].adminRole = adminRole;
        emit RoleAdminChanged(role, previousAdminRole, adminRole);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Attempts to grant `role` to `account` and returns a boolean indicating if `role` was granted.
     *
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleGranted} event.
     */
    function _grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual returns (bool) {
        if (!hasRole(role, account)) {
            _roles[role].hasRole[account] = true;
            emit RoleGranted(role, account, _msgSender());
            return true;
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Attempts to revoke `role` to `account` and returns a boolean indicating if `role` was revoked.
     *
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleRevoked} event.
     */
    function _revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual returns (bool) {
        if (hasRole(role, account)) {
            _roles[role].hasRole[account] = false;
            emit RoleRevoked(role, account, _msgSender());
            return true;
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (access/IAccessControl.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev External interface of AccessControl declared to support ERC165 detection.
 */
interface IAccessControl {
    /**
     * @dev The `account` is missing a role.
     */
    error AccessControlUnauthorizedAccount(address account, bytes32 neededRole);

    /**
     * @dev The caller of a function is not the expected one.
     *
     * NOTE: Don't confuse with {AccessControlUnauthorizedAccount}.
     */
    error AccessControlBadConfirmation();

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `newAdminRole` is set as ``role``'s admin role, replacing `previousAdminRole`
     *
     * `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` is the starting admin for all roles, despite
     * {RoleAdminChanged} not being emitted signaling this.
     */
    event RoleAdminChanged(bytes32 indexed role, bytes32 indexed previousAdminRole, bytes32 indexed newAdminRole);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `account` is granted `role`.
     *
     * `sender` is the account that originated the contract call, an admin role
     * bearer except when using {AccessControl-_setupRole}.
     */
    event RoleGranted(bytes32 indexed role, address indexed account, address indexed sender);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `account` is revoked `role`.
     *
     * `sender` is the account that originated the contract call:
     *   - if using `revokeRole`, it is the admin role bearer
     *   - if using `renounceRole`, it is the role bearer (i.e. `account`)
     */
    event RoleRevoked(bytes32 indexed role, address indexed account, address indexed sender);

    /**
     * @dev Returns `true` if `account` has been granted `role`.
     */
    function hasRole(bytes32 role, address account) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the admin role that controls `role`. See {grantRole} and
     * {revokeRole}.
     *
     * To change a role's admin, use {AccessControl-_setRoleAdmin}.
     */
    function getRoleAdmin(bytes32 role) external view returns (bytes32);

    /**
     * @dev Grants `role` to `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had not been already granted `role`, emits a {RoleGranted}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     */
    function grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) external;

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     */
    function revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) external;

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from the calling account.
     *
     * Roles are often managed via {grantRole} and {revokeRole}: this function's
     * purpose is to provide a mechanism for accounts to lose their privileges
     * if they are compromised (such as when a trusted device is misplaced).
     *
     * If the calling account had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must be `callerConfirmation`.
     */
    function renounceRole(bytes32 role, address callerConfirmation) external;
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (access/Ownable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Context} from "../utils/Context.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * The initial owner is set to the address provided by the deployer. This can
 * later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
 * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
 * the owner.
 */
abstract contract Ownable is Context {
    address private _owner;

    /**
     * @dev The caller account is not authorized to perform an operation.
     */
    error OwnableUnauthorizedAccount(address account);

    /**
     * @dev The owner is not a valid owner account. (eg. `address(0)`)
     */
    error OwnableInvalidOwner(address owner);

    event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract setting the address provided by the deployer as the initial owner.
     */
    constructor(address initialOwner) {
        if (initialOwner == address(0)) {
            revert OwnableInvalidOwner(address(0));
        }
        _transferOwnership(initialOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
     */
    modifier onlyOwner() {
        _checkOwner();
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
     */
    function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _owner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if the sender is not the owner.
     */
    function _checkOwner() internal view virtual {
        if (owner() != _msgSender()) {
            revert OwnableUnauthorizedAccount(_msgSender());
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
     * `onlyOwner` functions. Can only be called by the current owner.
     *
     * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
     * thereby disabling any functionality that is only available to the owner.
     */
    function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
        _transferOwnership(address(0));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
        if (newOwner == address(0)) {
            revert OwnableInvalidOwner(address(0));
        }
        _transferOwnership(newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual {
        address oldOwner = _owner;
        _owner = newOwner;
        emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (access/Ownable2Step.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Ownable} from "./Ownable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * The initial owner is specified at deployment time in the constructor for `Ownable`. This
 * can later be changed with {transferOwnership} and {acceptOwnership}.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available all functions
 * from parent (Ownable).
 */
abstract contract Ownable2Step is Ownable {
    address private _pendingOwner;

    event OwnershipTransferStarted(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the pending owner.
     */
    function pendingOwner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _pendingOwner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Starts the ownership transfer of the contract to a new account. Replaces the pending transfer if there is one.
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual override onlyOwner {
        _pendingOwner = newOwner;
        emit OwnershipTransferStarted(owner(), newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`) and deletes any pending owner.
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual override {
        delete _pendingOwner;
        super._transferOwnership(newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev The new owner accepts the ownership transfer.
     */
    function acceptOwnership() public virtual {
        address sender = _msgSender();
        if (pendingOwner() != sender) {
            revert OwnableUnauthorizedAccount(sender);
        }
        _transferOwnership(sender);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (access/AccessControlDefaultAdminRules.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IAccessControlDefaultAdminRules} from "./IAccessControlDefaultAdminRules.sol";
import {AccessControl, IAccessControl} from "../AccessControl.sol";
import {SafeCast} from "../../utils/math/SafeCast.sol";
import {Math} from "../../utils/math/Math.sol";
import {IERC5313} from "../../interfaces/IERC5313.sol";

/**
 * @dev Extension of {AccessControl} that allows specifying special rules to manage
 * the `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` holder, which is a sensitive role with special permissions
 * over other roles that may potentially have privileged rights in the system.
 *
 * If a specific role doesn't have an admin role assigned, the holder of the
 * `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` will have the ability to grant it and revoke it.
 *
 * This contract implements the following risk mitigations on top of {AccessControl}:
 *
 * * Only one account holds the `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` since deployment until it's potentially renounced.
 * * Enforces a 2-step process to transfer the `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` to another account.
 * * Enforces a configurable delay between the two steps, with the ability to cancel before the transfer is accepted.
 * * The delay can be changed by scheduling, see {changeDefaultAdminDelay}.
 * * It is not possible to use another role to manage the `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE`.
 *
 * Example usage:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * contract MyToken is AccessControlDefaultAdminRules {
 *   constructor() AccessControlDefaultAdminRules(
 *     3 days,
 *     msg.sender // Explicit initial `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` holder
 *    ) {}
 * }
 * ```
 */
abstract contract AccessControlDefaultAdminRules is IAccessControlDefaultAdminRules, IERC5313, AccessControl {
    // pending admin pair read/written together frequently
    address private _pendingDefaultAdmin;
    uint48 private _pendingDefaultAdminSchedule; // 0 == unset

    uint48 private _currentDelay;
    address private _currentDefaultAdmin;

    // pending delay pair read/written together frequently
    uint48 private _pendingDelay;
    uint48 private _pendingDelaySchedule; // 0 == unset

    /**
     * @dev Sets the initial values for {defaultAdminDelay} and {defaultAdmin} address.
     */
    constructor(uint48 initialDelay, address initialDefaultAdmin) {
        if (initialDefaultAdmin == address(0)) {
            revert AccessControlInvalidDefaultAdmin(address(0));
        }
        _currentDelay = initialDelay;
        _grantRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE, initialDefaultAdmin);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IAccessControlDefaultAdminRules).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC5313-owner}.
     */
    function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return defaultAdmin();
    }

    ///
    /// Override AccessControl role management
    ///

    /**
     * @dev See {AccessControl-grantRole}. Reverts for `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE`.
     */
    function grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual override(AccessControl, IAccessControl) {
        if (role == DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE) {
            revert AccessControlEnforcedDefaultAdminRules();
        }
        super.grantRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {AccessControl-revokeRole}. Reverts for `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE`.
     */
    function revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual override(AccessControl, IAccessControl) {
        if (role == DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE) {
            revert AccessControlEnforcedDefaultAdminRules();
        }
        super.revokeRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {AccessControl-renounceRole}.
     *
     * For the `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE`, it only allows renouncing in two steps by first calling
     * {beginDefaultAdminTransfer} to the `address(0)`, so it's required that the {pendingDefaultAdmin} schedule
     * has also passed when calling this function.
     *
     * After its execution, it will not be possible to call `onlyRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE)` functions.
     *
     * NOTE: Renouncing `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` will leave the contract without a {defaultAdmin},
     * thereby disabling any functionality that is only available for it, and the possibility of reassigning a
     * non-administrated role.
     */
    function renounceRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual override(AccessControl, IAccessControl) {
        if (role == DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE && account == defaultAdmin()) {
            (address newDefaultAdmin, uint48 schedule) = pendingDefaultAdmin();
            if (newDefaultAdmin != address(0) || !_isScheduleSet(schedule) || !_hasSchedulePassed(schedule)) {
                revert AccessControlEnforcedDefaultAdminDelay(schedule);
            }
            delete _pendingDefaultAdminSchedule;
        }
        super.renounceRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {AccessControl-_grantRole}.
     *
     * For `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE`, it only allows granting if there isn't already a {defaultAdmin} or if the
     * role has been previously renounced.
     *
     * NOTE: Exposing this function through another mechanism may make the `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE`
     * assignable again. Make sure to guarantee this is the expected behavior in your implementation.
     */
    function _grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual override returns (bool) {
        if (role == DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE) {
            if (defaultAdmin() != address(0)) {
                revert AccessControlEnforcedDefaultAdminRules();
            }
            _currentDefaultAdmin = account;
        }
        return super._grantRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {AccessControl-_revokeRole}.
     */
    function _revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual override returns (bool) {
        if (role == DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE && account == defaultAdmin()) {
            delete _currentDefaultAdmin;
        }
        return super._revokeRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {AccessControl-_setRoleAdmin}. Reverts for `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE`.
     */
    function _setRoleAdmin(bytes32 role, bytes32 adminRole) internal virtual override {
        if (role == DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE) {
            revert AccessControlEnforcedDefaultAdminRules();
        }
        super._setRoleAdmin(role, adminRole);
    }

    ///
    /// AccessControlDefaultAdminRules accessors
    ///

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IAccessControlDefaultAdminRules
     */
    function defaultAdmin() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _currentDefaultAdmin;
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IAccessControlDefaultAdminRules
     */
    function pendingDefaultAdmin() public view virtual returns (address newAdmin, uint48 schedule) {
        return (_pendingDefaultAdmin, _pendingDefaultAdminSchedule);
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IAccessControlDefaultAdminRules
     */
    function defaultAdminDelay() public view virtual returns (uint48) {
        uint48 schedule = _pendingDelaySchedule;
        return (_isScheduleSet(schedule) && _hasSchedulePassed(schedule)) ? _pendingDelay : _currentDelay;
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IAccessControlDefaultAdminRules
     */
    function pendingDefaultAdminDelay() public view virtual returns (uint48 newDelay, uint48 schedule) {
        schedule = _pendingDelaySchedule;
        return (_isScheduleSet(schedule) && !_hasSchedulePassed(schedule)) ? (_pendingDelay, schedule) : (0, 0);
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IAccessControlDefaultAdminRules
     */
    function defaultAdminDelayIncreaseWait() public view virtual returns (uint48) {
        return 5 days;
    }

    ///
    /// AccessControlDefaultAdminRules public and internal setters for defaultAdmin/pendingDefaultAdmin
    ///

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IAccessControlDefaultAdminRules
     */
    function beginDefaultAdminTransfer(address newAdmin) public virtual onlyRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE) {
        _beginDefaultAdminTransfer(newAdmin);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {beginDefaultAdminTransfer}.
     *
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _beginDefaultAdminTransfer(address newAdmin) internal virtual {
        uint48 newSchedule = SafeCast.toUint48(block.timestamp) + defaultAdminDelay();
        _setPendingDefaultAdmin(newAdmin, newSchedule);
        emit DefaultAdminTransferScheduled(newAdmin, newSchedule);
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IAccessControlDefaultAdminRules
     */
    function cancelDefaultAdminTransfer() public virtual onlyRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE) {
        _cancelDefaultAdminTransfer();
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {cancelDefaultAdminTransfer}.
     *
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _cancelDefaultAdminTransfer() internal virtual {
        _setPendingDefaultAdmin(address(0), 0);
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IAccessControlDefaultAdminRules
     */
    function acceptDefaultAdminTransfer() public virtual {
        (address newDefaultAdmin, ) = pendingDefaultAdmin();
        if (_msgSender() != newDefaultAdmin) {
            // Enforce newDefaultAdmin explicit acceptance.
            revert AccessControlInvalidDefaultAdmin(_msgSender());
        }
        _acceptDefaultAdminTransfer();
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {acceptDefaultAdminTransfer}.
     *
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _acceptDefaultAdminTransfer() internal virtual {
        (address newAdmin, uint48 schedule) = pendingDefaultAdmin();
        if (!_isScheduleSet(schedule) || !_hasSchedulePassed(schedule)) {
            revert AccessControlEnforcedDefaultAdminDelay(schedule);
        }
        _revokeRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE, defaultAdmin());
        _grantRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE, newAdmin);
        delete _pendingDefaultAdmin;
        delete _pendingDefaultAdminSchedule;
    }

    ///
    /// AccessControlDefaultAdminRules public and internal setters for defaultAdminDelay/pendingDefaultAdminDelay
    ///

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IAccessControlDefaultAdminRules
     */
    function changeDefaultAdminDelay(uint48 newDelay) public virtual onlyRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE) {
        _changeDefaultAdminDelay(newDelay);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {changeDefaultAdminDelay}.
     *
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _changeDefaultAdminDelay(uint48 newDelay) internal virtual {
        uint48 newSchedule = SafeCast.toUint48(block.timestamp) + _delayChangeWait(newDelay);
        _setPendingDelay(newDelay, newSchedule);
        emit DefaultAdminDelayChangeScheduled(newDelay, newSchedule);
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IAccessControlDefaultAdminRules
     */
    function rollbackDefaultAdminDelay() public virtual onlyRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE) {
        _rollbackDefaultAdminDelay();
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {rollbackDefaultAdminDelay}.
     *
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _rollbackDefaultAdminDelay() internal virtual {
        _setPendingDelay(0, 0);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of seconds to wait after the `newDelay` will
     * become the new {defaultAdminDelay}.
     *
     * The value returned guarantees that if the delay is reduced, it will go into effect
     * after a wait that honors the previously set delay.
     *
     * See {defaultAdminDelayIncreaseWait}.
     */
    function _delayChangeWait(uint48 newDelay) internal view virtual returns (uint48) {
        uint48 currentDelay = defaultAdminDelay();

        // When increasing the delay, we schedule the delay change to occur after a period of "new delay" has passed, up
        // to a maximum given by defaultAdminDelayIncreaseWait, by default 5 days. For example, if increasing from 1 day
        // to 3 days, the new delay will come into effect after 3 days. If increasing from 1 day to 10 days, the new
        // delay will come into effect after 5 days. The 5 day wait period is intended to be able to fix an error like
        // using milliseconds instead of seconds.
        //
        // When decreasing the delay, we wait the difference between "current delay" and "new delay". This guarantees
        // that an admin transfer cannot be made faster than "current delay" at the time the delay change is scheduled.
        // For example, if decreasing from 10 days to 3 days, the new delay will come into effect after 7 days.
        return
            newDelay > currentDelay
                ? uint48(Math.min(newDelay, defaultAdminDelayIncreaseWait())) // no need to safecast, both inputs are uint48
                : currentDelay - newDelay;
    }

    ///
    /// Private setters
    ///

    /**
     * @dev Setter of the tuple for pending admin and its schedule.
     *
     * May emit a DefaultAdminTransferCanceled event.
     */
    function _setPendingDefaultAdmin(address newAdmin, uint48 newSchedule) private {
        (, uint48 oldSchedule) = pendingDefaultAdmin();

        _pendingDefaultAdmin = newAdmin;
        _pendingDefaultAdminSchedule = newSchedule;

        // An `oldSchedule` from `pendingDefaultAdmin()` is only set if it hasn't been accepted.
        if (_isScheduleSet(oldSchedule)) {
            // Emit for implicit cancellations when another default admin was scheduled.
            emit DefaultAdminTransferCanceled();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Setter of the tuple for pending delay and its schedule.
     *
     * May emit a DefaultAdminDelayChangeCanceled event.
     */
    function _setPendingDelay(uint48 newDelay, uint48 newSchedule) private {
        uint48 oldSchedule = _pendingDelaySchedule;

        if (_isScheduleSet(oldSchedule)) {
            if (_hasSchedulePassed(oldSchedule)) {
                // Materialize a virtual delay
                _currentDelay = _pendingDelay;
            } else {
                // Emit for implicit cancellations when another delay was scheduled.
                emit DefaultAdminDelayChangeCanceled();
            }
        }

        _pendingDelay = newDelay;
        _pendingDelaySchedule = newSchedule;
    }

    ///
    /// Private helpers
    ///

    /**
     * @dev Defines if an `schedule` is considered set. For consistency purposes.
     */
    function _isScheduleSet(uint48 schedule) private pure returns (bool) {
        return schedule != 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Defines if an `schedule` is considered passed. For consistency purposes.
     */
    function _hasSchedulePassed(uint48 schedule) private view returns (bool) {
        return schedule < block.timestamp;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (access/AccessControlEnumerable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IAccessControlEnumerable} from "./IAccessControlEnumerable.sol";
import {AccessControl} from "../AccessControl.sol";
import {EnumerableSet} from "../../utils/structs/EnumerableSet.sol";

/**
 * @dev Extension of {AccessControl} that allows enumerating the members of each role.
 */
abstract contract AccessControlEnumerable is IAccessControlEnumerable, AccessControl {
    using EnumerableSet for EnumerableSet.AddressSet;

    mapping(bytes32 role => EnumerableSet.AddressSet) private _roleMembers;

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IAccessControlEnumerable).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns one of the accounts that have `role`. `index` must be a
     * value between 0 and {getRoleMemberCount}, non-inclusive.
     *
     * Role bearers are not sorted in any particular way, and their ordering may
     * change at any point.
     *
     * WARNING: When using {getRoleMember} and {getRoleMemberCount}, make sure
     * you perform all queries on the same block. See the following
     * https://forum.openzeppelin.com/t/iterating-over-elements-on-enumerableset-in-openzeppelin-contracts/2296[forum post]
     * for more information.
     */
    function getRoleMember(bytes32 role, uint256 index) public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _roleMembers[role].at(index);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of accounts that have `role`. Can be used
     * together with {getRoleMember} to enumerate all bearers of a role.
     */
    function getRoleMemberCount(bytes32 role) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _roleMembers[role].length();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload {AccessControl-_grantRole} to track enumerable memberships
     */
    function _grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual override returns (bool) {
        bool granted = super._grantRole(role, account);
        if (granted) {
            _roleMembers[role].add(account);
        }
        return granted;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload {AccessControl-_revokeRole} to track enumerable memberships
     */
    function _revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual override returns (bool) {
        bool revoked = super._revokeRole(role, account);
        if (revoked) {
            _roleMembers[role].remove(account);
        }
        return revoked;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (access/IAccessControlDefaultAdminRules.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IAccessControl} from "../IAccessControl.sol";

/**
 * @dev External interface of AccessControlDefaultAdminRules declared to support ERC165 detection.
 */
interface IAccessControlDefaultAdminRules is IAccessControl {
    /**
     * @dev The new default admin is not a valid default admin.
     */
    error AccessControlInvalidDefaultAdmin(address defaultAdmin);

    /**
     * @dev At least one of the following rules was violated:
     *
     * - The `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` must only be managed by itself.
     * - The `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` must only be held by one account at the time.
     * - Any `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` transfer must be in two delayed steps.
     */
    error AccessControlEnforcedDefaultAdminRules();

    /**
     * @dev The delay for transferring the default admin delay is enforced and
     * the operation must wait until `schedule`.
     *
     * NOTE: `schedule` can be 0 indicating there's no transfer scheduled.
     */
    error AccessControlEnforcedDefaultAdminDelay(uint48 schedule);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when a {defaultAdmin} transfer is started, setting `newAdmin` as the next
     * address to become the {defaultAdmin} by calling {acceptDefaultAdminTransfer} only after `acceptSchedule`
     * passes.
     */
    event DefaultAdminTransferScheduled(address indexed newAdmin, uint48 acceptSchedule);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when a {pendingDefaultAdmin} is reset if it was never accepted, regardless of its schedule.
     */
    event DefaultAdminTransferCanceled();

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when a {defaultAdminDelay} change is started, setting `newDelay` as the next
     * delay to be applied between default admin transfer after `effectSchedule` has passed.
     */
    event DefaultAdminDelayChangeScheduled(uint48 newDelay, uint48 effectSchedule);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when a {pendingDefaultAdminDelay} is reset if its schedule didn't pass.
     */
    event DefaultAdminDelayChangeCanceled();

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the current `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` holder.
     */
    function defaultAdmin() external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @dev Returns a tuple of a `newAdmin` and an accept schedule.
     *
     * After the `schedule` passes, the `newAdmin` will be able to accept the {defaultAdmin} role
     * by calling {acceptDefaultAdminTransfer}, completing the role transfer.
     *
     * A zero value only in `acceptSchedule` indicates no pending admin transfer.
     *
     * NOTE: A zero address `newAdmin` means that {defaultAdmin} is being renounced.
     */
    function pendingDefaultAdmin() external view returns (address newAdmin, uint48 acceptSchedule);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the delay required to schedule the acceptance of a {defaultAdmin} transfer started.
     *
     * This delay will be added to the current timestamp when calling {beginDefaultAdminTransfer} to set
     * the acceptance schedule.
     *
     * NOTE: If a delay change has been scheduled, it will take effect as soon as the schedule passes, making this
     * function returns the new delay. See {changeDefaultAdminDelay}.
     */
    function defaultAdminDelay() external view returns (uint48);

    /**
     * @dev Returns a tuple of `newDelay` and an effect schedule.
     *
     * After the `schedule` passes, the `newDelay` will get into effect immediately for every
     * new {defaultAdmin} transfer started with {beginDefaultAdminTransfer}.
     *
     * A zero value only in `effectSchedule` indicates no pending delay change.
     *
     * NOTE: A zero value only for `newDelay` means that the next {defaultAdminDelay}
     * will be zero after the effect schedule.
     */
    function pendingDefaultAdminDelay() external view returns (uint48 newDelay, uint48 effectSchedule);

    /**
     * @dev Starts a {defaultAdmin} transfer by setting a {pendingDefaultAdmin} scheduled for acceptance
     * after the current timestamp plus a {defaultAdminDelay}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - Only can be called by the current {defaultAdmin}.
     *
     * Emits a DefaultAdminRoleChangeStarted event.
     */
    function beginDefaultAdminTransfer(address newAdmin) external;

    /**
     * @dev Cancels a {defaultAdmin} transfer previously started with {beginDefaultAdminTransfer}.
     *
     * A {pendingDefaultAdmin} not yet accepted can also be cancelled with this function.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - Only can be called by the current {defaultAdmin}.
     *
     * May emit a DefaultAdminTransferCanceled event.
     */
    function cancelDefaultAdminTransfer() external;

    /**
     * @dev Completes a {defaultAdmin} transfer previously started with {beginDefaultAdminTransfer}.
     *
     * After calling the function:
     *
     * - `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` should be granted to the caller.
     * - `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` should be revoked from the previous holder.
     * - {pendingDefaultAdmin} should be reset to zero values.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - Only can be called by the {pendingDefaultAdmin}'s `newAdmin`.
     * - The {pendingDefaultAdmin}'s `acceptSchedule` should've passed.
     */
    function acceptDefaultAdminTransfer() external;

    /**
     * @dev Initiates a {defaultAdminDelay} update by setting a {pendingDefaultAdminDelay} scheduled for getting
     * into effect after the current timestamp plus a {defaultAdminDelay}.
     *
     * This function guarantees that any call to {beginDefaultAdminTransfer} done between the timestamp this
     * method is called and the {pendingDefaultAdminDelay} effect schedule will use the current {defaultAdminDelay}
     * set before calling.
     *
     * The {pendingDefaultAdminDelay}'s effect schedule is defined in a way that waiting until the schedule and then
     * calling {beginDefaultAdminTransfer} with the new delay will take at least the same as another {defaultAdmin}
     * complete transfer (including acceptance).
     *
     * The schedule is designed for two scenarios:
     *
     * - When the delay is changed for a larger one the schedule is `block.timestamp + newDelay` capped by
     * {defaultAdminDelayIncreaseWait}.
     * - When the delay is changed for a shorter one, the schedule is `block.timestamp + (current delay - new delay)`.
     *
     * A {pendingDefaultAdminDelay} that never got into effect will be canceled in favor of a new scheduled change.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - Only can be called by the current {defaultAdmin}.
     *
     * Emits a DefaultAdminDelayChangeScheduled event and may emit a DefaultAdminDelayChangeCanceled event.
     */
    function changeDefaultAdminDelay(uint48 newDelay) external;

    /**
     * @dev Cancels a scheduled {defaultAdminDelay} change.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - Only can be called by the current {defaultAdmin}.
     *
     * May emit a DefaultAdminDelayChangeCanceled event.
     */
    function rollbackDefaultAdminDelay() external;

    /**
     * @dev Maximum time in seconds for an increase to {defaultAdminDelay} (that is scheduled using {changeDefaultAdminDelay})
     * to take effect. Default to 5 days.
     *
     * When the {defaultAdminDelay} is scheduled to be increased, it goes into effect after the new delay has passed with
     * the purpose of giving enough time for reverting any accidental change (i.e. using milliseconds instead of seconds)
     * that may lock the contract. However, to avoid excessive schedules, the wait is capped by this function and it can
     * be overrode for a custom {defaultAdminDelay} increase scheduling.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Make sure to add a reasonable amount of time while overriding this value, otherwise,
     * there's a risk of setting a high new delay that goes into effect almost immediately without the
     * possibility of human intervention in the case of an input error (eg. set milliseconds instead of seconds).
     */
    function defaultAdminDelayIncreaseWait() external view returns (uint48);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (access/IAccessControlEnumerable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IAccessControl} from "../IAccessControl.sol";

/**
 * @dev External interface of AccessControlEnumerable declared to support ERC165 detection.
 */
interface IAccessControlEnumerable is IAccessControl {
    /**
     * @dev Returns one of the accounts that have `role`. `index` must be a
     * value between 0 and {getRoleMemberCount}, non-inclusive.
     *
     * Role bearers are not sorted in any particular way, and their ordering may
     * change at any point.
     *
     * WARNING: When using {getRoleMember} and {getRoleMemberCount}, make sure
     * you perform all queries on the same block. See the following
     * https://forum.openzeppelin.com/t/iterating-over-elements-on-enumerableset-in-openzeppelin-contracts/2296[forum post]
     * for more information.
     */
    function getRoleMember(bytes32 role, uint256 index) external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of accounts that have `role`. Can be used
     * together with {getRoleMember} to enumerate all bearers of a role.
     */
    function getRoleMemberCount(bytes32 role) external view returns (uint256);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IAuthority} from "./IAuthority.sol";
import {AuthorityUtils} from "./AuthorityUtils.sol";
import {IAccessManager} from "./IAccessManager.sol";
import {IAccessManaged} from "./IAccessManaged.sol";
import {Context} from "../../utils/Context.sol";

/**
 * @dev This contract module makes available a {restricted} modifier. Functions decorated with this modifier will be
 * permissioned according to an "authority": a contract like {AccessManager} that follows the {IAuthority} interface,
 * implementing a policy that allows certain callers to access certain functions.
 *
 * IMPORTANT: The `restricted` modifier should never be used on `internal` functions, judiciously used in `public`
 * functions, and ideally only used in `external` functions. See {restricted}.
 */
abstract contract AccessManaged is Context, IAccessManaged {
    address private _authority;

    bool private _consumingSchedule;

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract connected to an initial authority.
     */
    constructor(address initialAuthority) {
        _setAuthority(initialAuthority);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Restricts access to a function as defined by the connected Authority for this contract and the
     * caller and selector of the function that entered the contract.
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * In general, this modifier should only be used on `external` functions. It is okay to use it on `public`
     * functions that are used as external entry points and are not called internally. Unless you know what you're
     * doing, it should never be used on `internal` functions. Failure to follow these rules can have critical security
     * implications! This is because the permissions are determined by the function that entered the contract, i.e. the
     * function at the bottom of the call stack, and not the function where the modifier is visible in the source code.
     * ====
     *
     * [NOTE]
     * ====
     * Selector collisions are mitigated by scoping permissions per contract, but some edge cases must be considered:
     *
     * * If the https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/v0.8.20/contracts.html#receive-ether-function[`receive()`] function
     * is restricted, any other function with a `0x00000000` selector will share permissions with `receive()`.
     * * Similarly, if there's no `receive()` function but a `fallback()` instead, the fallback might be called with
     * empty `calldata`, sharing the `0x00000000` selector permissions as well.
     * * For any other selector, if the restricted function is set on an upgradeable contract, an upgrade may remove
     * the restricted function and replace it with a new method whose selector replaces the last one, keeping the
     * previous permissions.
     * ====
     */
    modifier restricted() {
        _checkCanCall(_msgSender(), _msgData());
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current authority.
     */
    function authority() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _authority;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers control to a new authority. The caller must be the current authority.
     */
    function setAuthority(address newAuthority) public virtual {
        address caller = _msgSender();
        if (caller != authority()) {
            revert AccessManagedUnauthorized(caller);
        }
        if (newAuthority.code.length == 0) {
            revert AccessManagedInvalidAuthority(newAuthority);
        }
        _setAuthority(newAuthority);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true only in the context of a delayed restricted call, at the moment that the scheduled operation is
     * being consumed. Prevents denial of service for delayed restricted calls in the case that the contract performs
     * attacker controlled calls.
     */
    function isConsumingScheduledOp() public view returns (bytes4) {
        return _consumingSchedule ? this.isConsumingScheduledOp.selector : bytes4(0);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers control to a new authority. Internal function with no access restriction. Allows bypassing the
     * permissions set by the current authority.
     */
    function _setAuthority(address newAuthority) internal virtual {
        _authority = newAuthority;
        emit AuthorityUpdated(newAuthority);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Reverts if the caller is not allowed to call the function identified by a selector.
     */
    function _checkCanCall(address caller, bytes calldata data) internal virtual {
        (bool immediate, uint32 delay) = AuthorityUtils.canCallWithDelay(
            authority(),
            caller,
            address(this),
            bytes4(data)
        );
        if (!immediate) {
            if (delay > 0) {
                _consumingSchedule = true;
                IAccessManager(authority()).consumeScheduledOp(caller, data);
                _consumingSchedule = false;
            } else {
                revert AccessManagedUnauthorized(caller);
            }
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IAuthority} from "./IAuthority.sol";

library AuthorityUtils {
    /**
     * @dev Since `AccessManager` implements an extended IAuthority interface, invoking `canCall` with backwards compatibility
     * for the preexisting `IAuthority` interface requires special care to avoid reverting on insufficient return data.
     * This helper function takes care of invoking `canCall` in a backwards compatible way without reverting.
     */
    function canCallWithDelay(
        address authority,
        address caller,
        address target,
        bytes4 selector
    ) internal view returns (bool immediate, uint32 delay) {
        (bool success, bytes memory data) = authority.staticcall(
            abi.encodeCall(IAuthority.canCall, (caller, target, selector))
        );
        if (success) {
            if (data.length >= 0x40) {
                (immediate, delay) = abi.decode(data, (bool, uint32));
            } else if (data.length >= 0x20) {
                immediate = abi.decode(data, (bool));
            }
        }
        return (immediate, delay);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

interface IAccessManaged {
    event AuthorityUpdated(address authority);

    error AccessManagedUnauthorized(address caller);
    error AccessManagedRequiredDelay(address caller, uint32 delay);
    error AccessManagedInvalidAuthority(address authority);

    function authority() external view returns (address);

    function setAuthority(address) external;

    function isConsumingScheduledOp() external view returns (bytes4);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IAccessManaged} from "./IAccessManaged.sol";
import {Time} from "../../utils/types/Time.sol";

interface IAccessManager {
    /**
     * @dev A delayed operation was scheduled.
     */
    event OperationScheduled(
        bytes32 indexed operationId,
        uint32 indexed nonce,
        uint48 schedule,
        address caller,
        address target,
        bytes data
    );

    /**
     * @dev A scheduled operation was executed.
     */
    event OperationExecuted(bytes32 indexed operationId, uint32 indexed nonce);

    /**
     * @dev A scheduled operation was canceled.
     */
    event OperationCanceled(bytes32 indexed operationId, uint32 indexed nonce);

    event RoleLabel(uint64 indexed roleId, string label);
    event RoleGranted(uint64 indexed roleId, address indexed account, uint32 delay, uint48 since, bool newMember);
    event RoleRevoked(uint64 indexed roleId, address indexed account);
    event RoleAdminChanged(uint64 indexed roleId, uint64 indexed admin);
    event RoleGuardianChanged(uint64 indexed roleId, uint64 indexed guardian);
    event RoleGrantDelayChanged(uint64 indexed roleId, uint32 delay, uint48 since);
    event TargetClosed(address indexed target, bool closed);
    event TargetFunctionRoleUpdated(address indexed target, bytes4 selector, uint64 indexed roleId);
    event TargetAdminDelayUpdated(address indexed target, uint32 delay, uint48 since);

    error AccessManagerAlreadyScheduled(bytes32 operationId);
    error AccessManagerNotScheduled(bytes32 operationId);
    error AccessManagerNotReady(bytes32 operationId);
    error AccessManagerExpired(bytes32 operationId);
    error AccessManagerLockedAccount(address account);
    error AccessManagerLockedRole(uint64 roleId);
    error AccessManagerBadConfirmation();
    error AccessManagerUnauthorizedAccount(address msgsender, uint64 roleId);
    error AccessManagerUnauthorizedCall(address caller, address target, bytes4 selector);
    error AccessManagerUnauthorizedConsume(address target);
    error AccessManagerUnauthorizedCancel(address msgsender, address caller, address target, bytes4 selector);
    error AccessManagerInvalidInitialAdmin(address initialAdmin);

    function canCall(
        address caller,
        address target,
        bytes4 selector
    ) external view returns (bool allowed, uint32 delay);

    function hashOperation(address caller, address target, bytes calldata data) external view returns (bytes32);

    function expiration() external view returns (uint32);

    function isTargetClosed(address target) external view returns (bool);

    function getTargetFunctionRole(address target, bytes4 selector) external view returns (uint64);

    function getTargetAdminDelay(address target) external view returns (uint32);

    function getRoleAdmin(uint64 roleId) external view returns (uint64);

    function getRoleGuardian(uint64 roleId) external view returns (uint64);

    function getRoleGrantDelay(uint64 roleId) external view returns (uint32);

    function getAccess(uint64 roleId, address account) external view returns (uint48, uint32, uint32, uint48);

    function hasRole(uint64 roleId, address account) external view returns (bool, uint32);

    function labelRole(uint64 roleId, string calldata label) external;

    function grantRole(uint64 roleId, address account, uint32 executionDelay) external;

    function revokeRole(uint64 roleId, address account) external;

    function renounceRole(uint64 roleId, address callerConfirmation) external;

    function setRoleAdmin(uint64 roleId, uint64 admin) external;

    function setRoleGuardian(uint64 roleId, uint64 guardian) external;

    function setGrantDelay(uint64 roleId, uint32 newDelay) external;

    function setTargetFunctionRole(address target, bytes4[] calldata selectors, uint64 roleId) external;

    function setTargetAdminDelay(address target, uint32 newDelay) external;

    function setTargetClosed(address target, bool closed) external;

    function getSchedule(bytes32 id) external view returns (uint48);

    function getNonce(bytes32 id) external view returns (uint32);

    function schedule(address target, bytes calldata data, uint48 when) external returns (bytes32, uint32);

    function execute(address target, bytes calldata data) external payable returns (uint32);

    function cancel(address caller, address target, bytes calldata data) external returns (uint32);

    function consumeScheduledOp(address caller, bytes calldata data) external;

    function updateAuthority(address target, address newAuthority) external;
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Standard interface for permissioning originally defined in Dappsys.
 */
interface IAuthority {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the caller can invoke on a target the function identified by a function selector.
     */
    function canCall(address caller, address target, bytes4 selector) external view returns (bool allowed);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (finance/VestingWallet.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20} from "../token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
import {SafeERC20} from "../token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol";
import {Address} from "../utils/Address.sol";
import {Context} from "../utils/Context.sol";
import {Ownable} from "../access/Ownable.sol";

/**
 * @dev A vesting wallet is an ownable contract that can receive native currency and ERC20 tokens, and release these
 * assets to the wallet owner, also referred to as "beneficiary", according to a vesting schedule.
 *
 * Any assets transferred to this contract will follow the vesting schedule as if they were locked from the beginning.
 * Consequently, if the vesting has already started, any amount of tokens sent to this contract will (at least partly)
 * be immediately releasable.
 *
 * By setting the duration to 0, one can configure this contract to behave like an asset timelock that hold tokens for
 * a beneficiary until a specified time.
 *
 * NOTE: Since the wallet is {Ownable}, and ownership can be transferred, it is possible to sell unvested tokens.
 * Preventing this in a smart contract is difficult, considering that: 1) a beneficiary address could be a
 * counterfactually deployed contract, 2) there is likely to be a migration path for EOAs to become contracts in the
 * near future.
 *
 * NOTE: When using this contract with any token whose balance is adjusted automatically (i.e. a rebase token), make
 * sure to account the supply/balance adjustment in the vesting schedule to ensure the vested amount is as intended.
 */
contract VestingWallet is Context, Ownable {
    event EtherReleased(uint256 amount);
    event ERC20Released(address indexed token, uint256 amount);

    uint256 private _released;
    mapping(address token => uint256) private _erc20Released;
    uint64 private immutable _start;
    uint64 private immutable _duration;

    /**
     * @dev Sets the sender as the initial owner, the beneficiary as the pending owner, the start timestamp and the
     * vesting duration of the vesting wallet.
     */
    constructor(address beneficiary, uint64 startTimestamp, uint64 durationSeconds) payable Ownable(beneficiary) {
        _start = startTimestamp;
        _duration = durationSeconds;
    }

    /**
     * @dev The contract should be able to receive Eth.
     */
    receive() external payable virtual {}

    /**
     * @dev Getter for the start timestamp.
     */
    function start() public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _start;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Getter for the vesting duration.
     */
    function duration() public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _duration;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Getter for the end timestamp.
     */
    function end() public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return start() + duration();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Amount of eth already released
     */
    function released() public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _released;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Amount of token already released
     */
    function released(address token) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _erc20Released[token];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Getter for the amount of releasable eth.
     */
    function releasable() public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return vestedAmount(uint64(block.timestamp)) - released();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Getter for the amount of releasable `token` tokens. `token` should be the address of an
     * IERC20 contract.
     */
    function releasable(address token) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return vestedAmount(token, uint64(block.timestamp)) - released(token);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Release the native token (ether) that have already vested.
     *
     * Emits a {EtherReleased} event.
     */
    function release() public virtual {
        uint256 amount = releasable();
        _released += amount;
        emit EtherReleased(amount);
        Address.sendValue(payable(owner()), amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Release the tokens that have already vested.
     *
     * Emits a {ERC20Released} event.
     */
    function release(address token) public virtual {
        uint256 amount = releasable(token);
        _erc20Released[token] += amount;
        emit ERC20Released(token, amount);
        SafeERC20.safeTransfer(IERC20(token), owner(), amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Calculates the amount of ether that has already vested. Default implementation is a linear vesting curve.
     */
    function vestedAmount(uint64 timestamp) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _vestingSchedule(address(this).balance + released(), timestamp);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Calculates the amount of tokens that has already vested. Default implementation is a linear vesting curve.
     */
    function vestedAmount(address token, uint64 timestamp) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _vestingSchedule(IERC20(token).balanceOf(address(this)) + released(token), timestamp);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Virtual implementation of the vesting formula. This returns the amount vested, as a function of time, for
     * an asset given its total historical allocation.
     */
    function _vestingSchedule(uint256 totalAllocation, uint64 timestamp) internal view virtual returns (uint256) {
        if (timestamp < start()) {
            return 0;
        } else if (timestamp >= end()) {
            return totalAllocation;
        } else {
            return (totalAllocation * (timestamp - start())) / duration();
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (governance/IGovernor.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC165} from "../interfaces/IERC165.sol";
import {IERC6372} from "../interfaces/IERC6372.sol";

/**
 * @dev Interface of the {Governor} core.
 */
interface IGovernor is IERC165, IERC6372 {
    enum ProposalState {
        Pending,
        Active,
        Canceled,
        Defeated,
        Succeeded,
        Queued,
        Expired,
        Executed
    }

    /**
     * @dev Empty proposal or a mismatch between the parameters length for a proposal call.
     */
    error GovernorInvalidProposalLength(uint256 targets, uint256 calldatas, uint256 values);

    /**
     * @dev The vote was already cast.
     */
    error GovernorAlreadyCastVote(address voter);

    /**
     * @dev Token deposits are disabled in this contract.
     */
    error GovernorDisabledDeposit();

    /**
     * @dev The `account` is not a proposer.
     */
    error GovernorOnlyProposer(address account);

    /**
     * @dev The `account` is not the governance executor.
     */
    error GovernorOnlyExecutor(address account);

    /**
     * @dev The `proposalId` doesn't exist.
     */
    error GovernorNonexistentProposal(uint256 proposalId);

    /**
     * @dev The current state of a proposal is not the required for performing an operation.
     * The `expectedStates` is a bitmap with the bits enabled for each ProposalState enum position
     * counting from right to left.
     *
     * NOTE: If `expectedState` is `bytes32(0)`, the proposal is expected to not be in any state (i.e. not exist).
     * This is the case when a proposal that is expected to be unset is already initiated (the proposal is duplicated).
     *
     * See {Governor-_encodeStateBitmap}.
     */
    error GovernorUnexpectedProposalState(uint256 proposalId, ProposalState current, bytes32 expectedStates);

    /**
     * @dev The voting period set is not a valid period.
     */
    error GovernorInvalidVotingPeriod(uint256 votingPeriod);

    /**
     * @dev The `proposer` does not have the required votes to create a proposal.
     */
    error GovernorInsufficientProposerVotes(address proposer, uint256 votes, uint256 threshold);

    /**
     * @dev The `proposer` is not allowed to create a proposal.
     */
    error GovernorRestrictedProposer(address proposer);

    /**
     * @dev The vote type used is not valid for the corresponding counting module.
     */
    error GovernorInvalidVoteType();

    /**
     * @dev Queue operation is not implemented for this governor. Execute should be called directly.
     */
    error GovernorQueueNotImplemented();

    /**
     * @dev The proposal hasn't been queued yet.
     */
    error GovernorNotQueuedProposal(uint256 proposalId);

    /**
     * @dev The proposal has already been queued.
     */
    error GovernorAlreadyQueuedProposal(uint256 proposalId);

    /**
     * @dev The provided signature is not valid for the expected `voter`.
     * If the `voter` is a contract, the signature is not valid using {IERC1271-isValidSignature}.
     */
    error GovernorInvalidSignature(address voter);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when a proposal is created.
     */
    event ProposalCreated(
        uint256 proposalId,
        address proposer,
        address[] targets,
        uint256[] values,
        string[] signatures,
        bytes[] calldatas,
        uint256 voteStart,
        uint256 voteEnd,
        string description
    );

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when a proposal is queued.
     */
    event ProposalQueued(uint256 proposalId, uint256 etaSeconds);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when a proposal is executed.
     */
    event ProposalExecuted(uint256 proposalId);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when a proposal is canceled.
     */
    event ProposalCanceled(uint256 proposalId);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when a vote is cast without params.
     *
     * Note: `support` values should be seen as buckets. Their interpretation depends on the voting module used.
     */
    event VoteCast(address indexed voter, uint256 proposalId, uint8 support, uint256 weight, string reason);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when a vote is cast with params.
     *
     * Note: `support` values should be seen as buckets. Their interpretation depends on the voting module used.
     * `params` are additional encoded parameters. Their interpepretation also depends on the voting module used.
     */
    event VoteCastWithParams(
        address indexed voter,
        uint256 proposalId,
        uint8 support,
        uint256 weight,
        string reason,
        bytes params
    );

    /**
     * @notice module:core
     * @dev Name of the governor instance (used in building the ERC712 domain separator).
     */
    function name() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @notice module:core
     * @dev Version of the governor instance (used in building the ERC712 domain separator). Default: "1"
     */
    function version() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @notice module:voting
     * @dev A description of the possible `support` values for {castVote} and the way these votes are counted, meant to
     * be consumed by UIs to show correct vote options and interpret the results. The string is a URL-encoded sequence of
     * key-value pairs that each describe one aspect, for example `support=bravo&quorum=for,abstain`.
     *
     * There are 2 standard keys: `support` and `quorum`.
     *
     * - `support=bravo` refers to the vote options 0 = Against, 1 = For, 2 = Abstain, as in `GovernorBravo`.
     * - `quorum=bravo` means that only For votes are counted towards quorum.
     * - `quorum=for,abstain` means that both For and Abstain votes are counted towards quorum.
     *
     * If a counting module makes use of encoded `params`, it should  include this under a `params` key with a unique
     * name that describes the behavior. For example:
     *
     * - `params=fractional` might refer to a scheme where votes are divided fractionally between for/against/abstain.
     * - `params=erc721` might refer to a scheme where specific NFTs are delegated to vote.
     *
     * NOTE: The string can be decoded by the standard
     * https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/URLSearchParams[`URLSearchParams`]
     * JavaScript class.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function COUNTING_MODE() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @notice module:core
     * @dev Hashing function used to (re)build the proposal id from the proposal details..
     */
    function hashProposal(
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 descriptionHash
    ) external pure returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice module:core
     * @dev Current state of a proposal, following Compound's convention
     */
    function state(uint256 proposalId) external view returns (ProposalState);

    /**
     * @notice module:core
     * @dev The number of votes required in order for a voter to become a proposer.
     */
    function proposalThreshold() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice module:core
     * @dev Timepoint used to retrieve user's votes and quorum. If using block number (as per Compound's Comp), the
     * snapshot is performed at the end of this block. Hence, voting for this proposal starts at the beginning of the
     * following block.
     */
    function proposalSnapshot(uint256 proposalId) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice module:core
     * @dev Timepoint at which votes close. If using block number, votes close at the end of this block, so it is
     * possible to cast a vote during this block.
     */
    function proposalDeadline(uint256 proposalId) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice module:core
     * @dev The account that created a proposal.
     */
    function proposalProposer(uint256 proposalId) external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @notice module:core
     * @dev The time when a queued proposal becomes executable ("ETA"). Unlike {proposalSnapshot} and
     * {proposalDeadline}, this doesn't use the governor clock, and instead relies on the executor's clock which may be
     * different. In most cases this will be a timestamp.
     */
    function proposalEta(uint256 proposalId) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice module:core
     * @dev Whether a proposal needs to be queued before execution.
     */
    function proposalNeedsQueuing(uint256 proposalId) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @notice module:user-config
     * @dev Delay, between the proposal is created and the vote starts. The unit this duration is expressed in depends
     * on the clock (see EIP-6372) this contract uses.
     *
     * This can be increased to leave time for users to buy voting power, or delegate it, before the voting of a
     * proposal starts.
     *
     * NOTE: While this interface returns a uint256, timepoints are stored as uint48 following the ERC-6372 clock type.
     * Consequently this value must fit in a uint48 (when added to the current clock). See {IERC6372-clock}.
     */
    function votingDelay() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice module:user-config
     * @dev Delay between the vote start and vote end. The unit this duration is expressed in depends on the clock
     * (see EIP-6372) this contract uses.
     *
     * NOTE: The {votingDelay} can delay the start of the vote. This must be considered when setting the voting
     * duration compared to the voting delay.
     *
     * NOTE: This value is stored when the proposal is submitted so that possible changes to the value do not affect
     * proposals that have already been submitted. The type used to save it is a uint32. Consequently, while this
     * interface returns a uint256, the value it returns should fit in a uint32.
     */
    function votingPeriod() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice module:user-config
     * @dev Minimum number of cast voted required for a proposal to be successful.
     *
     * NOTE: The `timepoint` parameter corresponds to the snapshot used for counting vote. This allows to scale the
     * quorum depending on values such as the totalSupply of a token at this timepoint (see {ERC20Votes}).
     */
    function quorum(uint256 timepoint) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice module:reputation
     * @dev Voting power of an `account` at a specific `timepoint`.
     *
     * Note: this can be implemented in a number of ways, for example by reading the delegated balance from one (or
     * multiple), {ERC20Votes} tokens.
     */
    function getVotes(address account, uint256 timepoint) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice module:reputation
     * @dev Voting power of an `account` at a specific `timepoint` given additional encoded parameters.
     */
    function getVotesWithParams(
        address account,
        uint256 timepoint,
        bytes memory params
    ) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice module:voting
     * @dev Returns whether `account` has cast a vote on `proposalId`.
     */
    function hasVoted(uint256 proposalId, address account) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Create a new proposal. Vote start after a delay specified by {IGovernor-votingDelay} and lasts for a
     * duration specified by {IGovernor-votingPeriod}.
     *
     * Emits a {ProposalCreated} event.
     */
    function propose(
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        string memory description
    ) external returns (uint256 proposalId);

    /**
     * @dev Queue a proposal. Some governors require this step to be performed before execution can happen. If queuing
     * is not necessary, this function may revert.
     * Queuing a proposal requires the quorum to be reached, the vote to be successful, and the deadline to be reached.
     *
     * Emits a {ProposalQueued} event.
     */
    function queue(
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 descriptionHash
    ) external returns (uint256 proposalId);

    /**
     * @dev Execute a successful proposal. This requires the quorum to be reached, the vote to be successful, and the
     * deadline to be reached. Depending on the governor it might also be required that the proposal was queued and
     * that some delay passed.
     *
     * Emits a {ProposalExecuted} event.
     *
     * NOTE: Some modules can modify the requirements for execution, for example by adding an additional timelock.
     */
    function execute(
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 descriptionHash
    ) external payable returns (uint256 proposalId);

    /**
     * @dev Cancel a proposal. A proposal is cancellable by the proposer, but only while it is Pending state, i.e.
     * before the vote starts.
     *
     * Emits a {ProposalCanceled} event.
     */
    function cancel(
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 descriptionHash
    ) external returns (uint256 proposalId);

    /**
     * @dev Cast a vote
     *
     * Emits a {VoteCast} event.
     */
    function castVote(uint256 proposalId, uint8 support) external returns (uint256 balance);

    /**
     * @dev Cast a vote with a reason
     *
     * Emits a {VoteCast} event.
     */
    function castVoteWithReason(
        uint256 proposalId,
        uint8 support,
        string calldata reason
    ) external returns (uint256 balance);

    /**
     * @dev Cast a vote with a reason and additional encoded parameters
     *
     * Emits a {VoteCast} or {VoteCastWithParams} event depending on the length of params.
     */
    function castVoteWithReasonAndParams(
        uint256 proposalId,
        uint8 support,
        string calldata reason,
        bytes memory params
    ) external returns (uint256 balance);

    /**
     * @dev Cast a vote using the voter's signature, including ERC-1271 signature support.
     *
     * Emits a {VoteCast} event.
     */
    function castVoteBySig(
        uint256 proposalId,
        uint8 support,
        address voter,
        bytes memory signature
    ) external returns (uint256 balance);

    /**
     * @dev Cast a vote with a reason and additional encoded parameters using the voter's signature,
     * including ERC-1271 signature support.
     *
     * Emits a {VoteCast} or {VoteCastWithParams} event depending on the length of params.
     */
    function castVoteWithReasonAndParamsBySig(
        uint256 proposalId,
        uint8 support,
        address voter,
        string calldata reason,
        bytes memory params,
        bytes memory signature
    ) external returns (uint256 balance);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (governance/TimelockController.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {AccessControl} from "../access/AccessControl.sol";
import {ERC721Holder} from "../token/ERC721/utils/ERC721Holder.sol";
import {ERC1155Holder} from "../token/ERC1155/utils/ERC1155Holder.sol";
import {Address} from "../utils/Address.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module which acts as a timelocked controller. When set as the
 * owner of an `Ownable` smart contract, it enforces a timelock on all
 * `onlyOwner` maintenance operations. This gives time for users of the
 * controlled contract to exit before a potentially dangerous maintenance
 * operation is applied.
 *
 * By default, this contract is self administered, meaning administration tasks
 * have to go through the timelock process. The proposer (resp executor) role
 * is in charge of proposing (resp executing) operations. A common use case is
 * to position this {TimelockController} as the owner of a smart contract, with
 * a multisig or a DAO as the sole proposer.
 */
contract TimelockController is AccessControl, ERC721Holder, ERC1155Holder {
    bytes32 public constant PROPOSER_ROLE = keccak256("PROPOSER_ROLE");
    bytes32 public constant EXECUTOR_ROLE = keccak256("EXECUTOR_ROLE");
    bytes32 public constant CANCELLER_ROLE = keccak256("CANCELLER_ROLE");
    uint256 internal constant _DONE_TIMESTAMP = uint256(1);

    mapping(bytes32 id => uint256) private _timestamps;
    uint256 private _minDelay;

    enum OperationState {
        Unset,
        Waiting,
        Ready,
        Done
    }

    /**
     * @dev Mismatch between the parameters length for an operation call.
     */
    error TimelockInvalidOperationLength(uint256 targets, uint256 payloads, uint256 values);

    /**
     * @dev The schedule operation doesn't meet the minimum delay.
     */
    error TimelockInsufficientDelay(uint256 delay, uint256 minDelay);

    /**
     * @dev The current state of an operation is not as required.
     * The `expectedStates` is a bitmap with the bits enabled for each OperationState enum position
     * counting from right to left.
     *
     * See {_encodeStateBitmap}.
     */
    error TimelockUnexpectedOperationState(bytes32 operationId, bytes32 expectedStates);

    /**
     * @dev The predecessor to an operation not yet done.
     */
    error TimelockUnexecutedPredecessor(bytes32 predecessorId);

    /**
     * @dev The caller account is not authorized.
     */
    error TimelockUnauthorizedCaller(address caller);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when a call is scheduled as part of operation `id`.
     */
    event CallScheduled(
        bytes32 indexed id,
        uint256 indexed index,
        address target,
        uint256 value,
        bytes data,
        bytes32 predecessor,
        uint256 delay
    );

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when a call is performed as part of operation `id`.
     */
    event CallExecuted(bytes32 indexed id, uint256 indexed index, address target, uint256 value, bytes data);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when new proposal is scheduled with non-zero salt.
     */
    event CallSalt(bytes32 indexed id, bytes32 salt);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when operation `id` is cancelled.
     */
    event Cancelled(bytes32 indexed id);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the minimum delay for future operations is modified.
     */
    event MinDelayChange(uint256 oldDuration, uint256 newDuration);

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract with the following parameters:
     *
     * - `minDelay`: initial minimum delay in seconds for operations
     * - `proposers`: accounts to be granted proposer and canceller roles
     * - `executors`: accounts to be granted executor role
     * - `admin`: optional account to be granted admin role; disable with zero address
     *
     * IMPORTANT: The optional admin can aid with initial configuration of roles after deployment
     * without being subject to delay, but this role should be subsequently renounced in favor of
     * administration through timelocked proposals. Previous versions of this contract would assign
     * this admin to the deployer automatically and should be renounced as well.
     */
    constructor(uint256 minDelay, address[] memory proposers, address[] memory executors, address admin) {
        // self administration
        _grantRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE, address(this));

        // optional admin
        if (admin != address(0)) {
            _grantRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE, admin);
        }

        // register proposers and cancellers
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < proposers.length; ++i) {
            _grantRole(PROPOSER_ROLE, proposers[i]);
            _grantRole(CANCELLER_ROLE, proposers[i]);
        }

        // register executors
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < executors.length; ++i) {
            _grantRole(EXECUTOR_ROLE, executors[i]);
        }

        _minDelay = minDelay;
        emit MinDelayChange(0, minDelay);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to make a function callable only by a certain role. In
     * addition to checking the sender's role, `address(0)` 's role is also
     * considered. Granting a role to `address(0)` is equivalent to enabling
     * this role for everyone.
     */
    modifier onlyRoleOrOpenRole(bytes32 role) {
        if (!hasRole(role, address(0))) {
            _checkRole(role, _msgSender());
        }
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Contract might receive/hold ETH as part of the maintenance process.
     */
    receive() external payable {}

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(
        bytes4 interfaceId
    ) public view virtual override(AccessControl, ERC1155Holder) returns (bool) {
        return super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether an id corresponds to a registered operation. This
     * includes both Waiting, Ready, and Done operations.
     */
    function isOperation(bytes32 id) public view returns (bool) {
        return getOperationState(id) != OperationState.Unset;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether an operation is pending or not. Note that a "pending" operation may also be "ready".
     */
    function isOperationPending(bytes32 id) public view returns (bool) {
        OperationState state = getOperationState(id);
        return state == OperationState.Waiting || state == OperationState.Ready;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether an operation is ready for execution. Note that a "ready" operation is also "pending".
     */
    function isOperationReady(bytes32 id) public view returns (bool) {
        return getOperationState(id) == OperationState.Ready;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether an operation is done or not.
     */
    function isOperationDone(bytes32 id) public view returns (bool) {
        return getOperationState(id) == OperationState.Done;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the timestamp at which an operation becomes ready (0 for
     * unset operations, 1 for done operations).
     */
    function getTimestamp(bytes32 id) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _timestamps[id];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns operation state.
     */
    function getOperationState(bytes32 id) public view virtual returns (OperationState) {
        uint256 timestamp = getTimestamp(id);
        if (timestamp == 0) {
            return OperationState.Unset;
        } else if (timestamp == _DONE_TIMESTAMP) {
            return OperationState.Done;
        } else if (timestamp > block.timestamp) {
            return OperationState.Waiting;
        } else {
            return OperationState.Ready;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the minimum delay in seconds for an operation to become valid.
     *
     * This value can be changed by executing an operation that calls `updateDelay`.
     */
    function getMinDelay() public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _minDelay;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the identifier of an operation containing a single
     * transaction.
     */
    function hashOperation(
        address target,
        uint256 value,
        bytes calldata data,
        bytes32 predecessor,
        bytes32 salt
    ) public pure virtual returns (bytes32) {
        return keccak256(abi.encode(target, value, data, predecessor, salt));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the identifier of an operation containing a batch of
     * transactions.
     */
    function hashOperationBatch(
        address[] calldata targets,
        uint256[] calldata values,
        bytes[] calldata payloads,
        bytes32 predecessor,
        bytes32 salt
    ) public pure virtual returns (bytes32) {
        return keccak256(abi.encode(targets, values, payloads, predecessor, salt));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Schedule an operation containing a single transaction.
     *
     * Emits {CallSalt} if salt is nonzero, and {CallScheduled}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have the 'proposer' role.
     */
    function schedule(
        address target,
        uint256 value,
        bytes calldata data,
        bytes32 predecessor,
        bytes32 salt,
        uint256 delay
    ) public virtual onlyRole(PROPOSER_ROLE) {
        bytes32 id = hashOperation(target, value, data, predecessor, salt);
        _schedule(id, delay);
        emit CallScheduled(id, 0, target, value, data, predecessor, delay);
        if (salt != bytes32(0)) {
            emit CallSalt(id, salt);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Schedule an operation containing a batch of transactions.
     *
     * Emits {CallSalt} if salt is nonzero, and one {CallScheduled} event per transaction in the batch.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have the 'proposer' role.
     */
    function scheduleBatch(
        address[] calldata targets,
        uint256[] calldata values,
        bytes[] calldata payloads,
        bytes32 predecessor,
        bytes32 salt,
        uint256 delay
    ) public virtual onlyRole(PROPOSER_ROLE) {
        if (targets.length != values.length || targets.length != payloads.length) {
            revert TimelockInvalidOperationLength(targets.length, payloads.length, values.length);
        }

        bytes32 id = hashOperationBatch(targets, values, payloads, predecessor, salt);
        _schedule(id, delay);
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < targets.length; ++i) {
            emit CallScheduled(id, i, targets[i], values[i], payloads[i], predecessor, delay);
        }
        if (salt != bytes32(0)) {
            emit CallSalt(id, salt);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Schedule an operation that is to become valid after a given delay.
     */
    function _schedule(bytes32 id, uint256 delay) private {
        if (isOperation(id)) {
            revert TimelockUnexpectedOperationState(id, _encodeStateBitmap(OperationState.Unset));
        }
        uint256 minDelay = getMinDelay();
        if (delay < minDelay) {
            revert TimelockInsufficientDelay(delay, minDelay);
        }
        _timestamps[id] = block.timestamp + delay;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Cancel an operation.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have the 'canceller' role.
     */
    function cancel(bytes32 id) public virtual onlyRole(CANCELLER_ROLE) {
        if (!isOperationPending(id)) {
            revert TimelockUnexpectedOperationState(
                id,
                _encodeStateBitmap(OperationState.Waiting) | _encodeStateBitmap(OperationState.Ready)
            );
        }
        delete _timestamps[id];

        emit Cancelled(id);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Execute an (ready) operation containing a single transaction.
     *
     * Emits a {CallExecuted} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have the 'executor' role.
     */
    // This function can reenter, but it doesn't pose a risk because _afterCall checks that the proposal is pending,
    // thus any modifications to the operation during reentrancy should be caught.
    // slither-disable-next-line reentrancy-eth
    function execute(
        address target,
        uint256 value,
        bytes calldata payload,
        bytes32 predecessor,
        bytes32 salt
    ) public payable virtual onlyRoleOrOpenRole(EXECUTOR_ROLE) {
        bytes32 id = hashOperation(target, value, payload, predecessor, salt);

        _beforeCall(id, predecessor);
        _execute(target, value, payload);
        emit CallExecuted(id, 0, target, value, payload);
        _afterCall(id);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Execute an (ready) operation containing a batch of transactions.
     *
     * Emits one {CallExecuted} event per transaction in the batch.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have the 'executor' role.
     */
    // This function can reenter, but it doesn't pose a risk because _afterCall checks that the proposal is pending,
    // thus any modifications to the operation during reentrancy should be caught.
    // slither-disable-next-line reentrancy-eth
    function executeBatch(
        address[] calldata targets,
        uint256[] calldata values,
        bytes[] calldata payloads,
        bytes32 predecessor,
        bytes32 salt
    ) public payable virtual onlyRoleOrOpenRole(EXECUTOR_ROLE) {
        if (targets.length != values.length || targets.length != payloads.length) {
            revert TimelockInvalidOperationLength(targets.length, payloads.length, values.length);
        }

        bytes32 id = hashOperationBatch(targets, values, payloads, predecessor, salt);

        _beforeCall(id, predecessor);
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < targets.length; ++i) {
            address target = targets[i];
            uint256 value = values[i];
            bytes calldata payload = payloads[i];
            _execute(target, value, payload);
            emit CallExecuted(id, i, target, value, payload);
        }
        _afterCall(id);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Execute an operation's call.
     */
    function _execute(address target, uint256 value, bytes calldata data) internal virtual {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
        Address.verifyCallResult(success, returndata);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Checks before execution of an operation's calls.
     */
    function _beforeCall(bytes32 id, bytes32 predecessor) private view {
        if (!isOperationReady(id)) {
            revert TimelockUnexpectedOperationState(id, _encodeStateBitmap(OperationState.Ready));
        }
        if (predecessor != bytes32(0) && !isOperationDone(predecessor)) {
            revert TimelockUnexecutedPredecessor(predecessor);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Checks after execution of an operation's calls.
     */
    function _afterCall(bytes32 id) private {
        if (!isOperationReady(id)) {
            revert TimelockUnexpectedOperationState(id, _encodeStateBitmap(OperationState.Ready));
        }
        _timestamps[id] = _DONE_TIMESTAMP;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Changes the minimum timelock duration for future operations.
     *
     * Emits a {MinDelayChange} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must be the timelock itself. This can only be achieved by scheduling and later executing
     * an operation where the timelock is the target and the data is the ABI-encoded call to this function.
     */
    function updateDelay(uint256 newDelay) external virtual {
        address sender = _msgSender();
        if (sender != address(this)) {
            revert TimelockUnauthorizedCaller(sender);
        }
        emit MinDelayChange(_minDelay, newDelay);
        _minDelay = newDelay;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Encodes a `OperationState` into a `bytes32` representation where each bit enabled corresponds to
     * the underlying position in the `OperationState` enum. For example:
     *
     * 0x000...1000
     *   ^^^^^^----- ...
     *         ^---- Done
     *          ^--- Ready
     *           ^-- Waiting
     *            ^- Unset
     */
    function _encodeStateBitmap(OperationState operationState) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return bytes32(1 << uint8(operationState));
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (governance/extensions/GovernorCountingSimple.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Governor} from "../Governor.sol";

/**
 * @dev Extension of {Governor} for simple, 3 options, vote counting.
 */
abstract contract GovernorCountingSimple is Governor {
    /**
     * @dev Supported vote types. Matches Governor Bravo ordering.
     */
    enum VoteType {
        Against,
        For,
        Abstain
    }

    struct ProposalVote {
        uint256 againstVotes;
        uint256 forVotes;
        uint256 abstainVotes;
        mapping(address voter => bool) hasVoted;
    }

    mapping(uint256 proposalId => ProposalVote) private _proposalVotes;

    /**
     * @dev See {IGovernor-COUNTING_MODE}.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function COUNTING_MODE() public pure virtual override returns (string memory) {
        return "support=bravo&quorum=for,abstain";
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IGovernor-hasVoted}.
     */
    function hasVoted(uint256 proposalId, address account) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return _proposalVotes[proposalId].hasVoted[account];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Accessor to the internal vote counts.
     */
    function proposalVotes(
        uint256 proposalId
    ) public view virtual returns (uint256 againstVotes, uint256 forVotes, uint256 abstainVotes) {
        ProposalVote storage proposalVote = _proposalVotes[proposalId];
        return (proposalVote.againstVotes, proposalVote.forVotes, proposalVote.abstainVotes);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {Governor-_quorumReached}.
     */
    function _quorumReached(uint256 proposalId) internal view virtual override returns (bool) {
        ProposalVote storage proposalVote = _proposalVotes[proposalId];

        return quorum(proposalSnapshot(proposalId)) <= proposalVote.forVotes + proposalVote.abstainVotes;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {Governor-_voteSucceeded}. In this module, the forVotes must be strictly over the againstVotes.
     */
    function _voteSucceeded(uint256 proposalId) internal view virtual override returns (bool) {
        ProposalVote storage proposalVote = _proposalVotes[proposalId];

        return proposalVote.forVotes > proposalVote.againstVotes;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {Governor-_countVote}. In this module, the support follows the `VoteType` enum (from Governor Bravo).
     */
    function _countVote(
        uint256 proposalId,
        address account,
        uint8 support,
        uint256 weight,
        bytes memory // params
    ) internal virtual override {
        ProposalVote storage proposalVote = _proposalVotes[proposalId];

        if (proposalVote.hasVoted[account]) {
            revert GovernorAlreadyCastVote(account);
        }
        proposalVote.hasVoted[account] = true;

        if (support == uint8(VoteType.Against)) {
            proposalVote.againstVotes += weight;
        } else if (support == uint8(VoteType.For)) {
            proposalVote.forVotes += weight;
        } else if (support == uint8(VoteType.Abstain)) {
            proposalVote.abstainVotes += weight;
        } else {
            revert GovernorInvalidVoteType();
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (governance/extensions/GovernorPreventLateQuorum.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Governor} from "../Governor.sol";
import {Math} from "../../utils/math/Math.sol";

/**
 * @dev A module that ensures there is a minimum voting period after quorum is reached. This prevents a large voter from
 * swaying a vote and triggering quorum at the last minute, by ensuring there is always time for other voters to react
 * and try to oppose the decision.
 *
 * If a vote causes quorum to be reached, the proposal's voting period may be extended so that it does not end before at
 * least a specified time has passed (the "vote extension" parameter). This parameter can be set through a governance
 * proposal.
 */
abstract contract GovernorPreventLateQuorum is Governor {
    uint48 private _voteExtension;

    mapping(uint256 proposalId => uint48) private _extendedDeadlines;

    /// @dev Emitted when a proposal deadline is pushed back due to reaching quorum late in its voting period.
    event ProposalExtended(uint256 indexed proposalId, uint64 extendedDeadline);

    /// @dev Emitted when the {lateQuorumVoteExtension} parameter is changed.
    event LateQuorumVoteExtensionSet(uint64 oldVoteExtension, uint64 newVoteExtension);

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the vote extension parameter: the time in either number of blocks or seconds (depending on the
     * governor clock mode) that is required to pass since the moment a proposal reaches quorum until its voting period
     * ends. If necessary the voting period will be extended beyond the one set during proposal creation.
     */
    constructor(uint48 initialVoteExtension) {
        _setLateQuorumVoteExtension(initialVoteExtension);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the proposal deadline, which may have been extended beyond that set at proposal creation, if the
     * proposal reached quorum late in the voting period. See {Governor-proposalDeadline}.
     */
    function proposalDeadline(uint256 proposalId) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        return Math.max(super.proposalDeadline(proposalId), _extendedDeadlines[proposalId]);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Casts a vote and detects if it caused quorum to be reached, potentially extending the voting period. See
     * {Governor-_castVote}.
     *
     * May emit a {ProposalExtended} event.
     */
    function _castVote(
        uint256 proposalId,
        address account,
        uint8 support,
        string memory reason,
        bytes memory params
    ) internal virtual override returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = super._castVote(proposalId, account, support, reason, params);

        if (_extendedDeadlines[proposalId] == 0 && _quorumReached(proposalId)) {
            uint48 extendedDeadline = clock() + lateQuorumVoteExtension();

            if (extendedDeadline > proposalDeadline(proposalId)) {
                emit ProposalExtended(proposalId, extendedDeadline);
            }

            _extendedDeadlines[proposalId] = extendedDeadline;
        }

        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current value of the vote extension parameter: the number of blocks that are required to pass
     * from the time a proposal reaches quorum until its voting period ends.
     */
    function lateQuorumVoteExtension() public view virtual returns (uint48) {
        return _voteExtension;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Changes the {lateQuorumVoteExtension}. This operation can only be performed by the governance executor,
     * generally through a governance proposal.
     *
     * Emits a {LateQuorumVoteExtensionSet} event.
     */
    function setLateQuorumVoteExtension(uint48 newVoteExtension) public virtual onlyGovernance {
        _setLateQuorumVoteExtension(newVoteExtension);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Changes the {lateQuorumVoteExtension}. This is an internal function that can be exposed in a public function
     * like {setLateQuorumVoteExtension} if another access control mechanism is needed.
     *
     * Emits a {LateQuorumVoteExtensionSet} event.
     */
    function _setLateQuorumVoteExtension(uint48 newVoteExtension) internal virtual {
        emit LateQuorumVoteExtensionSet(_voteExtension, newVoteExtension);
        _voteExtension = newVoteExtension;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (governance/extensions/GovernorSettings.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Governor} from "../Governor.sol";

/**
 * @dev Extension of {Governor} for settings updatable through governance.
 */
abstract contract GovernorSettings is Governor {
    // amount of token
    uint256 private _proposalThreshold;
    // timepoint: limited to uint48 in core (same as clock() type)
    uint48 private _votingDelay;
    // duration: limited to uint32 in core
    uint32 private _votingPeriod;

    event VotingDelaySet(uint256 oldVotingDelay, uint256 newVotingDelay);
    event VotingPeriodSet(uint256 oldVotingPeriod, uint256 newVotingPeriod);
    event ProposalThresholdSet(uint256 oldProposalThreshold, uint256 newProposalThreshold);

    /**
     * @dev Initialize the governance parameters.
     */
    constructor(uint48 initialVotingDelay, uint32 initialVotingPeriod, uint256 initialProposalThreshold) {
        _setVotingDelay(initialVotingDelay);
        _setVotingPeriod(initialVotingPeriod);
        _setProposalThreshold(initialProposalThreshold);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IGovernor-votingDelay}.
     */
    function votingDelay() public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        return _votingDelay;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IGovernor-votingPeriod}.
     */
    function votingPeriod() public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        return _votingPeriod;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {Governor-proposalThreshold}.
     */
    function proposalThreshold() public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        return _proposalThreshold;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Update the voting delay. This operation can only be performed through a governance proposal.
     *
     * Emits a {VotingDelaySet} event.
     */
    function setVotingDelay(uint48 newVotingDelay) public virtual onlyGovernance {
        _setVotingDelay(newVotingDelay);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Update the voting period. This operation can only be performed through a governance proposal.
     *
     * Emits a {VotingPeriodSet} event.
     */
    function setVotingPeriod(uint32 newVotingPeriod) public virtual onlyGovernance {
        _setVotingPeriod(newVotingPeriod);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Update the proposal threshold. This operation can only be performed through a governance proposal.
     *
     * Emits a {ProposalThresholdSet} event.
     */
    function setProposalThreshold(uint256 newProposalThreshold) public virtual onlyGovernance {
        _setProposalThreshold(newProposalThreshold);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal setter for the voting delay.
     *
     * Emits a {VotingDelaySet} event.
     */
    function _setVotingDelay(uint48 newVotingDelay) internal virtual {
        emit VotingDelaySet(_votingDelay, newVotingDelay);
        _votingDelay = newVotingDelay;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal setter for the voting period.
     *
     * Emits a {VotingPeriodSet} event.
     */
    function _setVotingPeriod(uint32 newVotingPeriod) internal virtual {
        if (newVotingPeriod == 0) {
            revert GovernorInvalidVotingPeriod(0);
        }
        emit VotingPeriodSet(_votingPeriod, newVotingPeriod);
        _votingPeriod = newVotingPeriod;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal setter for the proposal threshold.
     *
     * Emits a {ProposalThresholdSet} event.
     */
    function _setProposalThreshold(uint256 newProposalThreshold) internal virtual {
        emit ProposalThresholdSet(_proposalThreshold, newProposalThreshold);
        _proposalThreshold = newProposalThreshold;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Governor} from "../Governor.sol";

/**
 * @dev Extension of {Governor} that implements storage of proposal details. This modules also provides primitives for
 * the enumerability of proposals.
 *
 * Use cases for this module include:
 * - UIs that explore the proposal state without relying on event indexing.
 * - Using only the proposalId as an argument in the {Governor-queue} and {Governor-execute} functions for L2 chains
 *   where storage is cheap compared to calldata.
 */
abstract contract GovernorStorage is Governor {
    struct ProposalDetails {
        address[] targets;
        uint256[] values;
        bytes[] calldatas;
        bytes32 descriptionHash;
    }

    uint256[] private _proposalIds;
    mapping(uint256 proposalId => ProposalDetails) private _proposalDetails;

    /**
     * @dev Hook into the proposing mechanism
     */
    function _propose(
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        string memory description,
        address proposer
    ) internal virtual override returns (uint256) {
        uint256 proposalId = super._propose(targets, values, calldatas, description, proposer);

        // store
        _proposalIds.push(proposalId);
        _proposalDetails[proposalId] = ProposalDetails({
            targets: targets,
            values: values,
            calldatas: calldatas,
            descriptionHash: keccak256(bytes(description))
        });

        return proposalId;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Version of {IGovernorTimelock-queue} with only `proposalId` as an argument.
     */
    function queue(uint256 proposalId) public virtual {
        // here, using storage is more efficient than memory
        ProposalDetails storage details = _proposalDetails[proposalId];
        queue(details.targets, details.values, details.calldatas, details.descriptionHash);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Version of {IGovernor-execute} with only `proposalId` as an argument.
     */
    function execute(uint256 proposalId) public payable virtual {
        // here, using storage is more efficient than memory
        ProposalDetails storage details = _proposalDetails[proposalId];
        execute(details.targets, details.values, details.calldatas, details.descriptionHash);
    }

    /**
     * @dev ProposalId version of {IGovernor-cancel}.
     */
    function cancel(uint256 proposalId) public virtual {
        // here, using storage is more efficient than memory
        ProposalDetails storage details = _proposalDetails[proposalId];
        cancel(details.targets, details.values, details.calldatas, details.descriptionHash);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of stored proposals.
     */
    function proposalCount() public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _proposalIds.length;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the details of a proposalId. Reverts if `proposalId` is not a known proposal.
     */
    function proposalDetails(
        uint256 proposalId
    ) public view virtual returns (address[] memory, uint256[] memory, bytes[] memory, bytes32) {
        // here, using memory is more efficient than storage
        ProposalDetails memory details = _proposalDetails[proposalId];
        if (details.descriptionHash == 0) {
            revert GovernorNonexistentProposal(proposalId);
        }
        return (details.targets, details.values, details.calldatas, details.descriptionHash);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the details (including the proposalId) of a proposal given its sequential index.
     */
    function proposalDetailsAt(
        uint256 index
    ) public view virtual returns (uint256, address[] memory, uint256[] memory, bytes[] memory, bytes32) {
        uint256 proposalId = _proposalIds[index];
        (
            address[] memory targets,
            uint256[] memory values,
            bytes[] memory calldatas,
            bytes32 descriptionHash
        ) = proposalDetails(proposalId);
        return (proposalId, targets, values, calldatas, descriptionHash);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Governor} from "../Governor.sol";
import {AuthorityUtils} from "../../access/manager/AuthorityUtils.sol";
import {IAccessManager} from "../../access/manager/IAccessManager.sol";
import {Address} from "../../utils/Address.sol";
import {Math} from "../../utils/math/Math.sol";
import {SafeCast} from "../../utils/math/SafeCast.sol";
import {Time} from "../../utils/types/Time.sol";

/**
 * @dev This module connects a {Governor} instance to an {AccessManager} instance, allowing the governor to make calls
 * that are delay-restricted by the manager using the normal {queue} workflow. An optional base delay is applied to
 * operations that are not delayed externally by the manager. Execution of a proposal will be delayed as much as
 * necessary to meet the required delays of all of its operations.
 *
 * This extension allows the governor to hold and use its own assets and permissions, unlike {GovernorTimelockControl}
 * and {GovernorTimelockCompound}, where the timelock is a separate contract that must be the one to hold assets and
 * permissions. Operations that are delay-restricted by the manager, however, will be executed through the
 * {AccessManager-execute} function.
 *
 * ==== Security Considerations
 *
 * Some operations may be cancelable in the `AccessManager` by the admin or a set of guardians, depending on the
 * restricted function being invoked. Since proposals are atomic, the cancellation by a guardian of a single operation
 * in a proposal will cause all of the proposal to become unable to execute. Consider proposing cancellable operations
 * separately.
 *
 * By default, function calls will be routed through the associated `AccessManager` whenever it claims the target
 * function to be restricted by it. However, admins may configure the manager to make that claim for functions that a
 * governor would want to call directly (e.g., token transfers) in an attempt to deny it access to those functions. To
 * mitigate this attack vector, the governor is able to ignore the restrictions claimed by the `AccessManager` using
 * {setAccessManagerIgnored}. While permanent denial of service is mitigated, temporary DoS may still be technically
 * possible. All of the governor's own functions (e.g., {setBaseDelaySeconds}) ignore the `AccessManager` by default.
 */
abstract contract GovernorTimelockAccess is Governor {
    // An execution plan is produced at the moment a proposal is created, in order to fix at that point the exact
    // execution semantics of the proposal, namely whether a call will go through {AccessManager-execute}.
    struct ExecutionPlan {
        uint16 length;
        uint32 delay;
        // We use mappings instead of arrays because it allows us to pack values in storage more tightly without
        // storing the length redundantly.
        // We pack 8 operations' data in each bucket. Each uint32 value is set to 1 upon proposal creation if it has
        // to be scheduled and executed through the manager. Upon queuing, the value is set to nonce + 2, where the
        // nonce is received from the manager when scheduling the operation.
        mapping(uint256 operationBucket => uint32[8]) managerData;
    }

    // The meaning of the "toggle" set to true depends on the target contract.
    // If target == address(this), the manager is ignored by default, and a true toggle means it won't be ignored.
    // For all other target contracts, the manager is used by default, and a true toggle means it will be ignored.
    mapping(address target => mapping(bytes4 selector => bool)) private _ignoreToggle;

    mapping(uint256 proposalId => ExecutionPlan) private _executionPlan;

    uint32 private _baseDelay;

    IAccessManager private immutable _manager;

    error GovernorUnmetDelay(uint256 proposalId, uint256 neededTimestamp);
    error GovernorMismatchedNonce(uint256 proposalId, uint256 expectedNonce, uint256 actualNonce);
    error GovernorLockedIgnore();

    event BaseDelaySet(uint32 oldBaseDelaySeconds, uint32 newBaseDelaySeconds);
    event AccessManagerIgnoredSet(address target, bytes4 selector, bool ignored);

    /**
     * @dev Initialize the governor with an {AccessManager} and initial base delay.
     */
    constructor(address manager, uint32 initialBaseDelay) {
        _manager = IAccessManager(manager);
        _setBaseDelaySeconds(initialBaseDelay);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the {AccessManager} instance associated to this governor.
     */
    function accessManager() public view virtual returns (IAccessManager) {
        return _manager;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Base delay that will be applied to all function calls. Some may be further delayed by their associated
     * `AccessManager` authority; in this case the final delay will be the maximum of the base delay and the one
     * demanded by the authority.
     *
     * NOTE: Execution delays are processed by the `AccessManager` contracts, and according to that contract are
     * expressed in seconds. Therefore, the base delay is also in seconds, regardless of the governor's clock mode.
     */
    function baseDelaySeconds() public view virtual returns (uint32) {
        return _baseDelay;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Change the value of {baseDelaySeconds}. This operation can only be invoked through a governance proposal.
     */
    function setBaseDelaySeconds(uint32 newBaseDelay) public virtual onlyGovernance {
        _setBaseDelaySeconds(newBaseDelay);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Change the value of {baseDelaySeconds}. Internal function without access control.
     */
    function _setBaseDelaySeconds(uint32 newBaseDelay) internal virtual {
        emit BaseDelaySet(_baseDelay, newBaseDelay);
        _baseDelay = newBaseDelay;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Check if restrictions from the associated {AccessManager} are ignored for a target function. Returns true
     * when the target function will be invoked directly regardless of `AccessManager` settings for the function.
     * See {setAccessManagerIgnored} and Security Considerations above.
     */
    function isAccessManagerIgnored(address target, bytes4 selector) public view virtual returns (bool) {
        bool isGovernor = target == address(this);
        return _ignoreToggle[target][selector] != isGovernor; // equivalent to: isGovernor ? !toggle : toggle
    }

    /**
     * @dev Configure whether restrictions from the associated {AccessManager} are ignored for a target function.
     * See Security Considerations above.
     */
    function setAccessManagerIgnored(
        address target,
        bytes4[] calldata selectors,
        bool ignored
    ) public virtual onlyGovernance {
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < selectors.length; ++i) {
            _setAccessManagerIgnored(target, selectors[i], ignored);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal version of {setAccessManagerIgnored} without access restriction.
     */
    function _setAccessManagerIgnored(address target, bytes4 selector, bool ignored) internal virtual {
        bool isGovernor = target == address(this);
        if (isGovernor && selector == this.setAccessManagerIgnored.selector) {
            revert GovernorLockedIgnore();
        }
        _ignoreToggle[target][selector] = ignored != isGovernor; // equivalent to: isGovernor ? !ignored : ignored
        emit AccessManagerIgnoredSet(target, selector, ignored);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Public accessor to check the execution plan, including the number of seconds that the proposal will be
     * delayed since queuing, an array indicating which of the proposal actions will be executed indirectly through
     * the associated {AccessManager}, and another indicating which will be scheduled in {queue}. Note that
     * those that must be scheduled are cancellable by `AccessManager` guardians.
     */
    function proposalExecutionPlan(
        uint256 proposalId
    ) public view returns (uint32 delay, bool[] memory indirect, bool[] memory withDelay) {
        ExecutionPlan storage plan = _executionPlan[proposalId];

        uint32 length = plan.length;
        delay = plan.delay;
        indirect = new bool[](length);
        withDelay = new bool[](length);
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
            (indirect[i], withDelay[i], ) = _getManagerData(plan, i);
        }

        return (delay, indirect, withDelay);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IGovernor-proposalNeedsQueuing}.
     */
    function proposalNeedsQueuing(uint256 proposalId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return _executionPlan[proposalId].delay > 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IGovernor-propose}
     */
    function propose(
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        string memory description
    ) public virtual override returns (uint256) {
        uint256 proposalId = super.propose(targets, values, calldatas, description);

        uint32 neededDelay = baseDelaySeconds();

        ExecutionPlan storage plan = _executionPlan[proposalId];
        plan.length = SafeCast.toUint16(targets.length);

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < targets.length; ++i) {
            address target = targets[i];
            bytes4 selector = bytes4(calldatas[i]);
            (bool immediate, uint32 delay) = AuthorityUtils.canCallWithDelay(
                address(_manager),
                address(this),
                target,
                selector
            );
            if ((immediate || delay > 0) && !isAccessManagerIgnored(target, selector)) {
                _setManagerData(plan, i, !immediate, 0);
                // downcast is safe because both arguments are uint32
                neededDelay = uint32(Math.max(delay, neededDelay));
            }
        }

        plan.delay = neededDelay;

        return proposalId;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Mechanism to queue a proposal, potentially scheduling some of its operations in the AccessManager.
     *
     * NOTE: The execution delay is chosen based on the delay information retrieved in {propose}. This value may be
     * off if the delay was updated since proposal creation. In this case, the proposal needs to be recreated.
     */
    function _queueOperations(
        uint256 proposalId,
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory /* values */,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 /* descriptionHash */
    ) internal virtual override returns (uint48) {
        ExecutionPlan storage plan = _executionPlan[proposalId];
        uint48 etaSeconds = Time.timestamp() + plan.delay;

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < targets.length; ++i) {
            (, bool withDelay, ) = _getManagerData(plan, i);
            if (withDelay) {
                (, uint32 nonce) = _manager.schedule(targets[i], calldatas[i], etaSeconds);
                _setManagerData(plan, i, true, nonce);
            }
        }

        return etaSeconds;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Mechanism to execute a proposal, potentially going through {AccessManager-execute} for delayed operations.
     */
    function _executeOperations(
        uint256 proposalId,
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 /* descriptionHash */
    ) internal virtual override {
        uint48 etaSeconds = SafeCast.toUint48(proposalEta(proposalId));
        if (block.timestamp < etaSeconds) {
            revert GovernorUnmetDelay(proposalId, etaSeconds);
        }

        ExecutionPlan storage plan = _executionPlan[proposalId];

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < targets.length; ++i) {
            (bool controlled, bool withDelay, uint32 nonce) = _getManagerData(plan, i);
            if (controlled) {
                uint32 executedNonce = _manager.execute{value: values[i]}(targets[i], calldatas[i]);
                if (withDelay && executedNonce != nonce) {
                    revert GovernorMismatchedNonce(proposalId, nonce, executedNonce);
                }
            } else {
                (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = targets[i].call{value: values[i]}(calldatas[i]);
                Address.verifyCallResult(success, returndata);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IGovernor-_cancel}
     */
    function _cancel(
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 descriptionHash
    ) internal virtual override returns (uint256) {
        uint256 proposalId = super._cancel(targets, values, calldatas, descriptionHash);

        uint48 etaSeconds = SafeCast.toUint48(proposalEta(proposalId));

        ExecutionPlan storage plan = _executionPlan[proposalId];

        // If the proposal has been scheduled it will have an ETA and we may have to externally cancel
        if (etaSeconds != 0) {
            for (uint256 i = 0; i < targets.length; ++i) {
                (, bool withDelay, uint32 nonce) = _getManagerData(plan, i);
                // Only attempt to cancel if the execution plan included a delay
                if (withDelay) {
                    bytes32 operationId = _manager.hashOperation(address(this), targets[i], calldatas[i]);
                    // Check first if the current operation nonce is the one that we observed previously. It could
                    // already have been cancelled and rescheduled. We don't want to cancel unless it is exactly the
                    // instance that we previously scheduled.
                    if (nonce == _manager.getNonce(operationId)) {
                        // It is important that all calls have an opportunity to be cancelled. We chose to ignore
                        // potential failures of some of the cancel operations to give the other operations a chance to
                        // be properly cancelled. In particular cancel might fail if the operation was already cancelled
                        // by guardians previously. We don't match on the revert reason to avoid encoding assumptions
                        // about specific errors.
                        try _manager.cancel(address(this), targets[i], calldatas[i]) {} catch {}
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        return proposalId;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether the operation at an index is delayed by the manager, and its scheduling nonce once queued.
     */
    function _getManagerData(
        ExecutionPlan storage plan,
        uint256 index
    ) private view returns (bool controlled, bool withDelay, uint32 nonce) {
        (uint256 bucket, uint256 subindex) = _getManagerDataIndices(index);
        uint32 value = plan.managerData[bucket][subindex];
        unchecked {
            return (value > 0, value > 1, value > 1 ? value - 2 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Marks an operation at an index as permissioned by the manager, potentially delayed, and
     * when delayed sets its scheduling nonce.
     */
    function _setManagerData(ExecutionPlan storage plan, uint256 index, bool withDelay, uint32 nonce) private {
        (uint256 bucket, uint256 subindex) = _getManagerDataIndices(index);
        plan.managerData[bucket][subindex] = withDelay ? nonce + 2 : 1;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns bucket and subindex for reading manager data from the packed array mapping.
     */
    function _getManagerDataIndices(uint256 index) private pure returns (uint256 bucket, uint256 subindex) {
        bucket = index >> 3; // index / 8
        subindex = index & 7; // index % 8
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (governance/extensions/GovernorTimelockCompound.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IGovernor, Governor} from "../Governor.sol";
import {ICompoundTimelock} from "../../vendor/compound/ICompoundTimelock.sol";
import {Address} from "../../utils/Address.sol";
import {SafeCast} from "../../utils/math/SafeCast.sol";

/**
 * @dev Extension of {Governor} that binds the execution process to a Compound Timelock. This adds a delay, enforced by
 * the external timelock to all successful proposal (in addition to the voting duration). The {Governor} needs to be
 * the admin of the timelock for any operation to be performed. A public, unrestricted,
 * {GovernorTimelockCompound-__acceptAdmin} is available to accept ownership of the timelock.
 *
 * Using this model means the proposal will be operated by the {TimelockController} and not by the {Governor}. Thus,
 * the assets and permissions must be attached to the {TimelockController}. Any asset sent to the {Governor} will be
 * inaccessible.
 */
abstract contract GovernorTimelockCompound is Governor {
    ICompoundTimelock private _timelock;

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the timelock controller used for proposal execution is modified.
     */
    event TimelockChange(address oldTimelock, address newTimelock);

    /**
     * @dev Set the timelock.
     */
    constructor(ICompoundTimelock timelockAddress) {
        _updateTimelock(timelockAddress);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overridden version of the {Governor-state} function with added support for the `Expired` state.
     */
    function state(uint256 proposalId) public view virtual override returns (ProposalState) {
        ProposalState currentState = super.state(proposalId);

        return
            (currentState == ProposalState.Queued &&
                block.timestamp >= proposalEta(proposalId) + _timelock.GRACE_PERIOD())
                ? ProposalState.Expired
                : currentState;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Public accessor to check the address of the timelock
     */
    function timelock() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return address(_timelock);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IGovernor-proposalNeedsQueuing}.
     */
    function proposalNeedsQueuing(uint256) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Function to queue a proposal to the timelock.
     */
    function _queueOperations(
        uint256 proposalId,
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 /*descriptionHash*/
    ) internal virtual override returns (uint48) {
        uint48 etaSeconds = SafeCast.toUint48(block.timestamp + _timelock.delay());

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < targets.length; ++i) {
            if (
                _timelock.queuedTransactions(keccak256(abi.encode(targets[i], values[i], "", calldatas[i], etaSeconds)))
            ) {
                revert GovernorAlreadyQueuedProposal(proposalId);
            }
            _timelock.queueTransaction(targets[i], values[i], "", calldatas[i], etaSeconds);
        }

        return etaSeconds;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overridden version of the {Governor-_executeOperations} function that run the already queued proposal
     * through the timelock.
     */
    function _executeOperations(
        uint256 proposalId,
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 /*descriptionHash*/
    ) internal virtual override {
        uint256 etaSeconds = proposalEta(proposalId);
        if (etaSeconds == 0) {
            revert GovernorNotQueuedProposal(proposalId);
        }
        Address.sendValue(payable(_timelock), msg.value);
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < targets.length; ++i) {
            _timelock.executeTransaction(targets[i], values[i], "", calldatas[i], etaSeconds);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overridden version of the {Governor-_cancel} function to cancel the timelocked proposal if it has already
     * been queued.
     */
    function _cancel(
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 descriptionHash
    ) internal virtual override returns (uint256) {
        uint256 proposalId = super._cancel(targets, values, calldatas, descriptionHash);

        uint256 etaSeconds = proposalEta(proposalId);
        if (etaSeconds > 0) {
            // do external call later
            for (uint256 i = 0; i < targets.length; ++i) {
                _timelock.cancelTransaction(targets[i], values[i], "", calldatas[i], etaSeconds);
            }
        }

        return proposalId;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Address through which the governor executes action. In this case, the timelock.
     */
    function _executor() internal view virtual override returns (address) {
        return address(_timelock);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Accept admin right over the timelock.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line private-vars-leading-underscore
    function __acceptAdmin() public {
        _timelock.acceptAdmin();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Public endpoint to update the underlying timelock instance. Restricted to the timelock itself, so updates
     * must be proposed, scheduled, and executed through governance proposals.
     *
     * For security reasons, the timelock must be handed over to another admin before setting up a new one. The two
     * operations (hand over the timelock) and do the update can be batched in a single proposal.
     *
     * Note that if the timelock admin has been handed over in a previous operation, we refuse updates made through the
     * timelock if admin of the timelock has already been accepted and the operation is executed outside the scope of
     * governance.

     * CAUTION: It is not recommended to change the timelock while there are other queued governance proposals.
     */
    function updateTimelock(ICompoundTimelock newTimelock) external virtual onlyGovernance {
        _updateTimelock(newTimelock);
    }

    function _updateTimelock(ICompoundTimelock newTimelock) private {
        emit TimelockChange(address(_timelock), address(newTimelock));
        _timelock = newTimelock;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (governance/extensions/GovernorTimelockControl.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IGovernor, Governor} from "../Governor.sol";
import {TimelockController} from "../TimelockController.sol";
import {IERC165} from "../../interfaces/IERC165.sol";
import {SafeCast} from "../../utils/math/SafeCast.sol";

/**
 * @dev Extension of {Governor} that binds the execution process to an instance of {TimelockController}. This adds a
 * delay, enforced by the {TimelockController} to all successful proposal (in addition to the voting duration). The
 * {Governor} needs the proposer (and ideally the executor) roles for the {Governor} to work properly.
 *
 * Using this model means the proposal will be operated by the {TimelockController} and not by the {Governor}. Thus,
 * the assets and permissions must be attached to the {TimelockController}. Any asset sent to the {Governor} will be
 * inaccessible from a proposal, unless executed via {Governor-relay}.
 *
 * WARNING: Setting up the TimelockController to have additional proposers or cancellers besides the governor is very
 * risky, as it grants them the ability to: 1) execute operations as the timelock, and thus possibly performing
 * operations or accessing funds that are expected to only be accessible through a vote, and 2) block governance
 * proposals that have been approved by the voters, effectively executing a Denial of Service attack.
 *
 * NOTE: `AccessManager` does not support scheduling more than one operation with the same target and calldata at
 * the same time. See {AccessManager-schedule} for a workaround.
 */
abstract contract GovernorTimelockControl is Governor {
    TimelockController private _timelock;
    mapping(uint256 proposalId => bytes32) private _timelockIds;

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the timelock controller used for proposal execution is modified.
     */
    event TimelockChange(address oldTimelock, address newTimelock);

    /**
     * @dev Set the timelock.
     */
    constructor(TimelockController timelockAddress) {
        _updateTimelock(timelockAddress);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overridden version of the {Governor-state} function that considers the status reported by the timelock.
     */
    function state(uint256 proposalId) public view virtual override returns (ProposalState) {
        ProposalState currentState = super.state(proposalId);

        if (currentState != ProposalState.Queued) {
            return currentState;
        }

        bytes32 queueid = _timelockIds[proposalId];
        if (_timelock.isOperationPending(queueid)) {
            return ProposalState.Queued;
        } else if (_timelock.isOperationDone(queueid)) {
            // This can happen if the proposal is executed directly on the timelock.
            return ProposalState.Executed;
        } else {
            // This can happen if the proposal is canceled directly on the timelock.
            return ProposalState.Canceled;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Public accessor to check the address of the timelock
     */
    function timelock() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return address(_timelock);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IGovernor-proposalNeedsQueuing}.
     */
    function proposalNeedsQueuing(uint256) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Function to queue a proposal to the timelock.
     */
    function _queueOperations(
        uint256 proposalId,
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 descriptionHash
    ) internal virtual override returns (uint48) {
        uint256 delay = _timelock.getMinDelay();

        bytes32 salt = _timelockSalt(descriptionHash);
        _timelockIds[proposalId] = _timelock.hashOperationBatch(targets, values, calldatas, 0, salt);
        _timelock.scheduleBatch(targets, values, calldatas, 0, salt, delay);

        return SafeCast.toUint48(block.timestamp + delay);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overridden version of the {Governor-_executeOperations} function that runs the already queued proposal
     * through the timelock.
     */
    function _executeOperations(
        uint256 proposalId,
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 descriptionHash
    ) internal virtual override {
        // execute
        _timelock.executeBatch{value: msg.value}(targets, values, calldatas, 0, _timelockSalt(descriptionHash));
        // cleanup for refund
        delete _timelockIds[proposalId];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overridden version of the {Governor-_cancel} function to cancel the timelocked proposal if it has already
     * been queued.
     */
    // This function can reenter through the external call to the timelock, but we assume the timelock is trusted and
    // well behaved (according to TimelockController) and this will not happen.
    // slither-disable-next-line reentrancy-no-eth
    function _cancel(
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 descriptionHash
    ) internal virtual override returns (uint256) {
        uint256 proposalId = super._cancel(targets, values, calldatas, descriptionHash);

        bytes32 timelockId = _timelockIds[proposalId];
        if (timelockId != 0) {
            // cancel
            _timelock.cancel(timelockId);
            // cleanup
            delete _timelockIds[proposalId];
        }

        return proposalId;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Address through which the governor executes action. In this case, the timelock.
     */
    function _executor() internal view virtual override returns (address) {
        return address(_timelock);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Public endpoint to update the underlying timelock instance. Restricted to the timelock itself, so updates
     * must be proposed, scheduled, and executed through governance proposals.
     *
     * CAUTION: It is not recommended to change the timelock while there are other queued governance proposals.
     */
    function updateTimelock(TimelockController newTimelock) external virtual onlyGovernance {
        _updateTimelock(newTimelock);
    }

    function _updateTimelock(TimelockController newTimelock) private {
        emit TimelockChange(address(_timelock), address(newTimelock));
        _timelock = newTimelock;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Computes the {TimelockController} operation salt.
     *
     * It is computed with the governor address itself to avoid collisions across governor instances using the
     * same timelock.
     */
    function _timelockSalt(bytes32 descriptionHash) private view returns (bytes32) {
        return bytes20(address(this)) ^ descriptionHash;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (governance/extensions/GovernorVotes.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Governor} from "../Governor.sol";
import {IVotes} from "../utils/IVotes.sol";
import {IERC5805} from "../../interfaces/IERC5805.sol";
import {SafeCast} from "../../utils/math/SafeCast.sol";
import {Time} from "../../utils/types/Time.sol";

/**
 * @dev Extension of {Governor} for voting weight extraction from an {ERC20Votes} token, or since v4.5 an {ERC721Votes}
 * token.
 */
abstract contract GovernorVotes is Governor {
    IERC5805 private immutable _token;

    constructor(IVotes tokenAddress) {
        _token = IERC5805(address(tokenAddress));
    }

    /**
     * @dev The token that voting power is sourced from.
     */
    function token() public view virtual returns (IERC5805) {
        return _token;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Clock (as specified in EIP-6372) is set to match the token's clock. Fallback to block numbers if the token
     * does not implement EIP-6372.
     */
    function clock() public view virtual override returns (uint48) {
        try token().clock() returns (uint48 timepoint) {
            return timepoint;
        } catch {
            return Time.blockNumber();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Machine-readable description of the clock as specified in EIP-6372.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function CLOCK_MODE() public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        try token().CLOCK_MODE() returns (string memory clockmode) {
            return clockmode;
        } catch {
            return "mode=blocknumber&from=default";
        }
    }

    /**
     * Read the voting weight from the token's built in snapshot mechanism (see {Governor-_getVotes}).
     */
    function _getVotes(
        address account,
        uint256 timepoint,
        bytes memory /*params*/
    ) internal view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        return token().getPastVotes(account, timepoint);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (governance/extensions/GovernorVotesQuorumFraction.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {GovernorVotes} from "./GovernorVotes.sol";
import {SafeCast} from "../../utils/math/SafeCast.sol";
import {Checkpoints} from "../../utils/structs/Checkpoints.sol";

/**
 * @dev Extension of {Governor} for voting weight extraction from an {ERC20Votes} token and a quorum expressed as a
 * fraction of the total supply.
 */
abstract contract GovernorVotesQuorumFraction is GovernorVotes {
    using Checkpoints for Checkpoints.Trace208;

    Checkpoints.Trace208 private _quorumNumeratorHistory;

    event QuorumNumeratorUpdated(uint256 oldQuorumNumerator, uint256 newQuorumNumerator);

    /**
     * @dev The quorum set is not a valid fraction.
     */
    error GovernorInvalidQuorumFraction(uint256 quorumNumerator, uint256 quorumDenominator);

    /**
     * @dev Initialize quorum as a fraction of the token's total supply.
     *
     * The fraction is specified as `numerator / denominator`. By default the denominator is 100, so quorum is
     * specified as a percent: a numerator of 10 corresponds to quorum being 10% of total supply. The denominator can be
     * customized by overriding {quorumDenominator}.
     */
    constructor(uint256 quorumNumeratorValue) {
        _updateQuorumNumerator(quorumNumeratorValue);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current quorum numerator. See {quorumDenominator}.
     */
    function quorumNumerator() public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _quorumNumeratorHistory.latest();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the quorum numerator at a specific timepoint. See {quorumDenominator}.
     */
    function quorumNumerator(uint256 timepoint) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        uint256 length = _quorumNumeratorHistory._checkpoints.length;

        // Optimistic search, check the latest checkpoint
        Checkpoints.Checkpoint208 storage latest = _quorumNumeratorHistory._checkpoints[length - 1];
        uint48 latestKey = latest._key;
        uint208 latestValue = latest._value;
        if (latestKey <= timepoint) {
            return latestValue;
        }

        // Otherwise, do the binary search
        return _quorumNumeratorHistory.upperLookupRecent(SafeCast.toUint48(timepoint));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the quorum denominator. Defaults to 100, but may be overridden.
     */
    function quorumDenominator() public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return 100;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the quorum for a timepoint, in terms of number of votes: `supply * numerator / denominator`.
     */
    function quorum(uint256 timepoint) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        return (token().getPastTotalSupply(timepoint) * quorumNumerator(timepoint)) / quorumDenominator();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Changes the quorum numerator.
     *
     * Emits a {QuorumNumeratorUpdated} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - Must be called through a governance proposal.
     * - New numerator must be smaller or equal to the denominator.
     */
    function updateQuorumNumerator(uint256 newQuorumNumerator) external virtual onlyGovernance {
        _updateQuorumNumerator(newQuorumNumerator);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Changes the quorum numerator.
     *
     * Emits a {QuorumNumeratorUpdated} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - New numerator must be smaller or equal to the denominator.
     */
    function _updateQuorumNumerator(uint256 newQuorumNumerator) internal virtual {
        uint256 denominator = quorumDenominator();
        if (newQuorumNumerator > denominator) {
            revert GovernorInvalidQuorumFraction(newQuorumNumerator, denominator);
        }

        uint256 oldQuorumNumerator = quorumNumerator();
        _quorumNumeratorHistory.push(clock(), SafeCast.toUint208(newQuorumNumerator));

        emit QuorumNumeratorUpdated(oldQuorumNumerator, newQuorumNumerator);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (governance/utils/IVotes.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Common interface for {ERC20Votes}, {ERC721Votes}, and other {Votes}-enabled contracts.
 */
interface IVotes {
    /**
     * @dev The signature used has expired.
     */
    error VotesExpiredSignature(uint256 expiry);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when an account changes their delegate.
     */
    event DelegateChanged(address indexed delegator, address indexed fromDelegate, address indexed toDelegate);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when a token transfer or delegate change results in changes to a delegate's number of voting units.
     */
    event DelegateVotesChanged(address indexed delegate, uint256 previousVotes, uint256 newVotes);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current amount of votes that `account` has.
     */
    function getVotes(address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of votes that `account` had at a specific moment in the past. If the `clock()` is
     * configured to use block numbers, this will return the value at the end of the corresponding block.
     */
    function getPastVotes(address account, uint256 timepoint) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the total supply of votes available at a specific moment in the past. If the `clock()` is
     * configured to use block numbers, this will return the value at the end of the corresponding block.
     *
     * NOTE: This value is the sum of all available votes, which is not necessarily the sum of all delegated votes.
     * Votes that have not been delegated are still part of total supply, even though they would not participate in a
     * vote.
     */
    function getPastTotalSupply(uint256 timepoint) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the delegate that `account` has chosen.
     */
    function delegates(address account) external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @dev Delegates votes from the sender to `delegatee`.
     */
    function delegate(address delegatee) external;

    /**
     * @dev Delegates votes from signer to `delegatee`.
     */
    function delegateBySig(address delegatee, uint256 nonce, uint256 expiry, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s) external;
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (governance/utils/Votes.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC5805} from "../../interfaces/IERC5805.sol";
import {Context} from "../../utils/Context.sol";
import {Nonces} from "../../utils/Nonces.sol";
import {EIP712} from "../../utils/cryptography/EIP712.sol";
import {Checkpoints} from "../../utils/structs/Checkpoints.sol";
import {SafeCast} from "../../utils/math/SafeCast.sol";
import {ECDSA} from "../../utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol";
import {Time} from "../../utils/types/Time.sol";

/**
 * @dev This is a base abstract contract that tracks voting units, which are a measure of voting power that can be
 * transferred, and provides a system of vote delegation, where an account can delegate its voting units to a sort of
 * "representative" that will pool delegated voting units from different accounts and can then use it to vote in
 * decisions. In fact, voting units _must_ be delegated in order to count as actual votes, and an account has to
 * delegate those votes to itself if it wishes to participate in decisions and does not have a trusted representative.
 *
 * This contract is often combined with a token contract such that voting units correspond to token units. For an
 * example, see {ERC721Votes}.
 *
 * The full history of delegate votes is tracked on-chain so that governance protocols can consider votes as distributed
 * at a particular block number to protect against flash loans and double voting. The opt-in delegate system makes the
 * cost of this history tracking optional.
 *
 * When using this module the derived contract must implement {_getVotingUnits} (for example, make it return
 * {ERC721-balanceOf}), and can use {_transferVotingUnits} to track a change in the distribution of those units (in the
 * previous example, it would be included in {ERC721-_beforeTokenTransfer}).
 */
abstract contract Votes is Context, EIP712, Nonces, IERC5805 {
    using Checkpoints for Checkpoints.Trace208;

    bytes32 private constant DELEGATION_TYPEHASH =
        keccak256("Delegation(address delegatee,uint256 nonce,uint256 expiry)");

    mapping(address account => address) private _delegatee;

    mapping(address delegatee => Checkpoints.Trace208) private _delegateCheckpoints;

    Checkpoints.Trace208 private _totalCheckpoints;

    /**
     * @dev The clock was incorrectly modified.
     */
    error ERC6372InconsistentClock();

    /**
     * @dev Lookup to future votes is not available.
     */
    error ERC5805FutureLookup(uint256 timepoint, uint48 clock);

    /**
     * @dev Clock used for flagging checkpoints. Can be overridden to implement timestamp based
     * checkpoints (and voting), in which case {CLOCK_MODE} should be overridden as well to match.
     */
    function clock() public view virtual returns (uint48) {
        return Time.blockNumber();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Machine-readable description of the clock as specified in EIP-6372.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function CLOCK_MODE() public view virtual returns (string memory) {
        // Check that the clock was not modified
        if (clock() != Time.blockNumber()) {
            revert ERC6372InconsistentClock();
        }
        return "mode=blocknumber&from=default";
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current amount of votes that `account` has.
     */
    function getVotes(address account) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _delegateCheckpoints[account].latest();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of votes that `account` had at a specific moment in the past. If the `clock()` is
     * configured to use block numbers, this will return the value at the end of the corresponding block.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `timepoint` must be in the past. If operating using block numbers, the block must be already mined.
     */
    function getPastVotes(address account, uint256 timepoint) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        uint48 currentTimepoint = clock();
        if (timepoint >= currentTimepoint) {
            revert ERC5805FutureLookup(timepoint, currentTimepoint);
        }
        return _delegateCheckpoints[account].upperLookupRecent(SafeCast.toUint48(timepoint));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the total supply of votes available at a specific moment in the past. If the `clock()` is
     * configured to use block numbers, this will return the value at the end of the corresponding block.
     *
     * NOTE: This value is the sum of all available votes, which is not necessarily the sum of all delegated votes.
     * Votes that have not been delegated are still part of total supply, even though they would not participate in a
     * vote.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `timepoint` must be in the past. If operating using block numbers, the block must be already mined.
     */
    function getPastTotalSupply(uint256 timepoint) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        uint48 currentTimepoint = clock();
        if (timepoint >= currentTimepoint) {
            revert ERC5805FutureLookup(timepoint, currentTimepoint);
        }
        return _totalCheckpoints.upperLookupRecent(SafeCast.toUint48(timepoint));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current total supply of votes.
     */
    function _getTotalSupply() internal view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _totalCheckpoints.latest();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the delegate that `account` has chosen.
     */
    function delegates(address account) public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _delegatee[account];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Delegates votes from the sender to `delegatee`.
     */
    function delegate(address delegatee) public virtual {
        address account = _msgSender();
        _delegate(account, delegatee);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Delegates votes from signer to `delegatee`.
     */
    function delegateBySig(
        address delegatee,
        uint256 nonce,
        uint256 expiry,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) public virtual {
        if (block.timestamp > expiry) {
            revert VotesExpiredSignature(expiry);
        }
        address signer = ECDSA.recover(
            _hashTypedDataV4(keccak256(abi.encode(DELEGATION_TYPEHASH, delegatee, nonce, expiry))),
            v,
            r,
            s
        );
        _useCheckedNonce(signer, nonce);
        _delegate(signer, delegatee);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Delegate all of `account`'s voting units to `delegatee`.
     *
     * Emits events {IVotes-DelegateChanged} and {IVotes-DelegateVotesChanged}.
     */
    function _delegate(address account, address delegatee) internal virtual {
        address oldDelegate = delegates(account);
        _delegatee[account] = delegatee;

        emit DelegateChanged(account, oldDelegate, delegatee);
        _moveDelegateVotes(oldDelegate, delegatee, _getVotingUnits(account));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers, mints, or burns voting units. To register a mint, `from` should be zero. To register a burn, `to`
     * should be zero. Total supply of voting units will be adjusted with mints and burns.
     */
    function _transferVotingUnits(address from, address to, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
        if (from == address(0)) {
            _push(_totalCheckpoints, _add, SafeCast.toUint208(amount));
        }
        if (to == address(0)) {
            _push(_totalCheckpoints, _subtract, SafeCast.toUint208(amount));
        }
        _moveDelegateVotes(delegates(from), delegates(to), amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Moves delegated votes from one delegate to another.
     */
    function _moveDelegateVotes(address from, address to, uint256 amount) private {
        if (from != to && amount > 0) {
            if (from != address(0)) {
                (uint256 oldValue, uint256 newValue) = _push(
                    _delegateCheckpoints[from],
                    _subtract,
                    SafeCast.toUint208(amount)
                );
                emit DelegateVotesChanged(from, oldValue, newValue);
            }
            if (to != address(0)) {
                (uint256 oldValue, uint256 newValue) = _push(
                    _delegateCheckpoints[to],
                    _add,
                    SafeCast.toUint208(amount)
                );
                emit DelegateVotesChanged(to, oldValue, newValue);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Get number of checkpoints for `account`.
     */
    function _numCheckpoints(address account) internal view virtual returns (uint32) {
        return SafeCast.toUint32(_delegateCheckpoints[account].length());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Get the `pos`-th checkpoint for `account`.
     */
    function _checkpoints(
        address account,
        uint32 pos
    ) internal view virtual returns (Checkpoints.Checkpoint208 memory) {
        return _delegateCheckpoints[account].at(pos);
    }

    function _push(
        Checkpoints.Trace208 storage store,
        function(uint208, uint208) view returns (uint208) op,
        uint208 delta
    ) private returns (uint208, uint208) {
        return store.push(clock(), op(store.latest(), delta));
    }

    function _add(uint208 a, uint208 b) private pure returns (uint208) {
        return a + b;
    }

    function _subtract(uint208 a, uint208 b) private pure returns (uint208) {
        return a - b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Must return the voting units held by an account.
     */
    function _getVotingUnits(address) internal view virtual returns (uint256);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (interfaces/IERC1155.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC1155} from "../token/ERC1155/IERC1155.sol";


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (interfaces/IERC1155MetadataURI.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC1155MetadataURI} from "../token/ERC1155/extensions/IERC1155MetadataURI.sol";


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (interfaces/IERC1155Receiver.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC1155Receiver} from "../token/ERC1155/IERC1155Receiver.sol";


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (interfaces/IERC1271.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC1271 standard signature validation method for
 * contracts as defined in https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1271[ERC-1271].
 */
interface IERC1271 {
    /**
     * @dev Should return whether the signature provided is valid for the provided data
     * @param hash      Hash of the data to be signed
     * @param signature Signature byte array associated with _data
     */
    function isValidSignature(bytes32 hash, bytes memory signature) external view returns (bytes4 magicValue);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC1363.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20} from "./IERC20.sol";
import {IERC165} from "./IERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Interface of an ERC1363 compliant contract, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1363[EIP].
 *
 * Defines a interface for ERC20 tokens that supports executing recipient
 * code after `transfer` or `transferFrom`, or spender code after `approve`.
 */
interface IERC1363 is IERC165, IERC20 {
    /*
     * Note: the ERC-165 identifier for this interface is 0xb0202a11.
     * 0xb0202a11 ===
     *   bytes4(keccak256('transferAndCall(address,uint256)')) ^
     *   bytes4(keccak256('transferAndCall(address,uint256,bytes)')) ^
     *   bytes4(keccak256('transferFromAndCall(address,address,uint256)')) ^
     *   bytes4(keccak256('transferFromAndCall(address,address,uint256,bytes)')) ^
     *   bytes4(keccak256('approveAndCall(address,uint256)')) ^
     *   bytes4(keccak256('approveAndCall(address,uint256,bytes)'))
     */

    /**
     * @dev Transfer tokens from `msg.sender` to another address and then call `onTransferReceived` on receiver
     * @param to address The address which you want to transfer to
     * @param amount uint256 The amount of tokens to be transferred
     * @return true unless throwing
     */
    function transferAndCall(address to, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Transfer tokens from `msg.sender` to another address and then call `onTransferReceived` on receiver
     * @param to address The address which you want to transfer to
     * @param amount uint256 The amount of tokens to be transferred
     * @param data bytes Additional data with no specified format, sent in call to `to`
     * @return true unless throwing
     */
    function transferAndCall(address to, uint256 amount, bytes memory data) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Transfer tokens from one address to another and then call `onTransferReceived` on receiver
     * @param from address The address which you want to send tokens from
     * @param to address The address which you want to transfer to
     * @param amount uint256 The amount of tokens to be transferred
     * @return true unless throwing
     */
    function transferFromAndCall(address from, address to, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Transfer tokens from one address to another and then call `onTransferReceived` on receiver
     * @param from address The address which you want to send tokens from
     * @param to address The address which you want to transfer to
     * @param amount uint256 The amount of tokens to be transferred
     * @param data bytes Additional data with no specified format, sent in call to `to`
     * @return true unless throwing
     */
    function transferFromAndCall(address from, address to, uint256 amount, bytes memory data) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Approve the passed address to spend the specified amount of tokens on behalf of msg.sender
     * and then call `onApprovalReceived` on spender.
     * @param spender address The address which will spend the funds
     * @param amount uint256 The amount of tokens to be spent
     */
    function approveAndCall(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Approve the passed address to spend the specified amount of tokens on behalf of msg.sender
     * and then call `onApprovalReceived` on spender.
     * @param spender address The address which will spend the funds
     * @param amount uint256 The amount of tokens to be spent
     * @param data bytes Additional data with no specified format, sent in call to `spender`
     */
    function approveAndCall(address spender, uint256 amount, bytes memory data) external returns (bool);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC1363Receiver.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface for any contract that wants to support {IERC1363-transferAndCall}
 * or {IERC1363-transferFromAndCall} from {ERC1363} token contracts.
 */
interface IERC1363Receiver {
    /*
     * Note: the ERC-165 identifier for this interface is 0x88a7ca5c.
     * 0x88a7ca5c === bytes4(keccak256("onTransferReceived(address,address,uint256,bytes)"))
     */

    /**
     * @notice Handle the receipt of ERC1363 tokens
     * @dev Any ERC1363 smart contract calls this function on the recipient
     * after a `transfer` or a `transferFrom`. This function MAY throw to revert and reject the
     * transfer. Return of other than the magic value MUST result in the
     * transaction being reverted.
     * Note: the token contract address is always the message sender.
     * @param operator address The address which called `transferAndCall` or `transferFromAndCall` function
     * @param from address The address which are token transferred from
     * @param amount uint256 The amount of tokens transferred
     * @param data bytes Additional data with no specified format
     * @return `bytes4(keccak256("onTransferReceived(address,address,uint256,bytes)"))` unless throwing
     */
    function onTransferReceived(
        address operator,
        address from,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes memory data
    ) external returns (bytes4);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC1363Spender.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface for any contract that wants to support {IERC1363-approveAndCall}
 * from {ERC1363} token contracts.
 */
interface IERC1363Spender {
    /*
     * Note: the ERC-165 identifier for this interface is 0x7b04a2d0.
     * 0x7b04a2d0 === bytes4(keccak256("onApprovalReceived(address,uint256,bytes)"))
     */

    /**
     * @notice Handle the approval of ERC1363 tokens
     * @dev Any ERC1363 smart contract calls this function on the recipient
     * after an `approve`. This function MAY throw to revert and reject the
     * approval. Return of other than the magic value MUST result in the
     * transaction being reverted.
     * Note: the token contract address is always the message sender.
     * @param owner address The address which called `approveAndCall` function
     * @param amount uint256 The amount of tokens to be spent
     * @param data bytes Additional data with no specified format
     * @return `bytes4(keccak256("onApprovalReceived(address,uint256,bytes)"))`unless throwing
     */
    function onApprovalReceived(address owner, uint256 amount, bytes memory data) external returns (bytes4);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (interfaces/IERC165.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC165} from "../utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/introspection/IERC1820Implementer.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface for an ERC1820 implementer, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1820#interface-implementation-erc1820implementerinterface[EIP].
 * Used by contracts that will be registered as implementers in the
 * {IERC1820Registry}.
 */
interface IERC1820Implementer {
    /**
     * @dev Returns a special value (`ERC1820_ACCEPT_MAGIC`) if this contract
     * implements `interfaceHash` for `account`.
     *
     * See {IERC1820Registry-setInterfaceImplementer}.
     */
    function canImplementInterfaceForAddress(bytes32 interfaceHash, address account) external view returns (bytes32);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (utils/introspection/IERC1820Registry.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the global ERC1820 Registry, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1820[EIP]. Accounts may register
 * implementers for interfaces in this registry, as well as query support.
 *
 * Implementers may be shared by multiple accounts, and can also implement more
 * than a single interface for each account. Contracts can implement interfaces
 * for themselves, but externally-owned accounts (EOA) must delegate this to a
 * contract.
 *
 * {IERC165} interfaces can also be queried via the registry.
 *
 * For an in-depth explanation and source code analysis, see the EIP text.
 */
interface IERC1820Registry {
    event InterfaceImplementerSet(address indexed account, bytes32 indexed interfaceHash, address indexed implementer);

    event ManagerChanged(address indexed account, address indexed newManager);

    /**
     * @dev Sets `newManager` as the manager for `account`. A manager of an
     * account is able to set interface implementers for it.
     *
     * By default, each account is its own manager. Passing a value of `0x0` in
     * `newManager` will reset the manager to this initial state.
     *
     * Emits a {ManagerChanged} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must be the current manager for `account`.
     */
    function setManager(address account, address newManager) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the manager for `account`.
     *
     * See {setManager}.
     */
    function getManager(address account) external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @dev Sets the `implementer` contract as ``account``'s implementer for
     * `interfaceHash`.
     *
     * `account` being the zero address is an alias for the caller's address.
     * The zero address can also be used in `implementer` to remove an old one.
     *
     * See {interfaceHash} to learn how these are created.
     *
     * Emits an {InterfaceImplementerSet} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must be the current manager for `account`.
     * - `interfaceHash` must not be an {IERC165} interface id (i.e. it must not
     * end in 28 zeroes).
     * - `implementer` must implement {IERC1820Implementer} and return true when
     * queried for support, unless `implementer` is the caller. See
     * {IERC1820Implementer-canImplementInterfaceForAddress}.
     */
    function setInterfaceImplementer(address account, bytes32 _interfaceHash, address implementer) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the implementer of `interfaceHash` for `account`. If no such
     * implementer is registered, returns the zero address.
     *
     * If `interfaceHash` is an {IERC165} interface id (i.e. it ends with 28
     * zeroes), `account` will be queried for support of it.
     *
     * `account` being the zero address is an alias for the caller's address.
     */
    function getInterfaceImplementer(address account, bytes32 _interfaceHash) external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the interface hash for an `interfaceName`, as defined in the
     * corresponding
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1820#interface-name[section of the EIP].
     */
    function interfaceHash(string calldata interfaceName) external pure returns (bytes32);

    /**
     * @notice Updates the cache with whether the contract implements an ERC165 interface or not.
     * @param account Address of the contract for which to update the cache.
     * @param interfaceId ERC165 interface for which to update the cache.
     */
    function updateERC165Cache(address account, bytes4 interfaceId) external;

    /**
     * @notice Checks whether a contract implements an ERC165 interface or not.
     * If the result is not cached a direct lookup on the contract address is performed.
     * If the result is not cached or the cached value is out-of-date, the cache MUST be updated manually by calling
     * {updateERC165Cache} with the contract address.
     * @param account Address of the contract to check.
     * @param interfaceId ERC165 interface to check.
     * @return True if `account` implements `interfaceId`, false otherwise.
     */
    function implementsERC165Interface(address account, bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @notice Checks whether a contract implements an ERC165 interface or not without using or updating the cache.
     * @param account Address of the contract to check.
     * @param interfaceId ERC165 interface to check.
     * @return True if `account` implements `interfaceId`, false otherwise.
     */
    function implementsERC165InterfaceNoCache(address account, bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC1967.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev ERC-1967: Proxy Storage Slots. This interface contains the events defined in the ERC.
 */
interface IERC1967 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the implementation is upgraded.
     */
    event Upgraded(address indexed implementation);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the admin account has changed.
     */
    event AdminChanged(address previousAdmin, address newAdmin);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the beacon is changed.
     */
    event BeaconUpgraded(address indexed beacon);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (interfaces/IERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20} from "../token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (interfaces/IERC20Metadata.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20Metadata} from "../token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol";


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (interfaces/IERC2309.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev ERC-2309: ERC-721 Consecutive Transfer Extension.
 */
interface IERC2309 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the tokens from `fromTokenId` to `toTokenId` are transferred from `fromAddress` to `toAddress`.
     */
    event ConsecutiveTransfer(
        uint256 indexed fromTokenId,
        uint256 toTokenId,
        address indexed fromAddress,
        address indexed toAddress
    );
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC2612.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20Permit} from "../token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Permit.sol";

interface IERC2612 is IERC20Permit {}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC2981.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC165} from "../utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Interface for the NFT Royalty Standard.
 *
 * A standardized way to retrieve royalty payment information for non-fungible tokens (NFTs) to enable universal
 * support for royalty payments across all NFT marketplaces and ecosystem participants.
 */
interface IERC2981 is IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns how much royalty is owed and to whom, based on a sale price that may be denominated in any unit of
     * exchange. The royalty amount is denominated and should be paid in that same unit of exchange.
     */
    function royaltyInfo(
        uint256 tokenId,
        uint256 salePrice
    ) external view returns (address receiver, uint256 royaltyAmount);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (interfaces/IERC3156.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC3156FlashBorrower} from "./IERC3156FlashBorrower.sol";
import {IERC3156FlashLender} from "./IERC3156FlashLender.sol";


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC3156FlashBorrower.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC3156 FlashBorrower, as defined in
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-3156[ERC-3156].
 */
interface IERC3156FlashBorrower {
    /**
     * @dev Receive a flash loan.
     * @param initiator The initiator of the loan.
     * @param token The loan currency.
     * @param amount The amount of tokens lent.
     * @param fee The additional amount of tokens to repay.
     * @param data Arbitrary data structure, intended to contain user-defined parameters.
     * @return The keccak256 hash of "ERC3156FlashBorrower.onFlashLoan"
     */
    function onFlashLoan(
        address initiator,
        address token,
        uint256 amount,
        uint256 fee,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external returns (bytes32);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (interfaces/IERC3156FlashLender.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC3156FlashBorrower} from "./IERC3156FlashBorrower.sol";

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC3156 FlashLender, as defined in
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-3156[ERC-3156].
 */
interface IERC3156FlashLender {
    /**
     * @dev The amount of currency available to be lended.
     * @param token The loan currency.
     * @return The amount of `token` that can be borrowed.
     */
    function maxFlashLoan(address token) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev The fee to be charged for a given loan.
     * @param token The loan currency.
     * @param amount The amount of tokens lent.
     * @return The amount of `token` to be charged for the loan, on top of the returned principal.
     */
    function flashFee(address token, uint256 amount) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Initiate a flash loan.
     * @param receiver The receiver of the tokens in the loan, and the receiver of the callback.
     * @param token The loan currency.
     * @param amount The amount of tokens lent.
     * @param data Arbitrary data structure, intended to contain user-defined parameters.
     */
    function flashLoan(
        IERC3156FlashBorrower receiver,
        address token,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external returns (bool);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC4626.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20} from "../token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
import {IERC20Metadata} from "../token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol";

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC4626 "Tokenized Vault Standard", as defined in
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-4626[ERC-4626].
 */
interface IERC4626 is IERC20, IERC20Metadata {
    event Deposit(address indexed sender, address indexed owner, uint256 assets, uint256 shares);

    event Withdraw(
        address indexed sender,
        address indexed receiver,
        address indexed owner,
        uint256 assets,
        uint256 shares
    );

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the underlying token used for the Vault for accounting, depositing, and withdrawing.
     *
     * - MUST be an ERC-20 token contract.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     */
    function asset() external view returns (address assetTokenAddress);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the total amount of the underlying asset that is “managed” by Vault.
     *
     * - SHOULD include any compounding that occurs from yield.
     * - MUST be inclusive of any fees that are charged against assets in the Vault.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     */
    function totalAssets() external view returns (uint256 totalManagedAssets);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of shares that the Vault would exchange for the amount of assets provided, in an ideal
     * scenario where all the conditions are met.
     *
     * - MUST NOT be inclusive of any fees that are charged against assets in the Vault.
     * - MUST NOT show any variations depending on the caller.
     * - MUST NOT reflect slippage or other on-chain conditions, when performing the actual exchange.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     *
     * NOTE: This calculation MAY NOT reflect the “per-user” price-per-share, and instead should reflect the
     * “average-user’s” price-per-share, meaning what the average user should expect to see when exchanging to and
     * from.
     */
    function convertToShares(uint256 assets) external view returns (uint256 shares);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of assets that the Vault would exchange for the amount of shares provided, in an ideal
     * scenario where all the conditions are met.
     *
     * - MUST NOT be inclusive of any fees that are charged against assets in the Vault.
     * - MUST NOT show any variations depending on the caller.
     * - MUST NOT reflect slippage or other on-chain conditions, when performing the actual exchange.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     *
     * NOTE: This calculation MAY NOT reflect the “per-user” price-per-share, and instead should reflect the
     * “average-user’s” price-per-share, meaning what the average user should expect to see when exchanging to and
     * from.
     */
    function convertToAssets(uint256 shares) external view returns (uint256 assets);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the maximum amount of the underlying asset that can be deposited into the Vault for the receiver,
     * through a deposit call.
     *
     * - MUST return a limited value if receiver is subject to some deposit limit.
     * - MUST return 2 ** 256 - 1 if there is no limit on the maximum amount of assets that may be deposited.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     */
    function maxDeposit(address receiver) external view returns (uint256 maxAssets);

    /**
     * @dev Allows an on-chain or off-chain user to simulate the effects of their deposit at the current block, given
     * current on-chain conditions.
     *
     * - MUST return as close to and no more than the exact amount of Vault shares that would be minted in a deposit
     *   call in the same transaction. I.e. deposit should return the same or more shares as previewDeposit if called
     *   in the same transaction.
     * - MUST NOT account for deposit limits like those returned from maxDeposit and should always act as though the
     *   deposit would be accepted, regardless if the user has enough tokens approved, etc.
     * - MUST be inclusive of deposit fees. Integrators should be aware of the existence of deposit fees.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     *
     * NOTE: any unfavorable discrepancy between convertToShares and previewDeposit SHOULD be considered slippage in
     * share price or some other type of condition, meaning the depositor will lose assets by depositing.
     */
    function previewDeposit(uint256 assets) external view returns (uint256 shares);

    /**
     * @dev Mints shares Vault shares to receiver by depositing exactly amount of underlying tokens.
     *
     * - MUST emit the Deposit event.
     * - MAY support an additional flow in which the underlying tokens are owned by the Vault contract before the
     *   deposit execution, and are accounted for during deposit.
     * - MUST revert if all of assets cannot be deposited (due to deposit limit being reached, slippage, the user not
     *   approving enough underlying tokens to the Vault contract, etc).
     *
     * NOTE: most implementations will require pre-approval of the Vault with the Vault’s underlying asset token.
     */
    function deposit(uint256 assets, address receiver) external returns (uint256 shares);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the maximum amount of the Vault shares that can be minted for the receiver, through a mint call.
     * - MUST return a limited value if receiver is subject to some mint limit.
     * - MUST return 2 ** 256 - 1 if there is no limit on the maximum amount of shares that may be minted.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     */
    function maxMint(address receiver) external view returns (uint256 maxShares);

    /**
     * @dev Allows an on-chain or off-chain user to simulate the effects of their mint at the current block, given
     * current on-chain conditions.
     *
     * - MUST return as close to and no fewer than the exact amount of assets that would be deposited in a mint call
     *   in the same transaction. I.e. mint should return the same or fewer assets as previewMint if called in the
     *   same transaction.
     * - MUST NOT account for mint limits like those returned from maxMint and should always act as though the mint
     *   would be accepted, regardless if the user has enough tokens approved, etc.
     * - MUST be inclusive of deposit fees. Integrators should be aware of the existence of deposit fees.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     *
     * NOTE: any unfavorable discrepancy between convertToAssets and previewMint SHOULD be considered slippage in
     * share price or some other type of condition, meaning the depositor will lose assets by minting.
     */
    function previewMint(uint256 shares) external view returns (uint256 assets);

    /**
     * @dev Mints exactly shares Vault shares to receiver by depositing amount of underlying tokens.
     *
     * - MUST emit the Deposit event.
     * - MAY support an additional flow in which the underlying tokens are owned by the Vault contract before the mint
     *   execution, and are accounted for during mint.
     * - MUST revert if all of shares cannot be minted (due to deposit limit being reached, slippage, the user not
     *   approving enough underlying tokens to the Vault contract, etc).
     *
     * NOTE: most implementations will require pre-approval of the Vault with the Vault’s underlying asset token.
     */
    function mint(uint256 shares, address receiver) external returns (uint256 assets);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the maximum amount of the underlying asset that can be withdrawn from the owner balance in the
     * Vault, through a withdraw call.
     *
     * - MUST return a limited value if owner is subject to some withdrawal limit or timelock.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     */
    function maxWithdraw(address owner) external view returns (uint256 maxAssets);

    /**
     * @dev Allows an on-chain or off-chain user to simulate the effects of their withdrawal at the current block,
     * given current on-chain conditions.
     *
     * - MUST return as close to and no fewer than the exact amount of Vault shares that would be burned in a withdraw
     *   call in the same transaction. I.e. withdraw should return the same or fewer shares as previewWithdraw if
     *   called
     *   in the same transaction.
     * - MUST NOT account for withdrawal limits like those returned from maxWithdraw and should always act as though
     *   the withdrawal would be accepted, regardless if the user has enough shares, etc.
     * - MUST be inclusive of withdrawal fees. Integrators should be aware of the existence of withdrawal fees.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     *
     * NOTE: any unfavorable discrepancy between convertToShares and previewWithdraw SHOULD be considered slippage in
     * share price or some other type of condition, meaning the depositor will lose assets by depositing.
     */
    function previewWithdraw(uint256 assets) external view returns (uint256 shares);

    /**
     * @dev Burns shares from owner and sends exactly assets of underlying tokens to receiver.
     *
     * - MUST emit the Withdraw event.
     * - MAY support an additional flow in which the underlying tokens are owned by the Vault contract before the
     *   withdraw execution, and are accounted for during withdraw.
     * - MUST revert if all of assets cannot be withdrawn (due to withdrawal limit being reached, slippage, the owner
     *   not having enough shares, etc).
     *
     * Note that some implementations will require pre-requesting to the Vault before a withdrawal may be performed.
     * Those methods should be performed separately.
     */
    function withdraw(uint256 assets, address receiver, address owner) external returns (uint256 shares);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the maximum amount of Vault shares that can be redeemed from the owner balance in the Vault,
     * through a redeem call.
     *
     * - MUST return a limited value if owner is subject to some withdrawal limit or timelock.
     * - MUST return balanceOf(owner) if owner is not subject to any withdrawal limit or timelock.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     */
    function maxRedeem(address owner) external view returns (uint256 maxShares);

    /**
     * @dev Allows an on-chain or off-chain user to simulate the effects of their redeemption at the current block,
     * given current on-chain conditions.
     *
     * - MUST return as close to and no more than the exact amount of assets that would be withdrawn in a redeem call
     *   in the same transaction. I.e. redeem should return the same or more assets as previewRedeem if called in the
     *   same transaction.
     * - MUST NOT account for redemption limits like those returned from maxRedeem and should always act as though the
     *   redemption would be accepted, regardless if the user has enough shares, etc.
     * - MUST be inclusive of withdrawal fees. Integrators should be aware of the existence of withdrawal fees.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     *
     * NOTE: any unfavorable discrepancy between convertToAssets and previewRedeem SHOULD be considered slippage in
     * share price or some other type of condition, meaning the depositor will lose assets by redeeming.
     */
    function previewRedeem(uint256 shares) external view returns (uint256 assets);

    /**
     * @dev Burns exactly shares from owner and sends assets of underlying tokens to receiver.
     *
     * - MUST emit the Withdraw event.
     * - MAY support an additional flow in which the underlying tokens are owned by the Vault contract before the
     *   redeem execution, and are accounted for during redeem.
     * - MUST revert if all of shares cannot be redeemed (due to withdrawal limit being reached, slippage, the owner
     *   not having enough shares, etc).
     *
     * NOTE: some implementations will require pre-requesting to the Vault before a withdrawal may be performed.
     * Those methods should be performed separately.
     */
    function redeem(uint256 shares, address receiver, address owner) external returns (uint256 assets);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC4906.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC165} from "./IERC165.sol";
import {IERC721} from "./IERC721.sol";

/// @title EIP-721 Metadata Update Extension
interface IERC4906 is IERC165, IERC721 {
    /// @dev This event emits when the metadata of a token is changed.
    /// So that the third-party platforms such as NFT market could
    /// timely update the images and related attributes of the NFT.
    event MetadataUpdate(uint256 _tokenId);

    /// @dev This event emits when the metadata of a range of tokens is changed.
    /// So that the third-party platforms such as NFT market could
    /// timely update the images and related attributes of the NFTs.
    event BatchMetadataUpdate(uint256 _fromTokenId, uint256 _toTokenId);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC5267.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

interface IERC5267 {
    /**
     * @dev MAY be emitted to signal that the domain could have changed.
     */
    event EIP712DomainChanged();

    /**
     * @dev returns the fields and values that describe the domain separator used by this contract for EIP-712
     * signature.
     */
    function eip712Domain()
        external
        view
        returns (
            bytes1 fields,
            string memory name,
            string memory version,
            uint256 chainId,
            address verifyingContract,
            bytes32 salt,
            uint256[] memory extensions
        );
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC5313.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface for the Light Contract Ownership Standard.
 *
 * A standardized minimal interface required to identify an account that controls a contract
 */
interface IERC5313 {
    /**
     * @dev Gets the address of the owner.
     */
    function owner() external view returns (address);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC5805.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IVotes} from "../governance/utils/IVotes.sol";
import {IERC6372} from "./IERC6372.sol";

interface IERC5805 is IERC6372, IVotes {}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC6372.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

interface IERC6372 {
    /**
     * @dev Clock used for flagging checkpoints. Can be overridden to implement timestamp based checkpoints (and voting).
     */
    function clock() external view returns (uint48);

    /**
     * @dev Description of the clock
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function CLOCK_MODE() external view returns (string memory);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (interfaces/IERC721Enumerable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC721Enumerable} from "../token/ERC721/extensions/IERC721Enumerable.sol";


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (interfaces/IERC721Metadata.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC721Metadata} from "../token/ERC721/extensions/IERC721Metadata.sol";


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (interfaces/IERC721Receiver.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC721Receiver} from "../token/ERC721/IERC721Receiver.sol";


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC777Token standard as defined in the EIP.
 *
 * This contract uses the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1820[ERC1820 registry standard] to let
 * token holders and recipients react to token movements by using setting implementers
 * for the associated interfaces in said registry. See {IERC1820Registry} and
 * {IERC1820Implementer}.
 */
interface IERC777 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `amount` tokens are created by `operator` and assigned to `to`.
     *
     * Note that some additional user `data` and `operatorData` can be logged in the event.
     */
    event Minted(address indexed operator, address indexed to, uint256 amount, bytes data, bytes operatorData);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `operator` destroys `amount` tokens from `account`.
     *
     * Note that some additional user `data` and `operatorData` can be logged in the event.
     */
    event Burned(address indexed operator, address indexed from, uint256 amount, bytes data, bytes operatorData);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `operator` is made operator for `tokenHolder`.
     */
    event AuthorizedOperator(address indexed operator, address indexed tokenHolder);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `operator` is revoked its operator status for `tokenHolder`.
     */
    event RevokedOperator(address indexed operator, address indexed tokenHolder);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the name of the token.
     */
    function name() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the symbol of the token, usually a shorter version of the
     * name.
     */
    function symbol() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest part of the token that is not divisible. This
     * means all token operations (creation, movement and destruction) must have
     * amounts that are a multiple of this number.
     *
     * For most token contracts, this value will equal 1.
     */
    function granularity() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
     */
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by an account (`owner`).
     */
    function balanceOf(address owner) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `recipient`.
     *
     * If send or receive hooks are registered for the caller and `recipient`,
     * the corresponding functions will be called with `data` and empty
     * `operatorData`. See {IERC777Sender} and {IERC777Recipient}.
     *
     * Emits a {Sent} event.
     *
     * Requirements
     *
     * - the caller must have at least `amount` tokens.
     * - `recipient` cannot be the zero address.
     * - if `recipient` is a contract, it must implement the {IERC777Recipient}
     * interface.
     */
    function send(address recipient, uint256 amount, bytes calldata data) external;

    /**
     * @dev Destroys `amount` tokens from the caller's account, reducing the
     * total supply.
     *
     * If a send hook is registered for the caller, the corresponding function
     * will be called with `data` and empty `operatorData`. See {IERC777Sender}.
     *
     * Emits a {Burned} event.
     *
     * Requirements
     *
     * - the caller must have at least `amount` tokens.
     */
    function burn(uint256 amount, bytes calldata data) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if an account is an operator of `tokenHolder`.
     * Operators can send and burn tokens on behalf of their owners. All
     * accounts are their own operator.
     *
     * See {operatorSend} and {operatorBurn}.
     */
    function isOperatorFor(address operator, address tokenHolder) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Make an account an operator of the caller.
     *
     * See {isOperatorFor}.
     *
     * Emits an {AuthorizedOperator} event.
     *
     * Requirements
     *
     * - `operator` cannot be calling address.
     */
    function authorizeOperator(address operator) external;

    /**
     * @dev Revoke an account's operator status for the caller.
     *
     * See {isOperatorFor} and {defaultOperators}.
     *
     * Emits a {RevokedOperator} event.
     *
     * Requirements
     *
     * - `operator` cannot be calling address.
     */
    function revokeOperator(address operator) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the list of default operators. These accounts are operators
     * for all token holders, even if {authorizeOperator} was never called on
     * them.
     *
     * This list is immutable, but individual holders may revoke these via
     * {revokeOperator}, in which case {isOperatorFor} will return false.
     */
    function defaultOperators() external view returns (address[] memory);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `sender` to `recipient`. The caller must
     * be an operator of `sender`.
     *
     * If send or receive hooks are registered for `sender` and `recipient`,
     * the corresponding functions will be called with `data` and
     * `operatorData`. See {IERC777Sender} and {IERC777Recipient}.
     *
     * Emits a {Sent} event.
     *
     * Requirements
     *
     * - `sender` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `sender` must have at least `amount` tokens.
     * - the caller must be an operator for `sender`.
     * - `recipient` cannot be the zero address.
     * - if `recipient` is a contract, it must implement the {IERC777Recipient}
     * interface.
     */
    function operatorSend(
        address sender,
        address recipient,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes calldata data,
        bytes calldata operatorData
    ) external;

    /**
     * @dev Destroys `amount` tokens from `account`, reducing the total supply.
     * The caller must be an operator of `account`.
     *
     * If a send hook is registered for `account`, the corresponding function
     * will be called with `data` and `operatorData`. See {IERC777Sender}.
     *
     * Emits a {Burned} event.
     *
     * Requirements
     *
     * - `account` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `account` must have at least `amount` tokens.
     * - the caller must be an operator for `account`.
     */
    function operatorBurn(address account, uint256 amount, bytes calldata data, bytes calldata operatorData) external;

    event Sent(
        address indexed operator,
        address indexed from,
        address indexed to,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes data,
        bytes operatorData
    );
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC777TokensRecipient standard as defined in the EIP.
 *
 * Accounts can be notified of {IERC777} tokens being sent to them by having a
 * contract implement this interface (contract holders can be their own
 * implementer) and registering it on the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1820[ERC1820 global registry].
 *
 * See {IERC1820Registry} and {IERC1820Implementer}.
 */
interface IERC777Recipient {
    /**
     * @dev Called by an {IERC777} token contract whenever tokens are being
     * moved or created into a registered account (`to`). The type of operation
     * is conveyed by `from` being the zero address or not.
     *
     * This call occurs _after_ the token contract's state is updated, so
     * {IERC777-balanceOf}, etc., can be used to query the post-operation state.
     *
     * This function may revert to prevent the operation from being executed.
     */
    function tokensReceived(
        address operator,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes calldata userData,
        bytes calldata operatorData
    ) external;
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC777TokensSender standard as defined in the EIP.
 *
 * {IERC777} Token holders can be notified of operations performed on their
 * tokens by having a contract implement this interface (contract holders can be
 * their own implementer) and registering it on the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1820[ERC1820 global registry].
 *
 * See {IERC1820Registry} and {IERC1820Implementer}.
 */
interface IERC777Sender {
    /**
     * @dev Called by an {IERC777} token contract whenever a registered holder's
     * (`from`) tokens are about to be moved or destroyed. The type of operation
     * is conveyed by `to` being the zero address or not.
     *
     * This call occurs _before_ the token contract's state is updated, so
     * {IERC777-balanceOf}, etc., can be used to query the pre-operation state.
     *
     * This function may revert to prevent the operation from being executed.
     */
    function tokensToSend(
        address operator,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes calldata userData,
        bytes calldata operatorData
    ) external;
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (interfaces/draft-IERC1822.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev ERC1822: Universal Upgradeable Proxy Standard (UUPS) documents a method for upgradeability through a simplified
 * proxy whose upgrades are fully controlled by the current implementation.
 */
interface IERC1822Proxiable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the storage slot that the proxiable contract assumes is being used to store the implementation
     * address.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: A proxy pointing at a proxiable contract should not be considered proxiable itself, because this risks
     * bricking a proxy that upgrades to it, by delegating to itself until out of gas. Thus it is critical that this
     * function revert if invoked through a proxy.
     */
    function proxiableUUID() external view returns (bytes32);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (metatx/ERC2771Context.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Context} from "../utils/Context.sol";

/**
 * @dev Context variant with ERC2771 support.
 *
 * WARNING: Avoid using this pattern in contracts that rely in a specific calldata length as they'll
 * be affected by any forwarder whose `msg.data` is suffixed with the `from` address according to the ERC2771
 * specification adding the address size in bytes (20) to the calldata size. An example of an unexpected
 * behavior could be an unintended fallback (or another function) invocation while trying to invoke the `receive`
 * function only accessible if `msg.data.length == 0`.
 */
abstract contract ERC2771Context is Context {
    /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow state-variable-immutable
    address private immutable _trustedForwarder;

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract with a trusted forwarder, which will be able to
     * invoke functions on this contract on behalf of other accounts.
     *
     * NOTE: The trusted forwarder can be replaced by overriding {trustedForwarder}.
     */
    /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow constructor
    constructor(address trustedForwarder_) {
        _trustedForwarder = trustedForwarder_;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the trusted forwarder.
     */
    function trustedForwarder() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _trustedForwarder;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Indicates whether any particular address is the trusted forwarder.
     */
    function isTrustedForwarder(address forwarder) public view virtual returns (bool) {
        return forwarder == trustedForwarder();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Override for `msg.sender`. Defaults to the original `msg.sender` whenever
     * a call is not performed by the trusted forwarder or the calldata length is less than
     * 20 bytes (an address length).
     */
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual override returns (address sender) {
        if (isTrustedForwarder(msg.sender) && msg.data.length >= 20) {
            // The assembly code is more direct than the Solidity version using `abi.decode`.
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                sender := shr(96, calldataload(sub(calldatasize(), 20)))
            }
        } else {
            return super._msgSender();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Override for `msg.data`. Defaults to the original `msg.data` whenever
     * a call is not performed by the trusted forwarder or the calldata length is less than
     * 20 bytes (an address length).
     */
    function _msgData() internal view virtual override returns (bytes calldata) {
        if (isTrustedForwarder(msg.sender) && msg.data.length >= 20) {
            return msg.data[:msg.data.length - 20];
        } else {
            return super._msgData();
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (metatx/ERC2771Forwarder.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ERC2771Context} from "./ERC2771Context.sol";
import {ECDSA} from "../utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol";
import {EIP712} from "../utils/cryptography/EIP712.sol";
import {Nonces} from "../utils/Nonces.sol";
import {Address} from "../utils/Address.sol";

/**
 * @dev A forwarder compatible with ERC2771 contracts. See {ERC2771Context}.
 *
 * This forwarder operates on forward requests that include:
 *
 * * `from`: An address to operate on behalf of. It is required to be equal to the request signer.
 * * `to`: The address that should be called.
 * * `value`: The amount of native token to attach with the requested call.
 * * `gas`: The amount of gas limit that will be forwarded with the requested call.
 * * `nonce`: A unique transaction ordering identifier to avoid replayability and request invalidation.
 * * `deadline`: A timestamp after which the request is not executable anymore.
 * * `data`: Encoded `msg.data` to send with the requested call.
 *
 * Relayers are able to submit batches if they are processing a high volume of requests. With high
 * throughput, relayers may run into limitations of the chain such as limits on the number of
 * transactions in the mempool. In these cases the recommendation is to distribute the load among
 * multiple accounts.
 *
 * NOTE: Batching requests includes an optional refund for unused `msg.value` that is achieved by
 * performing a call with empty calldata. While this is within the bounds of ERC-2771 compliance,
 * if the refund receiver happens to consider the forwarder a trusted forwarder, it MUST properly
 * handle `msg.data.length == 0`. `ERC2771Context` in OpenZeppelin Contracts versions prior to 4.9.3
 * do not handle this properly.
 *
 * ==== Security Considerations
 *
 * If a relayer submits a forward request, it should be willing to pay up to 100% of the gas amount
 * specified in the request. This contract does not implement any kind of retribution for this gas,
 * and it is assumed that there is an out of band incentive for relayers to pay for execution on
 * behalf of signers. Often, the relayer is operated by a project that will consider it a user
 * acquisition cost.
 *
 * By offering to pay for gas, relayers are at risk of having that gas used by an attacker toward
 * some other purpose that is not aligned with the expected out of band incentives. If you operate a
 * relayer, consider whitelisting target contracts and function selectors. When relaying ERC-721 or
 * ERC-1155 transfers specifically, consider rejecting the use of the `data` field, since it can be
 * used to execute arbitrary code.
 */
contract ERC2771Forwarder is EIP712, Nonces {
    using ECDSA for bytes32;

    struct ForwardRequestData {
        address from;
        address to;
        uint256 value;
        uint256 gas;
        uint48 deadline;
        bytes data;
        bytes signature;
    }

    bytes32 internal constant _FORWARD_REQUEST_TYPEHASH =
        keccak256(
            "ForwardRequest(address from,address to,uint256 value,uint256 gas,uint256 nonce,uint48 deadline,bytes data)"
        );

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when a `ForwardRequest` is executed.
     *
     * NOTE: An unsuccessful forward request could be due to an invalid signature, an expired deadline,
     * or simply a revert in the requested call. The contract guarantees that the relayer is not able to force
     * the requested call to run out of gas.
     */
    event ExecutedForwardRequest(address indexed signer, uint256 nonce, bool success);

    /**
     * @dev The request `from` doesn't match with the recovered `signer`.
     */
    error ERC2771ForwarderInvalidSigner(address signer, address from);

    /**
     * @dev The `requestedValue` doesn't match with the available `msgValue`.
     */
    error ERC2771ForwarderMismatchedValue(uint256 requestedValue, uint256 msgValue);

    /**
     * @dev The request `deadline` has expired.
     */
    error ERC2771ForwarderExpiredRequest(uint48 deadline);

    /**
     * @dev The request target doesn't trust the `forwarder`.
     */
    error ERC2771UntrustfulTarget(address target, address forwarder);

    /**
     * @dev See {EIP712-constructor}.
     */
    constructor(string memory name) EIP712(name, "1") {}

    /**
     * @dev Returns `true` if a request is valid for a provided `signature` at the current block timestamp.
     *
     * A transaction is considered valid when the target trusts this forwarder, the request hasn't expired
     * (deadline is not met), and the signer matches the `from` parameter of the signed request.
     *
     * NOTE: A request may return false here but it won't cause {executeBatch} to revert if a refund
     * receiver is provided.
     */
    function verify(ForwardRequestData calldata request) public view virtual returns (bool) {
        (bool isTrustedForwarder, bool active, bool signerMatch, ) = _validate(request);
        return isTrustedForwarder && active && signerMatch;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Executes a `request` on behalf of `signature`'s signer using the ERC-2771 protocol. The gas
     * provided to the requested call may not be exactly the amount requested, but the call will not run
     * out of gas. Will revert if the request is invalid or the call reverts, in this case the nonce is not consumed.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The request value should be equal to the provided `msg.value`.
     * - The request should be valid according to {verify}.
     */
    function execute(ForwardRequestData calldata request) public payable virtual {
        // We make sure that msg.value and request.value match exactly.
        // If the request is invalid or the call reverts, this whole function
        // will revert, ensuring value isn't stuck.
        if (msg.value != request.value) {
            revert ERC2771ForwarderMismatchedValue(request.value, msg.value);
        }

        if (!_execute(request, true)) {
            revert Address.FailedInnerCall();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Batch version of {execute} with optional refunding and atomic execution.
     *
     * In case a batch contains at least one invalid request (see {verify}), the
     * request will be skipped and the `refundReceiver` parameter will receive back the
     * unused requested value at the end of the execution. This is done to prevent reverting
     * the entire batch when a request is invalid or has already been submitted.
     *
     * If the `refundReceiver` is the `address(0)`, this function will revert when at least
     * one of the requests was not valid instead of skipping it. This could be useful if
     * a batch is required to get executed atomically (at least at the top-level). For example,
     * refunding (and thus atomicity) can be opt-out if the relayer is using a service that avoids
     * including reverted transactions.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The sum of the requests' values should be equal to the provided `msg.value`.
     * - All of the requests should be valid (see {verify}) when `refundReceiver` is the zero address.
     *
     * NOTE: Setting a zero `refundReceiver` guarantees an all-or-nothing requests execution only for
     * the first-level forwarded calls. In case a forwarded request calls to a contract with another
     * subcall, the second-level call may revert without the top-level call reverting.
     */
    function executeBatch(
        ForwardRequestData[] calldata requests,
        address payable refundReceiver
    ) public payable virtual {
        bool atomic = refundReceiver == address(0);

        uint256 requestsValue;
        uint256 refundValue;

        for (uint256 i; i < requests.length; ++i) {
            requestsValue += requests[i].value;
            bool success = _execute(requests[i], atomic);
            if (!success) {
                refundValue += requests[i].value;
            }
        }

        // The batch should revert if there's a mismatched msg.value provided
        // to avoid request value tampering
        if (requestsValue != msg.value) {
            revert ERC2771ForwarderMismatchedValue(requestsValue, msg.value);
        }

        // Some requests with value were invalid (possibly due to frontrunning).
        // To avoid leaving ETH in the contract this value is refunded.
        if (refundValue != 0) {
            // We know refundReceiver != address(0) && requestsValue == msg.value
            // meaning we can ensure refundValue is not taken from the original contract's balance
            // and refundReceiver is a known account.
            Address.sendValue(refundReceiver, refundValue);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Validates if the provided request can be executed at current block timestamp with
     * the given `request.signature` on behalf of `request.signer`.
     */
    function _validate(
        ForwardRequestData calldata request
    ) internal view virtual returns (bool isTrustedForwarder, bool active, bool signerMatch, address signer) {
        (bool isValid, address recovered) = _recoverForwardRequestSigner(request);

        return (
            _isTrustedByTarget(request.to),
            request.deadline >= block.timestamp,
            isValid && recovered == request.from,
            recovered
        );
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns a tuple with the recovered the signer of an EIP712 forward request message hash
     * and a boolean indicating if the signature is valid.
     *
     * NOTE: The signature is considered valid if {ECDSA-tryRecover} indicates no recover error for it.
     */
    function _recoverForwardRequestSigner(
        ForwardRequestData calldata request
    ) internal view virtual returns (bool, address) {
        (address recovered, ECDSA.RecoverError err, ) = _hashTypedDataV4(
            keccak256(
                abi.encode(
                    _FORWARD_REQUEST_TYPEHASH,
                    request.from,
                    request.to,
                    request.value,
                    request.gas,
                    nonces(request.from),
                    request.deadline,
                    keccak256(request.data)
                )
            )
        ).tryRecover(request.signature);

        return (err == ECDSA.RecoverError.NoError, recovered);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Validates and executes a signed request returning the request call `success` value.
     *
     * Internal function without msg.value validation.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The caller must have provided enough gas to forward with the call.
     * - The request must be valid (see {verify}) if the `requireValidRequest` is true.
     *
     * Emits an {ExecutedForwardRequest} event.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Using this function doesn't check that all the `msg.value` was sent, potentially
     * leaving value stuck in the contract.
     */
    function _execute(
        ForwardRequestData calldata request,
        bool requireValidRequest
    ) internal virtual returns (bool success) {
        (bool isTrustedForwarder, bool active, bool signerMatch, address signer) = _validate(request);

        // Need to explicitly specify if a revert is required since non-reverting is default for
        // batches and reversion is opt-in since it could be useful in some scenarios
        if (requireValidRequest) {
            if (!isTrustedForwarder) {
                revert ERC2771UntrustfulTarget(request.to, address(this));
            }

            if (!active) {
                revert ERC2771ForwarderExpiredRequest(request.deadline);
            }

            if (!signerMatch) {
                revert ERC2771ForwarderInvalidSigner(signer, request.from);
            }
        }

        // Ignore an invalid request because requireValidRequest = false
        if (isTrustedForwarder && signerMatch && active) {
            // Nonce should be used before the call to prevent reusing by reentrancy
            uint256 currentNonce = _useNonce(signer);

            uint256 reqGas = request.gas;
            address to = request.to;
            uint256 value = request.value;
            bytes memory data = abi.encodePacked(request.data, request.from);

            uint256 gasLeft;

            assembly {
                success := call(reqGas, to, value, add(data, 0x20), mload(data), 0, 0)
                gasLeft := gas()
            }

            _checkForwardedGas(gasLeft, request);

            emit ExecutedForwardRequest(signer, currentNonce, success);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether the target trusts this forwarder.
     *
     * This function performs a static call to the target contract calling the
     * {ERC2771Context-isTrustedForwarder} function.
     */
    function _isTrustedByTarget(address target) private view returns (bool) {
        bytes memory encodedParams = abi.encodeCall(ERC2771Context.isTrustedForwarder, (address(this)));

        bool success;
        uint256 returnSize;
        uint256 returnValue;
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            // Perform the staticcal and save the result in the scratch space.
            // | Location  | Content  | Content (Hex)                                                      |
            // |-----------|----------|--------------------------------------------------------------------|
            // |           |          |                                                           result ↓ |
            // | 0x00:0x1F | selector | 0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001 |
            success := staticcall(gas(), target, add(encodedParams, 0x20), mload(encodedParams), 0, 0x20)
            returnSize := returndatasize()
            returnValue := mload(0)
        }

        return success && returnSize >= 0x20 && returnValue > 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Checks if the requested gas was correctly forwarded to the callee.
     *
     * As a consequence of https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-150[EIP-150]:
     * - At most `gasleft() - floor(gasleft() / 64)` is forwarded to the callee.
     * - At least `floor(gasleft() / 64)` is kept in the caller.
     *
     * It reverts consuming all the available gas if the forwarded gas is not the requested gas.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: The `gasLeft` parameter should be measured exactly at the end of the forwarded call.
     * Any gas consumed in between will make room for bypassing this check.
     */
    function _checkForwardedGas(uint256 gasLeft, ForwardRequestData calldata request) private pure {
        // To avoid insufficient gas griefing attacks, as referenced in https://ronan.eth.limo/blog/ethereum-gas-dangers/
        //
        // A malicious relayer can attempt to shrink the gas forwarded so that the underlying call reverts out-of-gas
        // but the forwarding itself still succeeds. In order to make sure that the subcall received sufficient gas,
        // we will inspect gasleft() after the forwarding.
        //
        // Let X be the gas available before the subcall, such that the subcall gets at most X * 63 / 64.
        // We can't know X after CALL dynamic costs, but we want it to be such that X * 63 / 64 >= req.gas.
        // Let Y be the gas used in the subcall. gasleft() measured immediately after the subcall will be gasleft() = X - Y.
        // If the subcall ran out of gas, then Y = X * 63 / 64 and gasleft() = X - Y = X / 64.
        // Under this assumption req.gas / 63 > gasleft() is true is true if and only if
        // req.gas / 63 > X / 64, or equivalently req.gas > X * 63 / 64.
        // This means that if the subcall runs out of gas we are able to detect that insufficient gas was passed.
        //
        // We will now also see that req.gas / 63 > gasleft() implies that req.gas >= X * 63 / 64.
        // The contract guarantees Y <= req.gas, thus gasleft() = X - Y >= X - req.gas.
        // -    req.gas / 63 > gasleft()
        // -    req.gas / 63 >= X - req.gas
        // -    req.gas >= X * 63 / 64
        // In other words if req.gas < X * 63 / 64 then req.gas / 63 <= gasleft(), thus if the relayer behaves honestly
        // the forwarding does not revert.
        if (gasLeft < request.gas / 63) {
            // We explicitly trigger invalid opcode to consume all gas and bubble-up the effects, since
            // neither revert or assert consume all gas since Solidity 0.8.20
            // https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/v0.8.20/control-structures.html#panic-via-assert-and-error-via-require
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                invalid()
            }
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {AccessManaged} from "../access/manager/AccessManaged.sol";

abstract contract AccessManagedTarget is AccessManaged {
    event CalledRestricted(address caller);
    event CalledUnrestricted(address caller);

    function fnRestricted() public restricted {
        emit CalledRestricted(msg.sender);
    }

    function fnUnrestricted() public {
        emit CalledUnrestricted(msg.sender);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Arrays} from "../utils/Arrays.sol";

contract Uint256ArraysMock {
    using Arrays for uint256[];

    uint256[] private _array;

    constructor(uint256[] memory array) {
        _array = array;
    }

    function findUpperBound(uint256 element) external view returns (uint256) {
        return _array.findUpperBound(element);
    }

    function unsafeAccess(uint256 pos) external view returns (uint256) {
        return _array.unsafeAccess(pos).value;
    }
}

contract AddressArraysMock {
    using Arrays for address[];

    address[] private _array;

    constructor(address[] memory array) {
        _array = array;
    }

    function unsafeAccess(uint256 pos) external view returns (address) {
        return _array.unsafeAccess(pos).value;
    }
}

contract Bytes32ArraysMock {
    using Arrays for bytes32[];

    bytes32[] private _array;

    constructor(bytes32[] memory array) {
        _array = array;
    }

    function unsafeAccess(uint256 pos) external view returns (bytes32) {
        return _array.unsafeAccess(pos).value;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

contract CallReceiverMock {
    event MockFunctionCalled();
    event MockFunctionCalledWithArgs(uint256 a, uint256 b);

    uint256[] private _array;

    function mockFunction() public payable returns (string memory) {
        emit MockFunctionCalled();

        return "0x1234";
    }

    function mockFunctionEmptyReturn() public payable {
        emit MockFunctionCalled();
    }

    function mockFunctionWithArgs(uint256 a, uint256 b) public payable returns (string memory) {
        emit MockFunctionCalledWithArgs(a, b);

        return "0x1234";
    }

    function mockFunctionNonPayable() public returns (string memory) {
        emit MockFunctionCalled();

        return "0x1234";
    }

    function mockStaticFunction() public pure returns (string memory) {
        return "0x1234";
    }

    function mockFunctionRevertsNoReason() public payable {
        revert();
    }

    function mockFunctionRevertsReason() public payable {
        revert("CallReceiverMock: reverting");
    }

    function mockFunctionThrows() public payable {
        assert(false);
    }

    function mockFunctionOutOfGas() public payable {
        for (uint256 i = 0; ; ++i) {
            _array.push(i);
        }
    }

    function mockFunctionWritesStorage(bytes32 slot, bytes32 value) public returns (string memory) {
        assembly {
            sstore(slot, value)
        }
        return "0x1234";
    }
}

contract CallReceiverMockTrustingForwarder is CallReceiverMock {
    address private _trustedForwarder;

    constructor(address trustedForwarder_) {
        _trustedForwarder = trustedForwarder_;
    }

    function isTrustedForwarder(address forwarder) public view virtual returns (bool) {
        return forwarder == _trustedForwarder;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Context} from "../utils/Context.sol";

contract ContextMock is Context {
    event Sender(address sender);

    function msgSender() public {
        emit Sender(_msgSender());
    }

    event Data(bytes data, uint256 integerValue, string stringValue);

    function msgData(uint256 integerValue, string memory stringValue) public {
        emit Data(_msgData(), integerValue, stringValue);
    }

    event DataShort(bytes data);

    function msgDataShort() public {
        emit DataShort(_msgData());
    }
}

contract ContextMockCaller {
    function callSender(ContextMock context) public {
        context.msgSender();
    }

    function callData(ContextMock context, uint256 integerValue, string memory stringValue) public {
        context.msgData(integerValue, stringValue);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ERC1967Utils} from "../proxy/ERC1967/ERC1967Utils.sol";
import {StorageSlot} from "../utils/StorageSlot.sol";

abstract contract Impl {
    function version() public pure virtual returns (string memory);
}

contract DummyImplementation {
    uint256 public value;
    string public text;
    uint256[] public values;

    function initializeNonPayable() public {
        value = 10;
    }

    function initializePayable() public payable {
        value = 100;
    }

    function initializeNonPayableWithValue(uint256 _value) public {
        value = _value;
    }

    function initializePayableWithValue(uint256 _value) public payable {
        value = _value;
    }

    function initialize(uint256 _value, string memory _text, uint256[] memory _values) public {
        value = _value;
        text = _text;
        values = _values;
    }

    function get() public pure returns (bool) {
        return true;
    }

    function version() public pure virtual returns (string memory) {
        return "V1";
    }

    function reverts() public pure {
        require(false, "DummyImplementation reverted");
    }

    // Use for forcing an unsafe TransparentUpgradeableProxy admin override
    function unsafeOverrideAdmin(address newAdmin) public {
        StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(ERC1967Utils.ADMIN_SLOT).value = newAdmin;
    }
}

contract DummyImplementationV2 is DummyImplementation {
    function migrate(uint256 newVal) public payable {
        value = newVal;
    }

    function version() public pure override returns (string memory) {
        return "V2";
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ECDSA} from "../utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol";
import {EIP712} from "../utils/cryptography/EIP712.sol";

abstract contract EIP712Verifier is EIP712 {
    function verify(bytes memory signature, address signer, address mailTo, string memory mailContents) external view {
        bytes32 digest = _hashTypedDataV4(
            keccak256(abi.encode(keccak256("Mail(address to,string contents)"), mailTo, keccak256(bytes(mailContents))))
        );
        address recoveredSigner = ECDSA.recover(digest, signature);
        require(recoveredSigner == signer);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Ownable} from "../access/Ownable.sol";
import {IERC1271} from "../interfaces/IERC1271.sol";
import {ECDSA} from "../utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol";

contract ERC1271WalletMock is Ownable, IERC1271 {
    constructor(address originalOwner) Ownable(originalOwner) {}

    function isValidSignature(bytes32 hash, bytes memory signature) public view returns (bytes4 magicValue) {
        return ECDSA.recover(hash, signature) == owner() ? this.isValidSignature.selector : bytes4(0);
    }
}

contract ERC1271MaliciousMock is IERC1271 {
    function isValidSignature(bytes32, bytes memory) public pure returns (bytes4) {
        assembly {
            mstore(0, 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff)
            return(0, 32)
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC165} from "../../utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";

/**
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-214#specification
 * From the specification:
 * > Any attempts to make state-changing operations inside an execution instance with STATIC set to true will instead
 * throw an exception.
 * > These operations include [...], LOG0, LOG1, LOG2, [...]
 *
 * therefore, because this contract is staticcall'd we need to not emit events (which is how solidity-coverage works)
 * solidity-coverage ignores the /mocks folder, so we duplicate its implementation here to avoid instrumenting it
 */
contract SupportsInterfaceWithLookupMock is IERC165 {
    /*
     * bytes4(keccak256('supportsInterface(bytes4)')) == 0x01ffc9a7
     */
    bytes4 public constant INTERFACE_ID_ERC165 = 0x01ffc9a7;

    /**
     * @dev A mapping of interface id to whether or not it's supported.
     */
    mapping(bytes4 interfaceId => bool) private _supportedInterfaces;

    /**
     * @dev A contract implementing SupportsInterfaceWithLookup
     * implement ERC165 itself.
     */
    constructor() {
        _registerInterface(INTERFACE_ID_ERC165);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Implement supportsInterface(bytes4) using a lookup table.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view override returns (bool) {
        return _supportedInterfaces[interfaceId];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Private method for registering an interface.
     */
    function _registerInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) internal {
        require(interfaceId != 0xffffffff, "ERC165InterfacesSupported: invalid interface id");
        _supportedInterfaces[interfaceId] = true;
    }
}

contract ERC165InterfacesSupported is SupportsInterfaceWithLookupMock {
    constructor(bytes4[] memory interfaceIds) {
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < interfaceIds.length; i++) {
            _registerInterface(interfaceIds[i]);
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

contract ERC165MaliciousData {
    function supportsInterface(bytes4) public pure returns (bool) {
        assembly {
            mstore(0, 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff)
            return(0, 32)
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

contract ERC165MissingData {
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view {} // missing return
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

contract ERC165NotSupported {}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC165} from "../../utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";

contract ERC165ReturnBombMock is IERC165 {
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public pure override returns (bool) {
        if (interfaceId == type(IERC165).interfaceId) {
            assembly {
                mstore(0, 1)
            }
        }
        assembly {
            return(0, 101500)
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ContextMock} from "./ContextMock.sol";
import {Context} from "../utils/Context.sol";
import {ERC2771Context} from "../metatx/ERC2771Context.sol";

// By inheriting from ERC2771Context, Context's internal functions are overridden automatically
contract ERC2771ContextMock is ContextMock, ERC2771Context {
    /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow constructor
    constructor(address trustedForwarder) ERC2771Context(trustedForwarder) {
        emit Sender(_msgSender()); // _msgSender() should be accessible during construction
    }

    function _msgSender() internal view override(Context, ERC2771Context) returns (address) {
        return ERC2771Context._msgSender();
    }

    function _msgData() internal view override(Context, ERC2771Context) returns (bytes calldata) {
        return ERC2771Context._msgData();
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20} from "../token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
import {IERC3156FlashBorrower} from "../interfaces/IERC3156.sol";
import {Address} from "../utils/Address.sol";

/**
 * @dev WARNING: this IERC3156FlashBorrower mock implementation is for testing purposes ONLY.
 * Writing a secure flash lock borrower is not an easy task, and should be done with the utmost care.
 * This is not an example of how it should be done, and no pattern present in this mock should be considered secure.
 * Following best practices, always have your contract properly audited before using them to manipulate important funds on
 * live networks.
 */
contract ERC3156FlashBorrowerMock is IERC3156FlashBorrower {
    bytes32 internal constant _RETURN_VALUE = keccak256("ERC3156FlashBorrower.onFlashLoan");

    bool immutable _enableApprove;
    bool immutable _enableReturn;

    event BalanceOf(address token, address account, uint256 value);
    event TotalSupply(address token, uint256 value);

    constructor(bool enableReturn, bool enableApprove) {
        _enableApprove = enableApprove;
        _enableReturn = enableReturn;
    }

    function onFlashLoan(
        address /*initiator*/,
        address token,
        uint256 amount,
        uint256 fee,
        bytes calldata data
    ) public returns (bytes32) {
        require(msg.sender == token);

        emit BalanceOf(token, address(this), IERC20(token).balanceOf(address(this)));
        emit TotalSupply(token, IERC20(token).totalSupply());

        if (data.length > 0) {
            // WARNING: This code is for testing purposes only! Do not use.
            Address.functionCall(token, data);
        }

        if (_enableApprove) {
            IERC20(token).approve(token, amount + fee);
        }

        return _enableReturn ? _RETURN_VALUE : bytes32(0);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

contract EtherReceiverMock {
    bool private _acceptEther;

    function setAcceptEther(bool acceptEther) public {
        _acceptEther = acceptEther;
    }

    receive() external payable {
        if (!_acceptEther) {
            revert();
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Initializable} from "../proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";

/**
 * @title InitializableMock
 * @dev This contract is a mock to test initializable functionality
 */
contract InitializableMock is Initializable {
    bool public initializerRan;
    bool public onlyInitializingRan;
    uint256 public x;

    function isInitializing() public view returns (bool) {
        return _isInitializing();
    }

    function initialize() public initializer {
        initializerRan = true;
    }

    function initializeOnlyInitializing() public onlyInitializing {
        onlyInitializingRan = true;
    }

    function initializerNested() public initializer {
        initialize();
    }

    function onlyInitializingNested() public initializer {
        initializeOnlyInitializing();
    }

    function initializeWithX(uint256 _x) public payable initializer {
        x = _x;
    }

    function nonInitializable(uint256 _x) public payable {
        x = _x;
    }

    function fail() public pure {
        require(false, "InitializableMock forced failure");
    }
}

contract ConstructorInitializableMock is Initializable {
    bool public initializerRan;
    bool public onlyInitializingRan;

    constructor() initializer {
        initialize();
        initializeOnlyInitializing();
    }

    function initialize() public initializer {
        initializerRan = true;
    }

    function initializeOnlyInitializing() public onlyInitializing {
        onlyInitializingRan = true;
    }
}

contract ChildConstructorInitializableMock is ConstructorInitializableMock {
    bool public childInitializerRan;

    constructor() initializer {
        childInitialize();
    }

    function childInitialize() public initializer {
        childInitializerRan = true;
    }
}

contract ReinitializerMock is Initializable {
    uint256 public counter;

    function getInitializedVersion() public view returns (uint64) {
        return _getInitializedVersion();
    }

    function initialize() public initializer {
        doStuff();
    }

    function reinitialize(uint64 i) public reinitializer(i) {
        doStuff();
    }

    function nestedReinitialize(uint64 i, uint64 j) public reinitializer(i) {
        reinitialize(j);
    }

    function chainReinitialize(uint64 i, uint64 j) public {
        reinitialize(i);
        reinitialize(j);
    }

    function disableInitializers() public {
        _disableInitializers();
    }

    function doStuff() public onlyInitializing {
        counter++;
    }
}

contract DisableNew is Initializable {
    constructor() {
        _disableInitializers();
    }
}

contract DisableOld is Initializable {
    constructor() initializer {}
}

contract DisableBad1 is DisableNew, DisableOld {}

contract DisableBad2 is Initializable {
    constructor() initializer {
        _disableInitializers();
    }
}

contract DisableOk is DisableOld, DisableNew {}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ERC20MulticallMock} from "./token/ERC20MulticallMock.sol";

contract MulticallTest {
    function checkReturnValues(
        ERC20MulticallMock multicallToken,
        address[] calldata recipients,
        uint256[] calldata amounts
    ) external {
        bytes[] memory calls = new bytes[](recipients.length);
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < recipients.length; i++) {
            calls[i] = abi.encodeCall(multicallToken.transfer, (recipients[i], amounts[i]));
        }

        bytes[] memory results = multicallToken.multicall(calls);
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < results.length; i++) {
            require(abi.decode(results[i], (bool)));
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Initializable} from "../proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";

// Sample contracts showing upgradeability with multiple inheritance.
// Child contract inherits from Father and Mother contracts, and Father extends from Gramps.
//
//         Human
//       /       \
//      |       Gramps
//      |         |
//    Mother    Father
//      |         |
//      -- Child --

/**
 * Sample base initializable contract that is a human
 */
contract SampleHuman is Initializable {
    bool public isHuman;

    function initialize() public initializer {
        __SampleHuman_init();
    }

    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function __SampleHuman_init() internal onlyInitializing {
        __SampleHuman_init_unchained();
    }

    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function __SampleHuman_init_unchained() internal onlyInitializing {
        isHuman = true;
    }
}

/**
 * Sample base initializable contract that defines a field mother
 */
contract SampleMother is Initializable, SampleHuman {
    uint256 public mother;

    function initialize(uint256 value) public initializer {
        __SampleMother_init(value);
    }

    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function __SampleMother_init(uint256 value) internal onlyInitializing {
        __SampleHuman_init();
        __SampleMother_init_unchained(value);
    }

    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function __SampleMother_init_unchained(uint256 value) internal onlyInitializing {
        mother = value;
    }
}

/**
 * Sample base initializable contract that defines a field gramps
 */
contract SampleGramps is Initializable, SampleHuman {
    string public gramps;

    function initialize(string memory value) public initializer {
        __SampleGramps_init(value);
    }

    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function __SampleGramps_init(string memory value) internal onlyInitializing {
        __SampleHuman_init();
        __SampleGramps_init_unchained(value);
    }

    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function __SampleGramps_init_unchained(string memory value) internal onlyInitializing {
        gramps = value;
    }
}

/**
 * Sample base initializable contract that defines a field father and extends from gramps
 */
contract SampleFather is Initializable, SampleGramps {
    uint256 public father;

    function initialize(string memory _gramps, uint256 _father) public initializer {
        __SampleFather_init(_gramps, _father);
    }

    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function __SampleFather_init(string memory _gramps, uint256 _father) internal onlyInitializing {
        __SampleGramps_init(_gramps);
        __SampleFather_init_unchained(_father);
    }

    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function __SampleFather_init_unchained(uint256 _father) internal onlyInitializing {
        father = _father;
    }
}

/**
 * Child extends from mother, father (gramps)
 */
contract SampleChild is Initializable, SampleMother, SampleFather {
    uint256 public child;

    function initialize(uint256 _mother, string memory _gramps, uint256 _father, uint256 _child) public initializer {
        __SampleChild_init(_mother, _gramps, _father, _child);
    }

    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function __SampleChild_init(
        uint256 _mother,
        string memory _gramps,
        uint256 _father,
        uint256 _child
    ) internal onlyInitializing {
        __SampleMother_init(_mother);
        __SampleFather_init(_gramps, _father);
        __SampleChild_init_unchained(_child);
    }

    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function __SampleChild_init_unchained(uint256 _child) internal onlyInitializing {
        child = _child;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Pausable} from "../utils/Pausable.sol";

contract PausableMock is Pausable {
    bool public drasticMeasureTaken;
    uint256 public count;

    constructor() {
        drasticMeasureTaken = false;
        count = 0;
    }

    function normalProcess() external whenNotPaused {
        count++;
    }

    function drasticMeasure() external whenPaused {
        drasticMeasureTaken = true;
    }

    function pause() external {
        _pause();
    }

    function unpause() external {
        _unpause();
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Context} from "../utils/Context.sol";

contract ReentrancyAttack is Context {
    function callSender(bytes calldata data) public {
        (bool success, ) = _msgSender().call(data);
        require(success, "ReentrancyAttack: failed call");
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ReentrancyGuard} from "../utils/ReentrancyGuard.sol";
import {ReentrancyAttack} from "./ReentrancyAttack.sol";

contract ReentrancyMock is ReentrancyGuard {
    uint256 public counter;

    constructor() {
        counter = 0;
    }

    function callback() external nonReentrant {
        _count();
    }

    function countLocalRecursive(uint256 n) public nonReentrant {
        if (n > 0) {
            _count();
            countLocalRecursive(n - 1);
        }
    }

    function countThisRecursive(uint256 n) public nonReentrant {
        if (n > 0) {
            _count();
            (bool success, ) = address(this).call(abi.encodeCall(this.countThisRecursive, (n - 1)));
            require(success, "ReentrancyMock: failed call");
        }
    }

    function countAndCall(ReentrancyAttack attacker) public nonReentrant {
        _count();
        attacker.callSender(abi.encodeCall(this.callback, ()));
    }

    function _count() private {
        counter += 1;
    }

    function guardedCheckEntered() public nonReentrant {
        require(_reentrancyGuardEntered());
    }

    function unguardedCheckNotEntered() public view {
        require(!_reentrancyGuardEntered());
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Initializable} from "../proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";

contract Implementation1 is Initializable {
    uint256 internal _value;

    function initialize() public initializer {}

    function setValue(uint256 _number) public {
        _value = _number;
    }
}

contract Implementation2 is Initializable {
    uint256 internal _value;

    function initialize() public initializer {}

    function setValue(uint256 _number) public {
        _value = _number;
    }

    function getValue() public view returns (uint256) {
        return _value;
    }
}

contract Implementation3 is Initializable {
    uint256 internal _value;

    function initialize() public initializer {}

    function setValue(uint256 _number) public {
        _value = _number;
    }

    function getValue(uint256 _number) public view returns (uint256) {
        return _value + _number;
    }
}

contract Implementation4 is Initializable {
    uint256 internal _value;

    function initialize() public initializer {}

    function setValue(uint256 _number) public {
        _value = _number;
    }

    function getValue() public view returns (uint256) {
        return _value;
    }

    fallback() external {
        _value = 1;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Initializable} from "../proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";

/**
 * @title MigratableMockV1
 * @dev This contract is a mock to test initializable functionality through migrations
 */
contract MigratableMockV1 is Initializable {
    uint256 public x;

    function initialize(uint256 value) public payable initializer {
        x = value;
    }
}

/**
 * @title MigratableMockV2
 * @dev This contract is a mock to test migratable functionality with params
 */
contract MigratableMockV2 is MigratableMockV1 {
    bool internal _migratedV2;
    uint256 public y;

    function migrate(uint256 value, uint256 anotherValue) public payable {
        require(!_migratedV2);
        x = value;
        y = anotherValue;
        _migratedV2 = true;
    }
}

/**
 * @title MigratableMockV3
 * @dev This contract is a mock to test migratable functionality without params
 */
contract MigratableMockV3 is MigratableMockV2 {
    bool internal _migratedV3;

    function migrate() public payable {
        require(!_migratedV3);
        uint256 oldX = x;
        x = y;
        y = oldX;
        _migratedV3 = true;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {StorageSlot} from "../utils/StorageSlot.sol";

contract StorageSlotMock {
    using StorageSlot for *;

    function setBoolean(bytes32 slot, bool value) public {
        slot.getBooleanSlot().value = value;
    }

    function setAddress(bytes32 slot, address value) public {
        slot.getAddressSlot().value = value;
    }

    function setBytes32(bytes32 slot, bytes32 value) public {
        slot.getBytes32Slot().value = value;
    }

    function setUint256(bytes32 slot, uint256 value) public {
        slot.getUint256Slot().value = value;
    }

    function getBoolean(bytes32 slot) public view returns (bool) {
        return slot.getBooleanSlot().value;
    }

    function getAddress(bytes32 slot) public view returns (address) {
        return slot.getAddressSlot().value;
    }

    function getBytes32(bytes32 slot) public view returns (bytes32) {
        return slot.getBytes32Slot().value;
    }

    function getUint256(bytes32 slot) public view returns (uint256) {
        return slot.getUint256Slot().value;
    }

    mapping(uint256 key => string) public stringMap;

    function setString(bytes32 slot, string calldata value) public {
        slot.getStringSlot().value = value;
    }

    function setStringStorage(uint256 key, string calldata value) public {
        stringMap[key].getStringSlot().value = value;
    }

    function getString(bytes32 slot) public view returns (string memory) {
        return slot.getStringSlot().value;
    }

    function getStringStorage(uint256 key) public view returns (string memory) {
        return stringMap[key].getStringSlot().value;
    }

    mapping(uint256 key => bytes) public bytesMap;

    function setBytes(bytes32 slot, bytes calldata value) public {
        slot.getBytesSlot().value = value;
    }

    function setBytesStorage(uint256 key, bytes calldata value) public {
        bytesMap[key].getBytesSlot().value = value;
    }

    function getBytes(bytes32 slot) public view returns (bytes memory) {
        return slot.getBytesSlot().value;
    }

    function getBytesStorage(uint256 key) public view returns (bytes memory) {
        return bytesMap[key].getBytesSlot().value;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Address} from "../utils/Address.sol";

contract TimelockReentrant {
    address private _reenterTarget;
    bytes private _reenterData;
    bool _reentered;

    function disableReentrancy() external {
        _reentered = true;
    }

    function enableRentrancy(address target, bytes calldata data) external {
        _reenterTarget = target;
        _reenterData = data;
    }

    function reenter() external {
        if (!_reentered) {
            _reentered = true;
            Address.functionCall(_reenterTarget, _reenterData);
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IBeacon} from "../proxy/beacon/IBeacon.sol";

contract UpgradeableBeaconMock is IBeacon {
    address public implementation;

    constructor(address impl) {
        implementation = impl;
    }
}

interface IProxyExposed {
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function $getBeacon() external view returns (address);
}

contract UpgradeableBeaconReentrantMock is IBeacon {
    error BeaconProxyBeaconSlotAddress(address beacon);

    function implementation() external view override returns (address) {
        // Revert with the beacon seen in the proxy at the moment of calling to check if it's
        // set before the call.
        revert BeaconProxyBeaconSlotAddress(IProxyExposed(msg.sender).$getBeacon());
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Votes} from "../governance/utils/Votes.sol";

abstract contract VotesMock is Votes {
    mapping(address voter => uint256) private _votingUnits;

    function getTotalSupply() public view returns (uint256) {
        return _getTotalSupply();
    }

    function delegate(address account, address newDelegation) public {
        return _delegate(account, newDelegation);
    }

    function _getVotingUnits(address account) internal view override returns (uint256) {
        return _votingUnits[account];
    }

    function _mint(address account, uint256 votes) internal {
        _votingUnits[account] += votes;
        _transferVotingUnits(address(0), account, votes);
    }

    function _burn(address account, uint256 votes) internal {
        _votingUnits[account] += votes;
        _transferVotingUnits(account, address(0), votes);
    }
}

abstract contract VotesTimestampMock is VotesMock {
    function clock() public view override returns (uint48) {
        return uint48(block.timestamp);
    }

    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function CLOCK_MODE() public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        return "mode=timestamp";
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
// solhint-disable private-vars-leading-underscore
/**
 * Copyright 2020 Compound Labs, Inc.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the
 * following conditions are met:
 *
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
 *    disclaimer.
 *
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the
 *    following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * 3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote
 *    products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES,
 * INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
 * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
 * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
 * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

contract CompTimelock {
    event NewAdmin(address indexed newAdmin);
    event NewPendingAdmin(address indexed newPendingAdmin);
    event NewDelay(uint256 indexed newDelay);
    event CancelTransaction(
        bytes32 indexed txHash,
        address indexed target,
        uint256 value,
        string signature,
        bytes data,
        uint256 eta
    );
    event ExecuteTransaction(
        bytes32 indexed txHash,
        address indexed target,
        uint256 value,
        string signature,
        bytes data,
        uint256 eta
    );
    event QueueTransaction(
        bytes32 indexed txHash,
        address indexed target,
        uint256 value,
        string signature,
        bytes data,
        uint256 eta
    );

    uint256 public constant GRACE_PERIOD = 14 days;
    uint256 public constant MINIMUM_DELAY = 2 days;
    uint256 public constant MAXIMUM_DELAY = 30 days;

    address public admin;
    address public pendingAdmin;
    uint256 public delay;

    mapping(bytes32 => bool) public queuedTransactions;

    constructor(address admin_, uint256 delay_) {
        require(delay_ >= MINIMUM_DELAY, "Timelock::constructor: Delay must exceed minimum delay.");
        require(delay_ <= MAXIMUM_DELAY, "Timelock::setDelay: Delay must not exceed maximum delay.");

        admin = admin_;
        delay = delay_;
    }

    receive() external payable {}

    function setDelay(uint256 delay_) public {
        require(msg.sender == address(this), "Timelock::setDelay: Call must come from Timelock.");
        require(delay_ >= MINIMUM_DELAY, "Timelock::setDelay: Delay must exceed minimum delay.");
        require(delay_ <= MAXIMUM_DELAY, "Timelock::setDelay: Delay must not exceed maximum delay.");
        delay = delay_;

        emit NewDelay(delay);
    }

    function acceptAdmin() public {
        require(msg.sender == pendingAdmin, "Timelock::acceptAdmin: Call must come from pendingAdmin.");
        admin = msg.sender;
        pendingAdmin = address(0);

        emit NewAdmin(admin);
    }

    function setPendingAdmin(address pendingAdmin_) public {
        require(msg.sender == address(this), "Timelock::setPendingAdmin: Call must come from Timelock.");
        pendingAdmin = pendingAdmin_;

        emit NewPendingAdmin(pendingAdmin);
    }

    function queueTransaction(
        address target,
        uint256 value,
        string memory signature,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 eta
    ) public returns (bytes32) {
        require(msg.sender == admin, "Timelock::queueTransaction: Call must come from admin.");
        require(
            eta >= getBlockTimestamp() + delay,
            "Timelock::queueTransaction: Estimated execution block must satisfy delay."
        );

        bytes32 txHash = keccak256(abi.encode(target, value, signature, data, eta));
        queuedTransactions[txHash] = true;

        emit QueueTransaction(txHash, target, value, signature, data, eta);
        return txHash;
    }

    function cancelTransaction(
        address target,
        uint256 value,
        string memory signature,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 eta
    ) public {
        require(msg.sender == admin, "Timelock::cancelTransaction: Call must come from admin.");

        bytes32 txHash = keccak256(abi.encode(target, value, signature, data, eta));
        queuedTransactions[txHash] = false;

        emit CancelTransaction(txHash, target, value, signature, data, eta);
    }

    function executeTransaction(
        address target,
        uint256 value,
        string memory signature,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 eta
    ) public payable returns (bytes memory) {
        require(msg.sender == admin, "Timelock::executeTransaction: Call must come from admin.");

        bytes32 txHash = keccak256(abi.encode(target, value, signature, data, eta));
        require(queuedTransactions[txHash], "Timelock::executeTransaction: Transaction hasn't been queued.");
        require(getBlockTimestamp() >= eta, "Timelock::executeTransaction: Transaction hasn't surpassed time lock.");
        require(getBlockTimestamp() <= eta + GRACE_PERIOD, "Timelock::executeTransaction: Transaction is stale.");

        queuedTransactions[txHash] = false;

        bytes memory callData;

        if (bytes(signature).length == 0) {
            callData = data;
        } else {
            callData = abi.encodePacked(bytes4(keccak256(bytes(signature))), data);
        }

        // solium-disable-next-line security/no-call-value
        (bool success, bytes memory returnData) = target.call{value: value}(callData);
        require(success, "Timelock::executeTransaction: Transaction execution reverted.");

        emit ExecuteTransaction(txHash, target, value, signature, data, eta);

        return returnData;
    }

    function getBlockTimestamp() internal view returns (uint256) {
        // solium-disable-next-line security/no-block-members
        return block.timestamp;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20} from "../../token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
import {ERC4626} from "../../token/ERC20/extensions/ERC4626.sol";
import {SafeERC20} from "../../token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol";
import {Math} from "../../utils/math/Math.sol";

/// @dev ERC4626 vault with entry/exit fees expressed in https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basis_point[basis point (bp)].
abstract contract ERC4626Fees is ERC4626 {
    using Math for uint256;

    uint256 private constant _BASIS_POINT_SCALE = 1e4;

    // === Overrides ===

    /// @dev Preview taking an entry fee on deposit. See {IERC4626-previewDeposit}.
    function previewDeposit(uint256 assets) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        uint256 fee = _feeOnTotal(assets, _entryFeeBasisPoints());
        return super.previewDeposit(assets - fee);
    }

    /// @dev Preview adding an entry fee on mint. See {IERC4626-previewMint}.
    function previewMint(uint256 shares) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        uint256 assets = super.previewMint(shares);
        return assets + _feeOnRaw(assets, _entryFeeBasisPoints());
    }

    /// @dev Preview adding an exit fee on withdraw. See {IERC4626-previewWithdraw}.
    function previewWithdraw(uint256 assets) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        uint256 fee = _feeOnRaw(assets, _exitFeeBasisPoints());
        return super.previewWithdraw(assets + fee);
    }

    /// @dev Preview taking an exit fee on redeem. See {IERC4626-previewRedeem}.
    function previewRedeem(uint256 shares) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        uint256 assets = super.previewRedeem(shares);
        return assets - _feeOnTotal(assets, _exitFeeBasisPoints());
    }

    /// @dev Send entry fee to {_entryFeeRecipient}. See {IERC4626-_deposit}.
    function _deposit(address caller, address receiver, uint256 assets, uint256 shares) internal virtual override {
        uint256 fee = _feeOnTotal(assets, _entryFeeBasisPoints());
        address recipient = _entryFeeRecipient();

        super._deposit(caller, receiver, assets, shares);

        if (fee > 0 && recipient != address(this)) {
            SafeERC20.safeTransfer(IERC20(asset()), recipient, fee);
        }
    }

    /// @dev Send exit fee to {_exitFeeRecipient}. See {IERC4626-_deposit}.
    function _withdraw(
        address caller,
        address receiver,
        address owner,
        uint256 assets,
        uint256 shares
    ) internal virtual override {
        uint256 fee = _feeOnRaw(assets, _exitFeeBasisPoints());
        address recipient = _exitFeeRecipient();

        super._withdraw(caller, receiver, owner, assets, shares);

        if (fee > 0 && recipient != address(this)) {
            SafeERC20.safeTransfer(IERC20(asset()), recipient, fee);
        }
    }

    // === Fee configuration ===

    function _entryFeeBasisPoints() internal view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return 0; // replace with e.g. 100 for 1%
    }

    function _exitFeeBasisPoints() internal view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return 0; // replace with e.g. 100 for 1%
    }

    function _entryFeeRecipient() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return address(0); // replace with e.g. a treasury address
    }

    function _exitFeeRecipient() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return address(0); // replace with e.g. a treasury address
    }

    // === Fee operations ===

    /// @dev Calculates the fees that should be added to an amount `assets` that does not already include fees.
    /// Used in {IERC4626-mint} and {IERC4626-withdraw} operations.
    function _feeOnRaw(uint256 assets, uint256 feeBasisPoints) private pure returns (uint256) {
        return assets.mulDiv(feeBasisPoints, _BASIS_POINT_SCALE, Math.Rounding.Ceil);
    }

    /// @dev Calculates the fee part of an amount `assets` that already includes fees.
    /// Used in {IERC4626-deposit} and {IERC4626-redeem} operations.
    function _feeOnTotal(uint256 assets, uint256 feeBasisPoints) private pure returns (uint256) {
        return assets.mulDiv(feeBasisPoints, feeBasisPoints + _BASIS_POINT_SCALE, Math.Rounding.Ceil);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IGovernor, Governor} from "../../../governance/Governor.sol";
import {GovernorCountingSimple} from "../../../governance/extensions/GovernorCountingSimple.sol";
import {GovernorVotes} from "../../../governance/extensions/GovernorVotes.sol";
import {GovernorVotesQuorumFraction} from "../../../governance/extensions/GovernorVotesQuorumFraction.sol";
import {GovernorTimelockControl} from "../../../governance/extensions/GovernorTimelockControl.sol";
import {TimelockController} from "../../../governance/TimelockController.sol";
import {IVotes} from "../../../governance/utils/IVotes.sol";
import {IERC165} from "../../../interfaces/IERC165.sol";

contract MyGovernor is
    Governor,
    GovernorCountingSimple,
    GovernorVotes,
    GovernorVotesQuorumFraction,
    GovernorTimelockControl
{
    constructor(
        IVotes _token,
        TimelockController _timelock
    ) Governor("MyGovernor") GovernorVotes(_token) GovernorVotesQuorumFraction(4) GovernorTimelockControl(_timelock) {}

    function votingDelay() public pure override returns (uint256) {
        return 7200; // 1 day
    }

    function votingPeriod() public pure override returns (uint256) {
        return 50400; // 1 week
    }

    function proposalThreshold() public pure override returns (uint256) {
        return 0;
    }

    // The functions below are overrides required by Solidity.

    function state(uint256 proposalId) public view override(Governor, GovernorTimelockControl) returns (ProposalState) {
        return super.state(proposalId);
    }

    function proposalNeedsQueuing(
        uint256 proposalId
    ) public view virtual override(Governor, GovernorTimelockControl) returns (bool) {
        return super.proposalNeedsQueuing(proposalId);
    }

    function _queueOperations(
        uint256 proposalId,
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 descriptionHash
    ) internal override(Governor, GovernorTimelockControl) returns (uint48) {
        return super._queueOperations(proposalId, targets, values, calldatas, descriptionHash);
    }

    function _executeOperations(
        uint256 proposalId,
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 descriptionHash
    ) internal override(Governor, GovernorTimelockControl) {
        super._executeOperations(proposalId, targets, values, calldatas, descriptionHash);
    }

    function _cancel(
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 descriptionHash
    ) internal override(Governor, GovernorTimelockControl) returns (uint256) {
        return super._cancel(targets, values, calldatas, descriptionHash);
    }

    function _executor() internal view override(Governor, GovernorTimelockControl) returns (address) {
        return super._executor();
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ERC20} from "../../../token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";
import {ERC20Permit} from "../../../token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Permit.sol";
import {ERC20Votes} from "../../../token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Votes.sol";
import {Nonces} from "../../../utils/Nonces.sol";

contract MyToken is ERC20, ERC20Permit, ERC20Votes {
    constructor() ERC20("MyToken", "MTK") ERC20Permit("MyToken") {}

    // The functions below are overrides required by Solidity.

    function _update(address from, address to, uint256 amount) internal override(ERC20, ERC20Votes) {
        super._update(from, to, amount);
    }

    function nonces(address owner) public view virtual override(ERC20Permit, Nonces) returns (uint256) {
        return super.nonces(owner);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ERC20} from "../../../token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";
import {ERC20Permit} from "../../../token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Permit.sol";
import {ERC20Votes} from "../../../token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Votes.sol";
import {Nonces} from "../../../utils/Nonces.sol";

contract MyTokenTimestampBased is ERC20, ERC20Permit, ERC20Votes {
    constructor() ERC20("MyTokenTimestampBased", "MTK") ERC20Permit("MyTokenTimestampBased") {}

    // Overrides IERC6372 functions to make the token & governor timestamp-based

    function clock() public view override returns (uint48) {
        return uint48(block.timestamp);
    }

    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function CLOCK_MODE() public pure override returns (string memory) {
        return "mode=timestamp";
    }

    // The functions below are overrides required by Solidity.

    function _update(address from, address to, uint256 amount) internal override(ERC20, ERC20Votes) {
        super._update(from, to, amount);
    }

    function nonces(address owner) public view virtual override(ERC20Permit, Nonces) returns (uint256) {
        return super.nonces(owner);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20, ERC20} from "../../../token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";
import {ERC20Permit} from "../../../token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Permit.sol";
import {ERC20Votes} from "../../../token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Votes.sol";
import {ERC20Wrapper} from "../../../token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Wrapper.sol";
import {Nonces} from "../../../utils/Nonces.sol";

contract MyTokenWrapped is ERC20, ERC20Permit, ERC20Votes, ERC20Wrapper {
    constructor(
        IERC20 wrappedToken
    ) ERC20("MyTokenWrapped", "MTK") ERC20Permit("MyTokenWrapped") ERC20Wrapper(wrappedToken) {}

    // The functions below are overrides required by Solidity.

    function decimals() public view override(ERC20, ERC20Wrapper) returns (uint8) {
        return super.decimals();
    }

    function _update(address from, address to, uint256 amount) internal override(ERC20, ERC20Votes) {
        super._update(from, to, amount);
    }

    function nonces(address owner) public view virtual override(ERC20Permit, Nonces) returns (uint256) {
        return super.nonces(owner);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Governor} from "../../governance/Governor.sol";
import {GovernorSettings} from "../../governance/extensions/GovernorSettings.sol";
import {GovernorCountingSimple} from "../../governance/extensions/GovernorCountingSimple.sol";
import {GovernorVotesQuorumFraction} from "../../governance/extensions/GovernorVotesQuorumFraction.sol";

abstract contract GovernorMock is GovernorSettings, GovernorVotesQuorumFraction, GovernorCountingSimple {
    function proposalThreshold() public view override(Governor, GovernorSettings) returns (uint256) {
        return super.proposalThreshold();
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Governor} from "../../governance/Governor.sol";
import {GovernorPreventLateQuorum} from "../../governance/extensions/GovernorPreventLateQuorum.sol";
import {GovernorSettings} from "../../governance/extensions/GovernorSettings.sol";
import {GovernorCountingSimple} from "../../governance/extensions/GovernorCountingSimple.sol";
import {GovernorVotes} from "../../governance/extensions/GovernorVotes.sol";

abstract contract GovernorPreventLateQuorumMock is
    GovernorSettings,
    GovernorVotes,
    GovernorCountingSimple,
    GovernorPreventLateQuorum
{
    uint256 private _quorum;

    constructor(uint256 quorum_) {
        _quorum = quorum_;
    }

    function quorum(uint256) public view override returns (uint256) {
        return _quorum;
    }

    function proposalDeadline(
        uint256 proposalId
    ) public view override(Governor, GovernorPreventLateQuorum) returns (uint256) {
        return super.proposalDeadline(proposalId);
    }

    function proposalThreshold() public view override(Governor, GovernorSettings) returns (uint256) {
        return super.proposalThreshold();
    }

    function _castVote(
        uint256 proposalId,
        address account,
        uint8 support,
        string memory reason,
        bytes memory params
    ) internal override(Governor, GovernorPreventLateQuorum) returns (uint256) {
        return super._castVote(proposalId, account, support, reason, params);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.19;

import {IGovernor, Governor} from "../../governance/Governor.sol";
import {GovernorTimelockControl} from "../../governance/extensions/GovernorTimelockControl.sol";
import {GovernorSettings} from "../../governance/extensions/GovernorSettings.sol";
import {GovernorCountingSimple} from "../../governance/extensions/GovernorCountingSimple.sol";
import {GovernorVotesQuorumFraction} from "../../governance/extensions/GovernorVotesQuorumFraction.sol";
import {GovernorStorage} from "../../governance/extensions/GovernorStorage.sol";

abstract contract GovernorStorageMock is
    GovernorSettings,
    GovernorTimelockControl,
    GovernorVotesQuorumFraction,
    GovernorCountingSimple,
    GovernorStorage
{
    function quorum(uint256 blockNumber) public view override(Governor, GovernorVotesQuorumFraction) returns (uint256) {
        return super.quorum(blockNumber);
    }

    function state(uint256 proposalId) public view override(Governor, GovernorTimelockControl) returns (ProposalState) {
        return super.state(proposalId);
    }

    function proposalThreshold() public view override(Governor, GovernorSettings) returns (uint256) {
        return super.proposalThreshold();
    }

    function proposalNeedsQueuing(
        uint256 proposalId
    ) public view virtual override(Governor, GovernorTimelockControl) returns (bool) {
        return super.proposalNeedsQueuing(proposalId);
    }

    function _propose(
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        string memory description,
        address proposer
    ) internal virtual override(Governor, GovernorStorage) returns (uint256) {
        return super._propose(targets, values, calldatas, description, proposer);
    }

    function _queueOperations(
        uint256 proposalId,
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 descriptionHash
    ) internal override(Governor, GovernorTimelockControl) returns (uint48) {
        return super._queueOperations(proposalId, targets, values, calldatas, descriptionHash);
    }

    function _executeOperations(
        uint256 proposalId,
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 descriptionHash
    ) internal override(Governor, GovernorTimelockControl) {
        super._executeOperations(proposalId, targets, values, calldatas, descriptionHash);
    }

    function _cancel(
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 descriptionHash
    ) internal override(Governor, GovernorTimelockControl) returns (uint256) {
        return super._cancel(targets, values, calldatas, descriptionHash);
    }

    function _executor() internal view override(Governor, GovernorTimelockControl) returns (address) {
        return super._executor();
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IGovernor, Governor} from "../../governance/Governor.sol";
import {GovernorTimelockAccess} from "../../governance/extensions/GovernorTimelockAccess.sol";
import {GovernorSettings} from "../../governance/extensions/GovernorSettings.sol";
import {GovernorCountingSimple} from "../../governance/extensions/GovernorCountingSimple.sol";
import {GovernorVotesQuorumFraction} from "../../governance/extensions/GovernorVotesQuorumFraction.sol";

abstract contract GovernorTimelockAccessMock is
    GovernorSettings,
    GovernorTimelockAccess,
    GovernorVotesQuorumFraction,
    GovernorCountingSimple
{
    function nonGovernanceFunction() external {}

    function quorum(uint256 blockNumber) public view override(Governor, GovernorVotesQuorumFraction) returns (uint256) {
        return super.quorum(blockNumber);
    }

    function proposalThreshold() public view override(Governor, GovernorSettings) returns (uint256) {
        return super.proposalThreshold();
    }

    function proposalNeedsQueuing(
        uint256 proposalId
    ) public view virtual override(Governor, GovernorTimelockAccess) returns (bool) {
        return super.proposalNeedsQueuing(proposalId);
    }

    function propose(
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        string memory description
    ) public override(Governor, GovernorTimelockAccess) returns (uint256) {
        return super.propose(targets, values, calldatas, description);
    }

    function _queueOperations(
        uint256 proposalId,
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 descriptionHash
    ) internal override(Governor, GovernorTimelockAccess) returns (uint48) {
        return super._queueOperations(proposalId, targets, values, calldatas, descriptionHash);
    }

    function _executeOperations(
        uint256 proposalId,
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 descriptionHash
    ) internal override(Governor, GovernorTimelockAccess) {
        super._executeOperations(proposalId, targets, values, calldatas, descriptionHash);
    }

    function _cancel(
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 descriptionHash
    ) internal override(Governor, GovernorTimelockAccess) returns (uint256) {
        return super._cancel(targets, values, calldatas, descriptionHash);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IGovernor, Governor} from "../../governance/Governor.sol";
import {GovernorTimelockCompound} from "../../governance/extensions/GovernorTimelockCompound.sol";
import {GovernorSettings} from "../../governance/extensions/GovernorSettings.sol";
import {GovernorCountingSimple} from "../../governance/extensions/GovernorCountingSimple.sol";
import {GovernorVotesQuorumFraction} from "../../governance/extensions/GovernorVotesQuorumFraction.sol";

abstract contract GovernorTimelockCompoundMock is
    GovernorSettings,
    GovernorTimelockCompound,
    GovernorVotesQuorumFraction,
    GovernorCountingSimple
{
    function quorum(uint256 blockNumber) public view override(Governor, GovernorVotesQuorumFraction) returns (uint256) {
        return super.quorum(blockNumber);
    }

    function state(
        uint256 proposalId
    ) public view override(Governor, GovernorTimelockCompound) returns (ProposalState) {
        return super.state(proposalId);
    }

    function proposalThreshold() public view override(Governor, GovernorSettings) returns (uint256) {
        return super.proposalThreshold();
    }

    function proposalNeedsQueuing(
        uint256 proposalId
    ) public view virtual override(Governor, GovernorTimelockCompound) returns (bool) {
        return super.proposalNeedsQueuing(proposalId);
    }

    function _queueOperations(
        uint256 proposalId,
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 descriptionHash
    ) internal override(Governor, GovernorTimelockCompound) returns (uint48) {
        return super._queueOperations(proposalId, targets, values, calldatas, descriptionHash);
    }

    function _executeOperations(
        uint256 proposalId,
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 descriptionHash
    ) internal override(Governor, GovernorTimelockCompound) {
        super._executeOperations(proposalId, targets, values, calldatas, descriptionHash);
    }

    function _cancel(
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 descriptionHash
    ) internal override(Governor, GovernorTimelockCompound) returns (uint256) {
        return super._cancel(targets, values, calldatas, descriptionHash);
    }

    function _executor() internal view override(Governor, GovernorTimelockCompound) returns (address) {
        return super._executor();
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IGovernor, Governor} from "../../governance/Governor.sol";
import {GovernorTimelockControl} from "../../governance/extensions/GovernorTimelockControl.sol";
import {GovernorSettings} from "../../governance/extensions/GovernorSettings.sol";
import {GovernorCountingSimple} from "../../governance/extensions/GovernorCountingSimple.sol";
import {GovernorVotesQuorumFraction} from "../../governance/extensions/GovernorVotesQuorumFraction.sol";

abstract contract GovernorTimelockControlMock is
    GovernorSettings,
    GovernorTimelockControl,
    GovernorVotesQuorumFraction,
    GovernorCountingSimple
{
    function quorum(uint256 blockNumber) public view override(Governor, GovernorVotesQuorumFraction) returns (uint256) {
        return super.quorum(blockNumber);
    }

    function state(uint256 proposalId) public view override(Governor, GovernorTimelockControl) returns (ProposalState) {
        return super.state(proposalId);
    }

    function proposalThreshold() public view override(Governor, GovernorSettings) returns (uint256) {
        return super.proposalThreshold();
    }

    function proposalNeedsQueuing(
        uint256 proposalId
    ) public view virtual override(Governor, GovernorTimelockControl) returns (bool) {
        return super.proposalNeedsQueuing(proposalId);
    }

    function _queueOperations(
        uint256 proposalId,
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 descriptionHash
    ) internal override(Governor, GovernorTimelockControl) returns (uint48) {
        return super._queueOperations(proposalId, targets, values, calldatas, descriptionHash);
    }

    function _executeOperations(
        uint256 proposalId,
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 descriptionHash
    ) internal override(Governor, GovernorTimelockControl) {
        super._executeOperations(proposalId, targets, values, calldatas, descriptionHash);
    }

    function _cancel(
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 descriptionHash
    ) internal override(Governor, GovernorTimelockControl) returns (uint256) {
        return super._cancel(targets, values, calldatas, descriptionHash);
    }

    function _executor() internal view override(Governor, GovernorTimelockControl) returns (address) {
        return super._executor();
    }

    function nonGovernanceFunction() external {}
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {GovernorCountingSimple} from "../../governance/extensions/GovernorCountingSimple.sol";
import {GovernorVotes} from "../../governance/extensions/GovernorVotes.sol";

abstract contract GovernorVoteMocks is GovernorVotes, GovernorCountingSimple {
    function quorum(uint256) public pure override returns (uint256) {
        return 0;
    }

    function votingDelay() public pure override returns (uint256) {
        return 4;
    }

    function votingPeriod() public pure override returns (uint256) {
        return 16;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Governor} from "../../governance/Governor.sol";
import {GovernorCountingSimple} from "../../governance/extensions/GovernorCountingSimple.sol";
import {GovernorVotes} from "../../governance/extensions/GovernorVotes.sol";

abstract contract GovernorWithParamsMock is GovernorVotes, GovernorCountingSimple {
    event CountParams(uint256 uintParam, string strParam);

    function quorum(uint256) public pure override returns (uint256) {
        return 0;
    }

    function votingDelay() public pure override returns (uint256) {
        return 4;
    }

    function votingPeriod() public pure override returns (uint256) {
        return 16;
    }

    function _getVotes(
        address account,
        uint256 blockNumber,
        bytes memory params
    ) internal view override(Governor, GovernorVotes) returns (uint256) {
        uint256 reduction = 0;
        // If the user provides parameters, we reduce the voting weight by the amount of the integer param
        if (params.length > 0) {
            (reduction, ) = abi.decode(params, (uint256, string));
        }
        // reverts on overflow
        return super._getVotes(account, blockNumber, params) - reduction;
    }

    function _countVote(
        uint256 proposalId,
        address account,
        uint8 support,
        uint256 weight,
        bytes memory params
    ) internal override(Governor, GovernorCountingSimple) {
        if (params.length > 0) {
            (uint256 _uintParam, string memory _strParam) = abi.decode(params, (uint256, string));
            emit CountParams(_uintParam, _strParam);
        }
        return super._countVote(proposalId, account, support, weight, params);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

contract BadBeaconNoImpl {}

contract BadBeaconNotContract {
    function implementation() external pure returns (address) {
        return address(0x1);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Implementation contract with a payable changeAdmin(address) function made to clash with
 * TransparentUpgradeableProxy's to test correct functioning of the Transparent Proxy feature.
 */
contract ClashingImplementation {
    event ClashingImplementationCall();

    function upgradeToAndCall(address, bytes calldata) external payable {
        emit ClashingImplementationCall();
    }

    function delegatedFunction() external pure returns (bool) {
        return true;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {UUPSUpgradeable} from "../../proxy/utils/UUPSUpgradeable.sol";
import {ERC1967Utils} from "../../proxy/ERC1967/ERC1967Utils.sol";

contract NonUpgradeableMock {
    uint256 internal _counter;

    function current() external view returns (uint256) {
        return _counter;
    }

    function increment() external {
        ++_counter;
    }
}

contract UUPSUpgradeableMock is NonUpgradeableMock, UUPSUpgradeable {
    // Not having any checks in this function is dangerous! Do not do this outside tests!
    function _authorizeUpgrade(address) internal override {}
}

contract UUPSUpgradeableUnsafeMock is UUPSUpgradeableMock {
    function upgradeToAndCall(address newImplementation, bytes memory data) public payable override {
        ERC1967Utils.upgradeToAndCall(newImplementation, data);
    }
}

contract UUPSUnsupportedProxiableUUID is UUPSUpgradeableMock {
    function proxiableUUID() external pure override returns (bytes32) {
        return keccak256("invalid UUID");
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC1155Receiver} from "../../token/ERC1155/IERC1155Receiver.sol";
import {ERC165} from "../../utils/introspection/ERC165.sol";

contract ERC1155ReceiverMock is ERC165, IERC1155Receiver {
    enum RevertType {
        None,
        RevertWithoutMessage,
        RevertWithMessage,
        RevertWithCustomError,
        Panic
    }

    bytes4 private immutable _recRetval;
    bytes4 private immutable _batRetval;
    RevertType private immutable _error;

    event Received(address operator, address from, uint256 id, uint256 value, bytes data, uint256 gas);
    event BatchReceived(address operator, address from, uint256[] ids, uint256[] values, bytes data, uint256 gas);
    error CustomError(bytes4);

    constructor(bytes4 recRetval, bytes4 batRetval, RevertType error) {
        _recRetval = recRetval;
        _batRetval = batRetval;
        _error = error;
    }

    function onERC1155Received(
        address operator,
        address from,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 value,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external returns (bytes4) {
        if (_error == RevertType.RevertWithoutMessage) {
            revert();
        } else if (_error == RevertType.RevertWithMessage) {
            revert("ERC1155ReceiverMock: reverting on receive");
        } else if (_error == RevertType.RevertWithCustomError) {
            revert CustomError(_recRetval);
        } else if (_error == RevertType.Panic) {
            uint256 a = uint256(0) / uint256(0);
            a;
        }

        emit Received(operator, from, id, value, data, gasleft());
        return _recRetval;
    }

    function onERC1155BatchReceived(
        address operator,
        address from,
        uint256[] calldata ids,
        uint256[] calldata values,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external returns (bytes4) {
        if (_error == RevertType.RevertWithoutMessage) {
            revert();
        } else if (_error == RevertType.RevertWithMessage) {
            revert("ERC1155ReceiverMock: reverting on batch receive");
        } else if (_error == RevertType.RevertWithCustomError) {
            revert CustomError(_recRetval);
        } else if (_error == RevertType.Panic) {
            uint256 a = uint256(0) / uint256(0);
            a;
        }

        emit BatchReceived(operator, from, ids, values, data, gasleft());
        return _batRetval;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ERC20} from "../../token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";

abstract contract ERC20ApprovalMock is ERC20 {
    function _approve(address owner, address spender, uint256 amount, bool) internal virtual override {
        super._approve(owner, spender, amount, true);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ERC20} from "../../token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";

abstract contract ERC20DecimalsMock is ERC20 {
    uint8 private immutable _decimals;

    constructor(uint8 decimals_) {
        _decimals = decimals_;
    }

    function decimals() public view override returns (uint8) {
        return _decimals;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

contract ERC20ExcessDecimalsMock {
    function decimals() public pure returns (uint256) {
        return type(uint256).max;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ERC20FlashMint} from "../../token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20FlashMint.sol";

abstract contract ERC20FlashMintMock is ERC20FlashMint {
    uint256 _flashFeeAmount;
    address _flashFeeReceiverAddress;

    function setFlashFee(uint256 amount) public {
        _flashFeeAmount = amount;
    }

    function _flashFee(address, uint256) internal view override returns (uint256) {
        return _flashFeeAmount;
    }

    function setFlashFeeReceiver(address receiver) public {
        _flashFeeReceiverAddress = receiver;
    }

    function _flashFeeReceiver() internal view override returns (address) {
        return _flashFeeReceiverAddress;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ERC20} from "../../token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";

// contract that replicate USDT (0xdac17f958d2ee523a2206206994597c13d831ec7) approval beavior
abstract contract ERC20ForceApproveMock is ERC20 {
    function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) public virtual override returns (bool) {
        require(amount == 0 || allowance(msg.sender, spender) == 0, "USDT approval failure");
        return super.approve(spender, amount);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ERC20} from "../../token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";

contract ERC20Mock is ERC20 {
    constructor() ERC20("ERC20Mock", "E20M") {}

    function mint(address account, uint256 amount) external {
        _mint(account, amount);
    }

    function burn(address account, uint256 amount) external {
        _burn(account, amount);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ERC20} from "../../token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";
import {Multicall} from "../../utils/Multicall.sol";

abstract contract ERC20MulticallMock is ERC20, Multicall {}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ERC20} from "../../token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";

abstract contract ERC20NoReturnMock is ERC20 {
    function transfer(address to, uint256 amount) public override returns (bool) {
        super.transfer(to, amount);
        assembly {
            return(0, 0)
        }
    }

    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 amount) public override returns (bool) {
        super.transferFrom(from, to, amount);
        assembly {
            return(0, 0)
        }
    }

    function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) public override returns (bool) {
        super.approve(spender, amount);
        assembly {
            return(0, 0)
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ERC20} from "../../token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";
import {Address} from "../../utils/Address.sol";

contract ERC20Reentrant is ERC20("TEST", "TST") {
    enum Type {
        No,
        Before,
        After
    }

    Type private _reenterType;
    address private _reenterTarget;
    bytes private _reenterData;

    function scheduleReenter(Type when, address target, bytes calldata data) external {
        _reenterType = when;
        _reenterTarget = target;
        _reenterData = data;
    }

    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) public returns (bytes memory) {
        return Address.functionCall(target, data);
    }

    function _update(address from, address to, uint256 amount) internal override {
        if (_reenterType == Type.Before) {
            _reenterType = Type.No;
            functionCall(_reenterTarget, _reenterData);
        }
        super._update(from, to, amount);
        if (_reenterType == Type.After) {
            _reenterType = Type.No;
            functionCall(_reenterTarget, _reenterData);
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ERC20} from "../../token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";

abstract contract ERC20ReturnFalseMock is ERC20 {
    function transfer(address, uint256) public pure override returns (bool) {
        return false;
    }

    function transferFrom(address, address, uint256) public pure override returns (bool) {
        return false;
    }

    function approve(address, uint256) public pure override returns (bool) {
        return false;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ERC20Permit} from "../../token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Permit.sol";
import {Math} from "../../utils/math/Math.sol";
import {IVotes} from "../../governance/utils/IVotes.sol";
import {SafeCast} from "../../utils/math/SafeCast.sol";
import {ECDSA} from "../../utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol";

/**
 * @dev Copied from the master branch at commit 86de1e8b6c3fa6b4efa4a5435869d2521be0f5f5
 */
abstract contract ERC20VotesLegacyMock is IVotes, ERC20Permit {
    struct Checkpoint {
        uint32 fromBlock;
        uint224 votes;
    }

    bytes32 private constant _DELEGATION_TYPEHASH =
        keccak256("Delegation(address delegatee,uint256 nonce,uint256 expiry)");

    mapping(address account => address) private _delegatee;
    mapping(address delegatee => Checkpoint[]) private _checkpoints;
    Checkpoint[] private _totalSupplyCheckpoints;

    /**
     * @dev Get the `pos`-th checkpoint for `account`.
     */
    function checkpoints(address account, uint32 pos) public view virtual returns (Checkpoint memory) {
        return _checkpoints[account][pos];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Get number of checkpoints for `account`.
     */
    function numCheckpoints(address account) public view virtual returns (uint32) {
        return SafeCast.toUint32(_checkpoints[account].length);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Get the address `account` is currently delegating to.
     */
    function delegates(address account) public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _delegatee[account];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Gets the current votes balance for `account`
     */
    function getVotes(address account) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        uint256 pos = _checkpoints[account].length;
        unchecked {
            return pos == 0 ? 0 : _checkpoints[account][pos - 1].votes;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Retrieve the number of votes for `account` at the end of `blockNumber`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `blockNumber` must have been already mined
     */
    function getPastVotes(address account, uint256 blockNumber) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        require(blockNumber < block.number, "ERC20Votes: block not yet mined");
        return _checkpointsLookup(_checkpoints[account], blockNumber);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Retrieve the `totalSupply` at the end of `blockNumber`. Note, this value is the sum of all balances.
     * It is NOT the sum of all the delegated votes!
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `blockNumber` must have been already mined
     */
    function getPastTotalSupply(uint256 blockNumber) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        require(blockNumber < block.number, "ERC20Votes: block not yet mined");
        return _checkpointsLookup(_totalSupplyCheckpoints, blockNumber);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Lookup a value in a list of (sorted) checkpoints.
     */
    function _checkpointsLookup(Checkpoint[] storage ckpts, uint256 blockNumber) private view returns (uint256) {
        // We run a binary search to look for the earliest checkpoint taken after `blockNumber`.
        //
        // Initially we check if the block is recent to narrow the search range.
        // During the loop, the index of the wanted checkpoint remains in the range [low-1, high).
        // With each iteration, either `low` or `high` is moved towards the middle of the range to maintain the
        // invariant.
        // - If the middle checkpoint is after `blockNumber`, we look in [low, mid)
        // - If the middle checkpoint is before or equal to `blockNumber`, we look in [mid+1, high)
        // Once we reach a single value (when low == high), we've found the right checkpoint at the index high-1, if not
        // out of bounds (in which case we're looking too far in the past and the result is 0).
        // Note that if the latest checkpoint available is exactly for `blockNumber`, we end up with an index that is
        // past the end of the array, so we technically don't find a checkpoint after `blockNumber`, but it works out
        // the same.
        uint256 length = ckpts.length;

        uint256 low = 0;
        uint256 high = length;

        if (length > 5) {
            uint256 mid = length - Math.sqrt(length);
            if (_unsafeAccess(ckpts, mid).fromBlock > blockNumber) {
                high = mid;
            } else {
                low = mid + 1;
            }
        }

        while (low < high) {
            uint256 mid = Math.average(low, high);
            if (_unsafeAccess(ckpts, mid).fromBlock > blockNumber) {
                high = mid;
            } else {
                low = mid + 1;
            }
        }

        unchecked {
            return high == 0 ? 0 : _unsafeAccess(ckpts, high - 1).votes;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Delegate votes from the sender to `delegatee`.
     */
    function delegate(address delegatee) public virtual {
        _delegate(_msgSender(), delegatee);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Delegates votes from signer to `delegatee`
     */
    function delegateBySig(
        address delegatee,
        uint256 nonce,
        uint256 expiry,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) public virtual {
        require(block.timestamp <= expiry, "ERC20Votes: signature expired");
        address signer = ECDSA.recover(
            _hashTypedDataV4(keccak256(abi.encode(_DELEGATION_TYPEHASH, delegatee, nonce, expiry))),
            v,
            r,
            s
        );
        require(nonce == _useNonce(signer), "ERC20Votes: invalid nonce");
        _delegate(signer, delegatee);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Maximum token supply. Defaults to `type(uint224).max` (2^224^ - 1).
     */
    function _maxSupply() internal view virtual returns (uint224) {
        return type(uint224).max;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Move voting power when tokens are transferred.
     *
     * Emits a {IVotes-DelegateVotesChanged} event.
     */
    function _update(address from, address to, uint256 amount) internal virtual override {
        super._update(from, to, amount);

        if (from == address(0)) {
            require(totalSupply() <= _maxSupply(), "ERC20Votes: total supply risks overflowing votes");
            _writeCheckpoint(_totalSupplyCheckpoints, _add, amount);
        }

        if (to == address(0)) {
            _writeCheckpoint(_totalSupplyCheckpoints, _subtract, amount);
        }

        _moveVotingPower(delegates(from), delegates(to), amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Change delegation for `delegator` to `delegatee`.
     *
     * Emits events {IVotes-DelegateChanged} and {IVotes-DelegateVotesChanged}.
     */
    function _delegate(address delegator, address delegatee) internal virtual {
        address currentDelegate = delegates(delegator);
        uint256 delegatorBalance = balanceOf(delegator);
        _delegatee[delegator] = delegatee;

        emit DelegateChanged(delegator, currentDelegate, delegatee);

        _moveVotingPower(currentDelegate, delegatee, delegatorBalance);
    }

    function _moveVotingPower(address src, address dst, uint256 amount) private {
        if (src != dst && amount > 0) {
            if (src != address(0)) {
                (uint256 oldWeight, uint256 newWeight) = _writeCheckpoint(_checkpoints[src], _subtract, amount);
                emit DelegateVotesChanged(src, oldWeight, newWeight);
            }

            if (dst != address(0)) {
                (uint256 oldWeight, uint256 newWeight) = _writeCheckpoint(_checkpoints[dst], _add, amount);
                emit DelegateVotesChanged(dst, oldWeight, newWeight);
            }
        }
    }

    function _writeCheckpoint(
        Checkpoint[] storage ckpts,
        function(uint256, uint256) view returns (uint256) op,
        uint256 delta
    ) private returns (uint256 oldWeight, uint256 newWeight) {
        uint256 pos = ckpts.length;

        unchecked {
            Checkpoint memory oldCkpt = pos == 0 ? Checkpoint(0, 0) : _unsafeAccess(ckpts, pos - 1);

            oldWeight = oldCkpt.votes;
            newWeight = op(oldWeight, delta);

            if (pos > 0 && oldCkpt.fromBlock == block.number) {
                _unsafeAccess(ckpts, pos - 1).votes = SafeCast.toUint224(newWeight);
            } else {
                ckpts.push(
                    Checkpoint({fromBlock: SafeCast.toUint32(block.number), votes: SafeCast.toUint224(newWeight)})
                );
            }
        }
    }

    function _add(uint256 a, uint256 b) private pure returns (uint256) {
        return a + b;
    }

    function _subtract(uint256 a, uint256 b) private pure returns (uint256) {
        return a - b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Access an element of the array without performing bounds check. The position is assumed to be within bounds.
     */
    function _unsafeAccess(Checkpoint[] storage ckpts, uint256 pos) private pure returns (Checkpoint storage result) {
        assembly {
            mstore(0, ckpts.slot)
            result.slot := add(keccak256(0, 0x20), pos)
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ERC4626} from "../../token/ERC20/extensions/ERC4626.sol";

abstract contract ERC4626LimitsMock is ERC4626 {
    uint256 _maxDeposit;
    uint256 _maxMint;

    constructor() {
        _maxDeposit = 100 ether;
        _maxMint = 100 ether;
    }

    function maxDeposit(address) public view override returns (uint256) {
        return _maxDeposit;
    }

    function maxMint(address) public view override returns (uint256) {
        return _maxMint;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20, ERC20} from "../../token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";
import {ERC4626} from "../../token/ERC20/extensions/ERC4626.sol";

contract ERC4626Mock is ERC4626 {
    constructor(address underlying) ERC20("ERC4626Mock", "E4626M") ERC4626(IERC20(underlying)) {}

    function mint(address account, uint256 amount) external {
        _mint(account, amount);
    }

    function burn(address account, uint256 amount) external {
        _burn(account, amount);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ERC4626} from "../../token/ERC20/extensions/ERC4626.sol";

abstract contract ERC4626OffsetMock is ERC4626 {
    uint8 private immutable _offset;

    constructor(uint8 offset_) {
        _offset = offset_;
    }

    function _decimalsOffset() internal view virtual override returns (uint8) {
        return _offset;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ERC4626Fees} from "../docs/ERC4626Fees.sol";

abstract contract ERC4626FeesMock is ERC4626Fees {
    uint256 private immutable _entryFeeBasisPointValue;
    address private immutable _entryFeeRecipientValue;
    uint256 private immutable _exitFeeBasisPointValue;
    address private immutable _exitFeeRecipientValue;

    constructor(
        uint256 entryFeeBasisPoints,
        address entryFeeRecipient,
        uint256 exitFeeBasisPoints,
        address exitFeeRecipient
    ) {
        _entryFeeBasisPointValue = entryFeeBasisPoints;
        _entryFeeRecipientValue = entryFeeRecipient;
        _exitFeeBasisPointValue = exitFeeBasisPoints;
        _exitFeeRecipientValue = exitFeeRecipient;
    }

    function _entryFeeBasisPoints() internal view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        return _entryFeeBasisPointValue;
    }

    function _entryFeeRecipient() internal view virtual override returns (address) {
        return _entryFeeRecipientValue;
    }

    function _exitFeeBasisPoints() internal view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        return _exitFeeBasisPointValue;
    }

    function _exitFeeRecipient() internal view virtual override returns (address) {
        return _exitFeeRecipientValue;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ERC721} from "../../token/ERC721/ERC721.sol";
import {ERC721Consecutive} from "../../token/ERC721/extensions/ERC721Consecutive.sol";
import {ERC721Enumerable} from "../../token/ERC721/extensions/ERC721Enumerable.sol";

contract ERC721ConsecutiveEnumerableMock is ERC721Consecutive, ERC721Enumerable {
    constructor(
        string memory name,
        string memory symbol,
        address[] memory receivers,
        uint96[] memory amounts
    ) ERC721(name, symbol) {
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < receivers.length; ++i) {
            _mintConsecutive(receivers[i], amounts[i]);
        }
    }

    function supportsInterface(
        bytes4 interfaceId
    ) public view virtual override(ERC721, ERC721Enumerable) returns (bool) {
        return super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    function _ownerOf(uint256 tokenId) internal view virtual override(ERC721, ERC721Consecutive) returns (address) {
        return super._ownerOf(tokenId);
    }

    function _update(
        address to,
        uint256 tokenId,
        address auth
    ) internal virtual override(ERC721Consecutive, ERC721Enumerable) returns (address) {
        return super._update(to, tokenId, auth);
    }

    function _increaseBalance(address account, uint128 amount) internal virtual override(ERC721, ERC721Enumerable) {
        super._increaseBalance(account, amount);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ERC721} from "../../token/ERC721/ERC721.sol";
import {ERC721Consecutive} from "../../token/ERC721/extensions/ERC721Consecutive.sol";
import {ERC721Pausable} from "../../token/ERC721/extensions/ERC721Pausable.sol";
import {ERC721Votes} from "../../token/ERC721/extensions/ERC721Votes.sol";
import {EIP712} from "../../utils/cryptography/EIP712.sol";

/**
 * @title ERC721ConsecutiveMock
 */
contract ERC721ConsecutiveMock is ERC721Consecutive, ERC721Pausable, ERC721Votes {
    uint96 private immutable _offset;

    constructor(
        string memory name,
        string memory symbol,
        uint96 offset,
        address[] memory delegates,
        address[] memory receivers,
        uint96[] memory amounts
    ) ERC721(name, symbol) EIP712(name, "1") {
        _offset = offset;

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < delegates.length; ++i) {
            _delegate(delegates[i], delegates[i]);
        }

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < receivers.length; ++i) {
            _mintConsecutive(receivers[i], amounts[i]);
        }
    }

    function _firstConsecutiveId() internal view virtual override returns (uint96) {
        return _offset;
    }

    function _ownerOf(uint256 tokenId) internal view virtual override(ERC721, ERC721Consecutive) returns (address) {
        return super._ownerOf(tokenId);
    }

    function _update(
        address to,
        uint256 tokenId,
        address auth
    ) internal virtual override(ERC721Consecutive, ERC721Pausable, ERC721Votes) returns (address) {
        return super._update(to, tokenId, auth);
    }

    function _increaseBalance(address account, uint128 amount) internal virtual override(ERC721, ERC721Votes) {
        super._increaseBalance(account, amount);
    }
}

contract ERC721ConsecutiveNoConstructorMintMock is ERC721Consecutive {
    constructor(string memory name, string memory symbol) ERC721(name, symbol) {
        _mint(msg.sender, 0);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC721Receiver} from "../../token/ERC721/IERC721Receiver.sol";

contract ERC721ReceiverMock is IERC721Receiver {
    enum RevertType {
        None,
        RevertWithoutMessage,
        RevertWithMessage,
        RevertWithCustomError,
        Panic
    }

    bytes4 private immutable _retval;
    RevertType private immutable _error;

    event Received(address operator, address from, uint256 tokenId, bytes data, uint256 gas);
    error CustomError(bytes4);

    constructor(bytes4 retval, RevertType error) {
        _retval = retval;
        _error = error;
    }

    function onERC721Received(
        address operator,
        address from,
        uint256 tokenId,
        bytes memory data
    ) public returns (bytes4) {
        if (_error == RevertType.RevertWithoutMessage) {
            revert();
        } else if (_error == RevertType.RevertWithMessage) {
            revert("ERC721ReceiverMock: reverting");
        } else if (_error == RevertType.RevertWithCustomError) {
            revert CustomError(_retval);
        } else if (_error == RevertType.Panic) {
            uint256 a = uint256(0) / uint256(0);
            a;
        }

        emit Received(operator, from, tokenId, data, gasleft());
        return _retval;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ERC721URIStorage} from "../../token/ERC721/extensions/ERC721URIStorage.sol";

abstract contract ERC721URIStorageMock is ERC721URIStorage {
    string private _baseTokenURI;

    function _baseURI() internal view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        return _baseTokenURI;
    }

    function setBaseURI(string calldata newBaseTokenURI) public {
        _baseTokenURI = newBaseTokenURI;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ERC20Votes} from "../../token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Votes.sol";
import {ERC721Votes} from "../../token/ERC721/extensions/ERC721Votes.sol";
import {SafeCast} from "../../utils/math/SafeCast.sol";

abstract contract ERC20VotesTimestampMock is ERC20Votes {
    function clock() public view virtual override returns (uint48) {
        return SafeCast.toUint48(block.timestamp);
    }

    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function CLOCK_MODE() public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        return "mode=timestamp";
    }
}

abstract contract ERC721VotesTimestampMock is ERC721Votes {
    function clock() public view virtual override returns (uint48) {
        return SafeCast.toUint48(block.timestamp);
    }

    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function CLOCK_MODE() public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        return "mode=timestamp";
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (proxy/Clones.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1167[EIP 1167] is a standard for
 * deploying minimal proxy contracts, also known as "clones".
 *
 * > To simply and cheaply clone contract functionality in an immutable way, this standard specifies
 * > a minimal bytecode implementation that delegates all calls to a known, fixed address.
 *
 * The library includes functions to deploy a proxy using either `create` (traditional deployment) or `create2`
 * (salted deterministic deployment). It also includes functions to predict the addresses of clones deployed using the
 * deterministic method.
 */
library Clones {
    /**
     * @dev A clone instance deployment failed.
     */
    error ERC1167FailedCreateClone();

    /**
     * @dev Deploys and returns the address of a clone that mimics the behaviour of `implementation`.
     *
     * This function uses the create opcode, which should never revert.
     */
    function clone(address implementation) internal returns (address instance) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            // Cleans the upper 96 bits of the `implementation` word, then packs the first 3 bytes
            // of the `implementation` address with the bytecode before the address.
            mstore(0x00, or(shr(0xe8, shl(0x60, implementation)), 0x3d602d80600a3d3981f3363d3d373d3d3d363d73000000))
            // Packs the remaining 17 bytes of `implementation` with the bytecode after the address.
            mstore(0x20, or(shl(0x78, implementation), 0x5af43d82803e903d91602b57fd5bf3))
            instance := create(0, 0x09, 0x37)
        }
        if (instance == address(0)) {
            revert ERC1167FailedCreateClone();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Deploys and returns the address of a clone that mimics the behaviour of `implementation`.
     *
     * This function uses the create2 opcode and a `salt` to deterministically deploy
     * the clone. Using the same `implementation` and `salt` multiple time will revert, since
     * the clones cannot be deployed twice at the same address.
     */
    function cloneDeterministic(address implementation, bytes32 salt) internal returns (address instance) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            // Cleans the upper 96 bits of the `implementation` word, then packs the first 3 bytes
            // of the `implementation` address with the bytecode before the address.
            mstore(0x00, or(shr(0xe8, shl(0x60, implementation)), 0x3d602d80600a3d3981f3363d3d373d3d3d363d73000000))
            // Packs the remaining 17 bytes of `implementation` with the bytecode after the address.
            mstore(0x20, or(shl(0x78, implementation), 0x5af43d82803e903d91602b57fd5bf3))
            instance := create2(0, 0x09, 0x37, salt)
        }
        if (instance == address(0)) {
            revert ERC1167FailedCreateClone();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Computes the address of a clone deployed using {Clones-cloneDeterministic}.
     */
    function predictDeterministicAddress(
        address implementation,
        bytes32 salt,
        address deployer
    ) internal pure returns (address predicted) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let ptr := mload(0x40)
            mstore(add(ptr, 0x38), deployer)
            mstore(add(ptr, 0x24), 0x5af43d82803e903d91602b57fd5bf3ff)
            mstore(add(ptr, 0x14), implementation)
            mstore(ptr, 0x3d602d80600a3d3981f3363d3d373d3d3d363d73)
            mstore(add(ptr, 0x58), salt)
            mstore(add(ptr, 0x78), keccak256(add(ptr, 0x0c), 0x37))
            predicted := keccak256(add(ptr, 0x43), 0x55)
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Computes the address of a clone deployed using {Clones-cloneDeterministic}.
     */
    function predictDeterministicAddress(
        address implementation,
        bytes32 salt
    ) internal view returns (address predicted) {
        return predictDeterministicAddress(implementation, salt, address(this));
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (proxy/ERC1967/ERC1967Proxy.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Proxy} from "../Proxy.sol";
import {ERC1967Utils} from "./ERC1967Utils.sol";

/**
 * @dev This contract implements an upgradeable proxy. It is upgradeable because calls are delegated to an
 * implementation address that can be changed. This address is stored in storage in the location specified by
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1967[EIP1967], so that it doesn't conflict with the storage layout of the
 * implementation behind the proxy.
 */
contract ERC1967Proxy is Proxy {
    /**
     * @dev Initializes the upgradeable proxy with an initial implementation specified by `implementation`.
     *
     * If `_data` is nonempty, it's used as data in a delegate call to `implementation`. This will typically be an
     * encoded function call, and allows initializing the storage of the proxy like a Solidity constructor.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - If `data` is empty, `msg.value` must be zero.
     */
    constructor(address implementation, bytes memory _data) payable {
        ERC1967Utils.upgradeToAndCall(implementation, _data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current implementation address.
     *
     * TIP: To get this value clients can read directly from the storage slot shown below (specified by EIP1967) using
     * the https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_getstorageat[`eth_getStorageAt`] RPC call.
     * `0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc`
     */
    function _implementation() internal view virtual override returns (address) {
        return ERC1967Utils.getImplementation();
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (proxy/ERC1967/ERC1967Utils.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IBeacon} from "../beacon/IBeacon.sol";
import {Address} from "../../utils/Address.sol";
import {StorageSlot} from "../../utils/StorageSlot.sol";

/**
 * @dev This abstract contract provides getters and event emitting update functions for
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1967[EIP1967] slots.
 */
library ERC1967Utils {
    // We re-declare ERC-1967 events here because they can't be used directly from IERC1967.
    // This will be fixed in Solidity 0.8.21. At that point we should remove these events.
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the implementation is upgraded.
     */
    event Upgraded(address indexed implementation);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the admin account has changed.
     */
    event AdminChanged(address previousAdmin, address newAdmin);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the beacon is changed.
     */
    event BeaconUpgraded(address indexed beacon);

    /**
     * @dev Storage slot with the address of the current implementation.
     * This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.implementation" subtracted by 1.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line private-vars-leading-underscore
    bytes32 internal constant IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT = 0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc;

    /**
     * @dev The `implementation` of the proxy is invalid.
     */
    error ERC1967InvalidImplementation(address implementation);

    /**
     * @dev The `admin` of the proxy is invalid.
     */
    error ERC1967InvalidAdmin(address admin);

    /**
     * @dev The `beacon` of the proxy is invalid.
     */
    error ERC1967InvalidBeacon(address beacon);

    /**
     * @dev An upgrade function sees `msg.value > 0` that may be lost.
     */
    error ERC1967NonPayable();

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current implementation address.
     */
    function getImplementation() internal view returns (address) {
        return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Stores a new address in the EIP1967 implementation slot.
     */
    function _setImplementation(address newImplementation) private {
        if (newImplementation.code.length == 0) {
            revert ERC1967InvalidImplementation(newImplementation);
        }
        StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value = newImplementation;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs implementation upgrade with additional setup call if data is nonempty.
     * This function is payable only if the setup call is performed, otherwise `msg.value` is rejected
     * to avoid stuck value in the contract.
     *
     * Emits an {IERC1967-Upgraded} event.
     */
    function upgradeToAndCall(address newImplementation, bytes memory data) internal {
        _setImplementation(newImplementation);
        emit Upgraded(newImplementation);

        if (data.length > 0) {
            Address.functionDelegateCall(newImplementation, data);
        } else {
            _checkNonPayable();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Storage slot with the admin of the contract.
     * This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.admin" subtracted by 1.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line private-vars-leading-underscore
    bytes32 internal constant ADMIN_SLOT = 0xb53127684a568b3173ae13b9f8a6016e243e63b6e8ee1178d6a717850b5d6103;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current admin.
     *
     * TIP: To get this value clients can read directly from the storage slot shown below (specified by EIP1967) using
     * the https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_getstorageat[`eth_getStorageAt`] RPC call.
     * `0xb53127684a568b3173ae13b9f8a6016e243e63b6e8ee1178d6a717850b5d6103`
     */
    function getAdmin() internal view returns (address) {
        return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(ADMIN_SLOT).value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Stores a new address in the EIP1967 admin slot.
     */
    function _setAdmin(address newAdmin) private {
        if (newAdmin == address(0)) {
            revert ERC1967InvalidAdmin(address(0));
        }
        StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(ADMIN_SLOT).value = newAdmin;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Changes the admin of the proxy.
     *
     * Emits an {IERC1967-AdminChanged} event.
     */
    function changeAdmin(address newAdmin) internal {
        emit AdminChanged(getAdmin(), newAdmin);
        _setAdmin(newAdmin);
    }

    /**
     * @dev The storage slot of the UpgradeableBeacon contract which defines the implementation for this proxy.
     * This is the keccak-256 hash of "eip1967.proxy.beacon" subtracted by 1.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line private-vars-leading-underscore
    bytes32 internal constant BEACON_SLOT = 0xa3f0ad74e5423aebfd80d3ef4346578335a9a72aeaee59ff6cb3582b35133d50;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current beacon.
     */
    function getBeacon() internal view returns (address) {
        return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(BEACON_SLOT).value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Stores a new beacon in the EIP1967 beacon slot.
     */
    function _setBeacon(address newBeacon) private {
        if (newBeacon.code.length == 0) {
            revert ERC1967InvalidBeacon(newBeacon);
        }

        StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(BEACON_SLOT).value = newBeacon;

        address beaconImplementation = IBeacon(newBeacon).implementation();
        if (beaconImplementation.code.length == 0) {
            revert ERC1967InvalidImplementation(beaconImplementation);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Change the beacon and trigger a setup call if data is nonempty.
     * This function is payable only if the setup call is performed, otherwise `msg.value` is rejected
     * to avoid stuck value in the contract.
     *
     * Emits an {IERC1967-BeaconUpgraded} event.
     *
     * CAUTION: Invoking this function has no effect on an instance of {BeaconProxy} since v5, since
     * it uses an immutable beacon without looking at the value of the ERC-1967 beacon slot for
     * efficiency.
     */
    function upgradeBeaconToAndCall(address newBeacon, bytes memory data) internal {
        _setBeacon(newBeacon);
        emit BeaconUpgraded(newBeacon);

        if (data.length > 0) {
            Address.functionDelegateCall(IBeacon(newBeacon).implementation(), data);
        } else {
            _checkNonPayable();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Reverts if `msg.value` is not zero. It can be used to avoid `msg.value` stuck in the contract
     * if an upgrade doesn't perform an initialization call.
     */
    function _checkNonPayable() private {
        if (msg.value > 0) {
            revert ERC1967NonPayable();
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.6.0) (proxy/Proxy.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev This abstract contract provides a fallback function that delegates all calls to another contract using the EVM
 * instruction `delegatecall`. We refer to the second contract as the _implementation_ behind the proxy, and it has to
 * be specified by overriding the virtual {_implementation} function.
 *
 * Additionally, delegation to the implementation can be triggered manually through the {_fallback} function, or to a
 * different contract through the {_delegate} function.
 *
 * The success and return data of the delegated call will be returned back to the caller of the proxy.
 */
abstract contract Proxy {
    /**
     * @dev Delegates the current call to `implementation`.
     *
     * This function does not return to its internal call site, it will return directly to the external caller.
     */
    function _delegate(address implementation) internal virtual {
        assembly {
            // Copy msg.data. We take full control of memory in this inline assembly
            // block because it will not return to Solidity code. We overwrite the
            // Solidity scratch pad at memory position 0.
            calldatacopy(0, 0, calldatasize())

            // Call the implementation.
            // out and outsize are 0 because we don't know the size yet.
            let result := delegatecall(gas(), implementation, 0, calldatasize(), 0, 0)

            // Copy the returned data.
            returndatacopy(0, 0, returndatasize())

            switch result
            // delegatecall returns 0 on error.
            case 0 {
                revert(0, returndatasize())
            }
            default {
                return(0, returndatasize())
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev This is a virtual function that should be overridden so it returns the address to which the fallback
     * function and {_fallback} should delegate.
     */
    function _implementation() internal view virtual returns (address);

    /**
     * @dev Delegates the current call to the address returned by `_implementation()`.
     *
     * This function does not return to its internal call site, it will return directly to the external caller.
     */
    function _fallback() internal virtual {
        _delegate(_implementation());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Fallback function that delegates calls to the address returned by `_implementation()`. Will run if no other
     * function in the contract matches the call data.
     */
    fallback() external payable virtual {
        _fallback();
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (proxy/beacon/BeaconProxy.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IBeacon} from "./IBeacon.sol";
import {Proxy} from "../Proxy.sol";
import {ERC1967Utils} from "../ERC1967/ERC1967Utils.sol";

/**
 * @dev This contract implements a proxy that gets the implementation address for each call from an {UpgradeableBeacon}.
 *
 * The beacon address can only be set once during construction, and cannot be changed afterwards. It is stored in an
 * immutable variable to avoid unnecessary storage reads, and also in the beacon storage slot specified by
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1967[EIP1967] so that it can be accessed externally.
 *
 * CAUTION: Since the beacon address can never be changed, you must ensure that you either control the beacon, or trust
 * the beacon to not upgrade the implementation maliciously.
 *
 * IMPORTANT: Do not use the implementation logic to modify the beacon storage slot. Doing so would leave the proxy in
 * an inconsistent state where the beacon storage slot does not match the beacon address.
 */
contract BeaconProxy is Proxy {
    // An immutable address for the beacon to avoid unnecessary SLOADs before each delegate call.
    address private immutable _beacon;

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the proxy with `beacon`.
     *
     * If `data` is nonempty, it's used as data in a delegate call to the implementation returned by the beacon. This
     * will typically be an encoded function call, and allows initializing the storage of the proxy like a Solidity
     * constructor.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `beacon` must be a contract with the interface {IBeacon}.
     * - If `data` is empty, `msg.value` must be zero.
     */
    constructor(address beacon, bytes memory data) payable {
        ERC1967Utils.upgradeBeaconToAndCall(beacon, data);
        _beacon = beacon;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current implementation address of the associated beacon.
     */
    function _implementation() internal view virtual override returns (address) {
        return IBeacon(_getBeacon()).implementation();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the beacon.
     */
    function _getBeacon() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return _beacon;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (proxy/beacon/IBeacon.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev This is the interface that {BeaconProxy} expects of its beacon.
 */
interface IBeacon {
    /**
     * @dev Must return an address that can be used as a delegate call target.
     *
     * {UpgradeableBeacon} will check that this address is a contract.
     */
    function implementation() external view returns (address);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (proxy/beacon/UpgradeableBeacon.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IBeacon} from "./IBeacon.sol";
import {Ownable} from "../../access/Ownable.sol";

/**
 * @dev This contract is used in conjunction with one or more instances of {BeaconProxy} to determine their
 * implementation contract, which is where they will delegate all function calls.
 *
 * An owner is able to change the implementation the beacon points to, thus upgrading the proxies that use this beacon.
 */
contract UpgradeableBeacon is IBeacon, Ownable {
    address private _implementation;

    /**
     * @dev The `implementation` of the beacon is invalid.
     */
    error BeaconInvalidImplementation(address implementation);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the implementation returned by the beacon is changed.
     */
    event Upgraded(address indexed implementation);

    /**
     * @dev Sets the address of the initial implementation, and the initial owner who can upgrade the beacon.
     */
    constructor(address implementation_, address initialOwner) Ownable(initialOwner) {
        _setImplementation(implementation_);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current implementation address.
     */
    function implementation() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _implementation;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Upgrades the beacon to a new implementation.
     *
     * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - msg.sender must be the owner of the contract.
     * - `newImplementation` must be a contract.
     */
    function upgradeTo(address newImplementation) public virtual onlyOwner {
        _setImplementation(newImplementation);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets the implementation contract address for this beacon
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `newImplementation` must be a contract.
     */
    function _setImplementation(address newImplementation) private {
        if (newImplementation.code.length == 0) {
            revert BeaconInvalidImplementation(newImplementation);
        }
        _implementation = newImplementation;
        emit Upgraded(newImplementation);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.3) (proxy/transparent/ProxyAdmin.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ITransparentUpgradeableProxy} from "./TransparentUpgradeableProxy.sol";
import {Ownable} from "../../access/Ownable.sol";

/**
 * @dev This is an auxiliary contract meant to be assigned as the admin of a {TransparentUpgradeableProxy}. For an
 * explanation of why you would want to use this see the documentation for {TransparentUpgradeableProxy}.
 */
contract ProxyAdmin is Ownable {
    /**
     * @dev The version of the upgrade interface of the contract. If this getter is missing, both `upgrade(address)`
     * and `upgradeAndCall(address,bytes)` are present, and `upgradeTo` must be used if no function should be called,
     * while `upgradeAndCall` will invoke the `receive` function if the second argument is the empty byte string.
     * If the getter returns `"5.0.0"`, only `upgradeAndCall(address,bytes)` is present, and the second argument must
     * be the empty byte string if no function should be called, making it impossible to invoke the `receive` function
     * during an upgrade.
     */
    string public constant UPGRADE_INTERFACE_VERSION = "5.0.0";

    /**
     * @dev Sets the initial owner who can perform upgrades.
     */
    constructor(address initialOwner) Ownable(initialOwner) {}

    /**
     * @dev Upgrades `proxy` to `implementation` and calls a function on the new implementation.
     * See {TransparentUpgradeableProxy-_dispatchUpgradeToAndCall}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - This contract must be the admin of `proxy`.
     * - If `data` is empty, `msg.value` must be zero.
     */
    function upgradeAndCall(
        ITransparentUpgradeableProxy proxy,
        address implementation,
        bytes memory data
    ) public payable virtual onlyOwner {
        proxy.upgradeToAndCall{value: msg.value}(implementation, data);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (proxy/transparent/TransparentUpgradeableProxy.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ERC1967Utils} from "../ERC1967/ERC1967Utils.sol";
import {ERC1967Proxy} from "../ERC1967/ERC1967Proxy.sol";
import {IERC1967} from "../../interfaces/IERC1967.sol";
import {ProxyAdmin} from "./ProxyAdmin.sol";

/**
 * @dev Interface for {TransparentUpgradeableProxy}. In order to implement transparency, {TransparentUpgradeableProxy}
 * does not implement this interface directly, and its upgradeability mechanism is implemented by an internal dispatch
 * mechanism. The compiler is unaware that these functions are implemented by {TransparentUpgradeableProxy} and will not
 * include them in the ABI so this interface must be used to interact with it.
 */
interface ITransparentUpgradeableProxy is IERC1967 {
    function upgradeToAndCall(address, bytes calldata) external payable;
}

/**
 * @dev This contract implements a proxy that is upgradeable through an associated {ProxyAdmin} instance.
 *
 * To avoid https://medium.com/nomic-labs-blog/malicious-backdoors-in-ethereum-proxies-62629adf3357[proxy selector
 * clashing], which can potentially be used in an attack, this contract uses the
 * https://blog.openzeppelin.com/the-transparent-proxy-pattern/[transparent proxy pattern]. This pattern implies two
 * things that go hand in hand:
 *
 * 1. If any account other than the admin calls the proxy, the call will be forwarded to the implementation, even if
 * that call matches the {ITransparentUpgradeableProxy-upgradeToAndCall} function exposed by the proxy itself.
 * 2. If the admin calls the proxy, it can call the `upgradeToAndCall` function but any other call won't be forwarded to
 * the implementation. If the admin tries to call a function on the implementation it will fail with an error indicating
 * the proxy admin cannot fallback to the target implementation.
 *
 * These properties mean that the admin account can only be used for upgrading the proxy, so it's best if it's a
 * dedicated account that is not used for anything else. This will avoid headaches due to sudden errors when trying to
 * call a function from the proxy implementation. For this reason, the proxy deploys an instance of {ProxyAdmin} and
 * allows upgrades only if they come through it. You should think of the `ProxyAdmin` instance as the administrative
 * interface of the proxy, including the ability to change who can trigger upgrades by transferring ownership.
 *
 * NOTE: The real interface of this proxy is that defined in `ITransparentUpgradeableProxy`. This contract does not
 * inherit from that interface, and instead `upgradeToAndCall` is implicitly implemented using a custom dispatch
 * mechanism in `_fallback`. Consequently, the compiler will not produce an ABI for this contract. This is necessary to
 * fully implement transparency without decoding reverts caused by selector clashes between the proxy and the
 * implementation.
 *
 * NOTE: This proxy does not inherit from {Context} deliberately. The {ProxyAdmin} of this contract won't send a
 * meta-transaction in any way, and any other meta-transaction setup should be made in the implementation contract.
 *
 * IMPORTANT: This contract avoids unnecessary storage reads by setting the admin only during construction as an
 * immutable variable, preventing any changes thereafter. However, the admin slot defined in ERC-1967 can still be
 * overwritten by the implementation logic pointed to by this proxy. In such cases, the contract may end up in an
 * undesirable state where the admin slot is different from the actual admin.
 *
 * WARNING: It is not recommended to extend this contract to add additional external functions. If you do so, the
 * compiler will not check that there are no selector conflicts, due to the note above. A selector clash between any new
 * function and the functions declared in {ITransparentUpgradeableProxy} will be resolved in favor of the new one. This
 * could render the `upgradeToAndCall` function inaccessible, preventing upgradeability and compromising transparency.
 */
contract TransparentUpgradeableProxy is ERC1967Proxy {
    // An immutable address for the admin to avoid unnecessary SLOADs before each call
    // at the expense of removing the ability to change the admin once it's set.
    // This is acceptable if the admin is always a ProxyAdmin instance or similar contract
    // with its own ability to transfer the permissions to another account.
    address private immutable _admin;

    /**
     * @dev The proxy caller is the current admin, and can't fallback to the proxy target.
     */
    error ProxyDeniedAdminAccess();

    /**
     * @dev Initializes an upgradeable proxy managed by an instance of a {ProxyAdmin} with an `initialOwner`,
     * backed by the implementation at `_logic`, and optionally initialized with `_data` as explained in
     * {ERC1967Proxy-constructor}.
     */
    constructor(address _logic, address initialOwner, bytes memory _data) payable ERC1967Proxy(_logic, _data) {
        _admin = address(new ProxyAdmin(initialOwner));
        // Set the storage value and emit an event for ERC-1967 compatibility
        ERC1967Utils.changeAdmin(_proxyAdmin());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the admin of this proxy.
     */
    function _proxyAdmin() internal virtual returns (address) {
        return _admin;
    }

    /**
     * @dev If caller is the admin process the call internally, otherwise transparently fallback to the proxy behavior.
     */
    function _fallback() internal virtual override {
        if (msg.sender == _proxyAdmin()) {
            if (msg.sig != ITransparentUpgradeableProxy.upgradeToAndCall.selector) {
                revert ProxyDeniedAdminAccess();
            } else {
                _dispatchUpgradeToAndCall();
            }
        } else {
            super._fallback();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Upgrade the implementation of the proxy. See {ERC1967Utils-upgradeToAndCall}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - If `data` is empty, `msg.value` must be zero.
     */
    function _dispatchUpgradeToAndCall() private {
        (address newImplementation, bytes memory data) = abi.decode(msg.data[4:], (address, bytes));
        ERC1967Utils.upgradeToAndCall(newImplementation, data);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (proxy/utils/Initializable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev This is a base contract to aid in writing upgradeable contracts, or any kind of contract that will be deployed
 * behind a proxy. Since proxied contracts do not make use of a constructor, it's common to move constructor logic to an
 * external initializer function, usually called `initialize`. It then becomes necessary to protect this initializer
 * function so it can only be called once. The {initializer} modifier provided by this contract will have this effect.
 *
 * The initialization functions use a version number. Once a version number is used, it is consumed and cannot be
 * reused. This mechanism prevents re-execution of each "step" but allows the creation of new initialization steps in
 * case an upgrade adds a module that needs to be initialized.
 *
 * For example:
 *
 * [.hljs-theme-light.nopadding]
 * ```solidity
 * contract MyToken is ERC20Upgradeable {
 *     function initialize() initializer public {
 *         __ERC20_init("MyToken", "MTK");
 *     }
 * }
 *
 * contract MyTokenV2 is MyToken, ERC20PermitUpgradeable {
 *     function initializeV2() reinitializer(2) public {
 *         __ERC20Permit_init("MyToken");
 *     }
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * TIP: To avoid leaving the proxy in an uninitialized state, the initializer function should be called as early as
 * possible by providing the encoded function call as the `_data` argument to {ERC1967Proxy-constructor}.
 *
 * CAUTION: When used with inheritance, manual care must be taken to not invoke a parent initializer twice, or to ensure
 * that all initializers are idempotent. This is not verified automatically as constructors are by Solidity.
 *
 * [CAUTION]
 * ====
 * Avoid leaving a contract uninitialized.
 *
 * An uninitialized contract can be taken over by an attacker. This applies to both a proxy and its implementation
 * contract, which may impact the proxy. To prevent the implementation contract from being used, you should invoke
 * the {_disableInitializers} function in the constructor to automatically lock it when it is deployed:
 *
 * [.hljs-theme-light.nopadding]
 * ```
 * /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow constructor
 * constructor() {
 *     _disableInitializers();
 * }
 * ```
 * ====
 */
abstract contract Initializable {
    /**
     * @dev Storage of the initializable contract.
     *
     * It's implemented on a custom ERC-7201 namespace to reduce the risk of storage collisions
     * when using with upgradeable contracts.
     *
     * @custom:storage-location erc7201:openzeppelin.storage.Initializable
     */
    struct InitializableStorage {
        /**
         * @dev Indicates that the contract has been initialized.
         */
        uint64 _initialized;
        /**
         * @dev Indicates that the contract is in the process of being initialized.
         */
        bool _initializing;
    }

    // keccak256(abi.encode(uint256(keccak256("openzeppelin.storage.Initializable")) - 1)) & ~bytes32(uint256(0xff))
    bytes32 private constant INITIALIZABLE_STORAGE = 0xf0c57e16840df040f15088dc2f81fe391c3923bec73e23a9662efc9c229c6a00;

    /**
     * @dev The contract is already initialized.
     */
    error InvalidInitialization();

    /**
     * @dev The contract is not initializing.
     */
    error NotInitializing();

    /**
     * @dev Triggered when the contract has been initialized or reinitialized.
     */
    event Initialized(uint64 version);

    /**
     * @dev A modifier that defines a protected initializer function that can be invoked at most once. In its scope,
     * `onlyInitializing` functions can be used to initialize parent contracts.
     *
     * Similar to `reinitializer(1)`, except that in the context of a constructor an `initializer` may be invoked any
     * number of times. This behavior in the constructor can be useful during testing and is not expected to be used in
     * production.
     *
     * Emits an {Initialized} event.
     */
    modifier initializer() {
        // solhint-disable-next-line var-name-mixedcase
        InitializableStorage storage $ = _getInitializableStorage();

        // Cache values to avoid duplicated sloads
        bool isTopLevelCall = !$._initializing;
        uint64 initialized = $._initialized;

        // Allowed calls:
        // - initialSetup: the contract is not in the initializing state and no previous version was
        //                 initialized
        // - construction: the contract is initialized at version 1 (no reininitialization) and the
        //                 current contract is just being deployed
        bool initialSetup = initialized == 0 && isTopLevelCall;
        bool construction = initialized == 1 && address(this).code.length == 0;

        if (!initialSetup && !construction) {
            revert InvalidInitialization();
        }
        $._initialized = 1;
        if (isTopLevelCall) {
            $._initializing = true;
        }
        _;
        if (isTopLevelCall) {
            $._initializing = false;
            emit Initialized(1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev A modifier that defines a protected reinitializer function that can be invoked at most once, and only if the
     * contract hasn't been initialized to a greater version before. In its scope, `onlyInitializing` functions can be
     * used to initialize parent contracts.
     *
     * A reinitializer may be used after the original initialization step. This is essential to configure modules that
     * are added through upgrades and that require initialization.
     *
     * When `version` is 1, this modifier is similar to `initializer`, except that functions marked with `reinitializer`
     * cannot be nested. If one is invoked in the context of another, execution will revert.
     *
     * Note that versions can jump in increments greater than 1; this implies that if multiple reinitializers coexist in
     * a contract, executing them in the right order is up to the developer or operator.
     *
     * WARNING: Setting the version to 2**64 - 1 will prevent any future reinitialization.
     *
     * Emits an {Initialized} event.
     */
    modifier reinitializer(uint64 version) {
        // solhint-disable-next-line var-name-mixedcase
        InitializableStorage storage $ = _getInitializableStorage();

        if ($._initializing || $._initialized >= version) {
            revert InvalidInitialization();
        }
        $._initialized = version;
        $._initializing = true;
        _;
        $._initializing = false;
        emit Initialized(version);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to protect an initialization function so that it can only be invoked by functions with the
     * {initializer} and {reinitializer} modifiers, directly or indirectly.
     */
    modifier onlyInitializing() {
        _checkInitializing();
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Reverts if the contract is not in an initializing state. See {onlyInitializing}.
     */
    function _checkInitializing() internal view virtual {
        if (!_isInitializing()) {
            revert NotInitializing();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Locks the contract, preventing any future reinitialization. This cannot be part of an initializer call.
     * Calling this in the constructor of a contract will prevent that contract from being initialized or reinitialized
     * to any version. It is recommended to use this to lock implementation contracts that are designed to be called
     * through proxies.
     *
     * Emits an {Initialized} event the first time it is successfully executed.
     */
    function _disableInitializers() internal virtual {
        // solhint-disable-next-line var-name-mixedcase
        InitializableStorage storage $ = _getInitializableStorage();

        if ($._initializing) {
            revert InvalidInitialization();
        }
        if ($._initialized != type(uint64).max) {
            $._initialized = type(uint64).max;
            emit Initialized(type(uint64).max);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the highest version that has been initialized. See {reinitializer}.
     */
    function _getInitializedVersion() internal view returns (uint64) {
        return _getInitializableStorage()._initialized;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns `true` if the contract is currently initializing. See {onlyInitializing}.
     */
    function _isInitializing() internal view returns (bool) {
        return _getInitializableStorage()._initializing;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns a pointer to the storage namespace.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line var-name-mixedcase
    function _getInitializableStorage() private pure returns (InitializableStorage storage $) {
        assembly {
            $.slot := INITIALIZABLE_STORAGE
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (proxy/utils/UUPSUpgradeable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC1822Proxiable} from "../../interfaces/draft-IERC1822.sol";
import {ERC1967Utils} from "../ERC1967/ERC1967Utils.sol";

/**
 * @dev An upgradeability mechanism designed for UUPS proxies. The functions included here can perform an upgrade of an
 * {ERC1967Proxy}, when this contract is set as the implementation behind such a proxy.
 *
 * A security mechanism ensures that an upgrade does not turn off upgradeability accidentally, although this risk is
 * reinstated if the upgrade retains upgradeability but removes the security mechanism, e.g. by replacing
 * `UUPSUpgradeable` with a custom implementation of upgrades.
 *
 * The {_authorizeUpgrade} function must be overridden to include access restriction to the upgrade mechanism.
 */
abstract contract UUPSUpgradeable is IERC1822Proxiable {
    /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow state-variable-immutable
    address private immutable __self = address(this);

    /**
     * @dev The version of the upgrade interface of the contract. If this getter is missing, both `upgradeTo(address)`
     * and `upgradeToAndCall(address,bytes)` are present, and `upgradeTo` must be used if no function should be called,
     * while `upgradeToAndCall` will invoke the `receive` function if the second argument is the empty byte string.
     * If the getter returns `"5.0.0"`, only `upgradeToAndCall(address,bytes)` is present, and the second argument must
     * be the empty byte string if no function should be called, making it impossible to invoke the `receive` function
     * during an upgrade.
     */
    string public constant UPGRADE_INTERFACE_VERSION = "5.0.0";

    /**
     * @dev The call is from an unauthorized context.
     */
    error UUPSUnauthorizedCallContext();

    /**
     * @dev The storage `slot` is unsupported as a UUID.
     */
    error UUPSUnsupportedProxiableUUID(bytes32 slot);

    /**
     * @dev Check that the execution is being performed through a delegatecall call and that the execution context is
     * a proxy contract with an implementation (as defined in ERC1967) pointing to self. This should only be the case
     * for UUPS and transparent proxies that are using the current contract as their implementation. Execution of a
     * function through ERC1167 minimal proxies (clones) would not normally pass this test, but is not guaranteed to
     * fail.
     */
    modifier onlyProxy() {
        _checkProxy();
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Check that the execution is not being performed through a delegate call. This allows a function to be
     * callable on the implementing contract but not through proxies.
     */
    modifier notDelegated() {
        _checkNotDelegated();
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Implementation of the ERC1822 {proxiableUUID} function. This returns the storage slot used by the
     * implementation. It is used to validate the implementation's compatibility when performing an upgrade.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: A proxy pointing at a proxiable contract should not be considered proxiable itself, because this risks
     * bricking a proxy that upgrades to it, by delegating to itself until out of gas. Thus it is critical that this
     * function revert if invoked through a proxy. This is guaranteed by the `notDelegated` modifier.
     */
    function proxiableUUID() external view virtual notDelegated returns (bytes32) {
        return ERC1967Utils.IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Upgrade the implementation of the proxy to `newImplementation`, and subsequently execute the function call
     * encoded in `data`.
     *
     * Calls {_authorizeUpgrade}.
     *
     * Emits an {Upgraded} event.
     *
     * @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow-reachable delegatecall
     */
    function upgradeToAndCall(address newImplementation, bytes memory data) public payable virtual onlyProxy {
        _authorizeUpgrade(newImplementation);
        _upgradeToAndCallUUPS(newImplementation, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Reverts if the execution is not performed via delegatecall or the execution
     * context is not of a proxy with an ERC1967-compliant implementation pointing to self.
     * See {_onlyProxy}.
     */
    function _checkProxy() internal view virtual {
        if (
            address(this) == __self || // Must be called through delegatecall
            ERC1967Utils.getImplementation() != __self // Must be called through an active proxy
        ) {
            revert UUPSUnauthorizedCallContext();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Reverts if the execution is performed via delegatecall.
     * See {notDelegated}.
     */
    function _checkNotDelegated() internal view virtual {
        if (address(this) != __self) {
            // Must not be called through delegatecall
            revert UUPSUnauthorizedCallContext();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Function that should revert when `msg.sender` is not authorized to upgrade the contract. Called by
     * {upgradeToAndCall}.
     *
     * Normally, this function will use an xref:access.adoc[access control] modifier such as {Ownable-onlyOwner}.
     *
     * ```solidity
     * function _authorizeUpgrade(address) internal onlyOwner {}
     * ```
     */
    function _authorizeUpgrade(address newImplementation) internal virtual;

    /**
     * @dev Performs an implementation upgrade with a security check for UUPS proxies, and additional setup call.
     *
     * As a security check, {proxiableUUID} is invoked in the new implementation, and the return value
     * is expected to be the implementation slot in ERC1967.
     *
     * Emits an {IERC1967-Upgraded} event.
     */
    function _upgradeToAndCallUUPS(address newImplementation, bytes memory data) private {
        try IERC1822Proxiable(newImplementation).proxiableUUID() returns (bytes32 slot) {
            if (slot != ERC1967Utils.IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT) {
                revert UUPSUnsupportedProxiableUUID(slot);
            }
            ERC1967Utils.upgradeToAndCall(newImplementation, data);
        } catch {
            // The implementation is not UUPS
            revert ERC1967Utils.ERC1967InvalidImplementation(newImplementation);
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC1155/ERC1155.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC1155} from "./IERC1155.sol";
import {IERC1155Receiver} from "./IERC1155Receiver.sol";
import {IERC1155MetadataURI} from "./extensions/IERC1155MetadataURI.sol";
import {Context} from "../../utils/Context.sol";
import {IERC165, ERC165} from "../../utils/introspection/ERC165.sol";
import {Arrays} from "../../utils/Arrays.sol";
import {IERC1155Errors} from "../../interfaces/draft-IERC6093.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the basic standard multi-token.
 * See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155
 * Originally based on code by Enjin: https://github.com/enjin/erc-1155
 */
abstract contract ERC1155 is Context, ERC165, IERC1155, IERC1155MetadataURI, IERC1155Errors {
    using Arrays for uint256[];
    using Arrays for address[];

    mapping(uint256 id => mapping(address account => uint256)) private _balances;

    mapping(address account => mapping(address operator => bool)) private _operatorApprovals;

    // Used as the URI for all token types by relying on ID substitution, e.g. https://token-cdn-domain/{id}.json
    string private _uri;

    /**
     * @dev See {_setURI}.
     */
    constructor(string memory uri_) {
        _setURI(uri_);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override(ERC165, IERC165) returns (bool) {
        return
            interfaceId == type(IERC1155).interfaceId ||
            interfaceId == type(IERC1155MetadataURI).interfaceId ||
            super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155MetadataURI-uri}.
     *
     * This implementation returns the same URI for *all* token types. It relies
     * on the token type ID substitution mechanism
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155#metadata[defined in the EIP].
     *
     * Clients calling this function must replace the `\{id\}` substring with the
     * actual token type ID.
     */
    function uri(uint256 /* id */) public view virtual returns (string memory) {
        return _uri;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155-balanceOf}.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account, uint256 id) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _balances[id][account];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155-balanceOfBatch}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `accounts` and `ids` must have the same length.
     */
    function balanceOfBatch(
        address[] memory accounts,
        uint256[] memory ids
    ) public view virtual returns (uint256[] memory) {
        if (accounts.length != ids.length) {
            revert ERC1155InvalidArrayLength(ids.length, accounts.length);
        }

        uint256[] memory batchBalances = new uint256[](accounts.length);

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < accounts.length; ++i) {
            batchBalances[i] = balanceOf(accounts.unsafeMemoryAccess(i), ids.unsafeMemoryAccess(i));
        }

        return batchBalances;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155-setApprovalForAll}.
     */
    function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool approved) public virtual {
        _setApprovalForAll(_msgSender(), operator, approved);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155-isApprovedForAll}.
     */
    function isApprovedForAll(address account, address operator) public view virtual returns (bool) {
        return _operatorApprovals[account][operator];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155-safeTransferFrom}.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 id, uint256 value, bytes memory data) public virtual {
        address sender = _msgSender();
        if (from != sender && !isApprovedForAll(from, sender)) {
            revert ERC1155MissingApprovalForAll(sender, from);
        }
        _safeTransferFrom(from, to, id, value, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155-safeBatchTransferFrom}.
     */
    function safeBatchTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes memory data
    ) public virtual {
        address sender = _msgSender();
        if (from != sender && !isApprovedForAll(from, sender)) {
            revert ERC1155MissingApprovalForAll(sender, from);
        }
        _safeBatchTransferFrom(from, to, ids, values, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers a `value` amount of tokens of type `id` from `from` to `to`. Will mint (or burn) if `from`
     * (or `to`) is the zero address.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferSingle} event if the arrays contain one element, and {TransferBatch} otherwise.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement either {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155Received}
     *   or {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155BatchReceived} and return the acceptance magic value.
     * - `ids` and `values` must have the same length.
     *
     * NOTE: The ERC-1155 acceptance check is not performed in this function. See {_updateWithAcceptanceCheck} instead.
     */
    function _update(address from, address to, uint256[] memory ids, uint256[] memory values) internal virtual {
        if (ids.length != values.length) {
            revert ERC1155InvalidArrayLength(ids.length, values.length);
        }

        address operator = _msgSender();

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < ids.length; ++i) {
            uint256 id = ids.unsafeMemoryAccess(i);
            uint256 value = values.unsafeMemoryAccess(i);

            if (from != address(0)) {
                uint256 fromBalance = _balances[id][from];
                if (fromBalance < value) {
                    revert ERC1155InsufficientBalance(from, fromBalance, value, id);
                }
                unchecked {
                    // Overflow not possible: value <= fromBalance
                    _balances[id][from] = fromBalance - value;
                }
            }

            if (to != address(0)) {
                _balances[id][to] += value;
            }
        }

        if (ids.length == 1) {
            uint256 id = ids.unsafeMemoryAccess(0);
            uint256 value = values.unsafeMemoryAccess(0);
            emit TransferSingle(operator, from, to, id, value);
        } else {
            emit TransferBatch(operator, from, to, ids, values);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Version of {_update} that performs the token acceptance check by calling
     * {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155Received} or {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155BatchReceived} on the receiver address if it
     * contains code (eg. is a smart contract at the moment of execution).
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Overriding this function is discouraged because it poses a reentrancy risk from the receiver. So any
     * update to the contract state after this function would break the check-effect-interaction pattern. Consider
     * overriding {_update} instead.
     */
    function _updateWithAcceptanceCheck(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal virtual {
        _update(from, to, ids, values);
        if (to != address(0)) {
            address operator = _msgSender();
            if (ids.length == 1) {
                uint256 id = ids.unsafeMemoryAccess(0);
                uint256 value = values.unsafeMemoryAccess(0);
                _doSafeTransferAcceptanceCheck(operator, from, to, id, value, data);
            } else {
                _doSafeBatchTransferAcceptanceCheck(operator, from, to, ids, values, data);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers a `value` tokens of token type `id` from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferSingle} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `from` must have a balance of tokens of type `id` of at least `value` amount.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155Received} and return the
     * acceptance magic value.
     */
    function _safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 id, uint256 value, bytes memory data) internal {
        if (to == address(0)) {
            revert ERC1155InvalidReceiver(address(0));
        }
        if (from == address(0)) {
            revert ERC1155InvalidSender(address(0));
        }
        (uint256[] memory ids, uint256[] memory values) = _asSingletonArrays(id, value);
        _updateWithAcceptanceCheck(from, to, ids, values, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev xref:ROOT:erc1155.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {_safeTransferFrom}.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferBatch} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155BatchReceived} and return the
     * acceptance magic value.
     * - `ids` and `values` must have the same length.
     */
    function _safeBatchTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal {
        if (to == address(0)) {
            revert ERC1155InvalidReceiver(address(0));
        }
        if (from == address(0)) {
            revert ERC1155InvalidSender(address(0));
        }
        _updateWithAcceptanceCheck(from, to, ids, values, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets a new URI for all token types, by relying on the token type ID
     * substitution mechanism
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155#metadata[defined in the EIP].
     *
     * By this mechanism, any occurrence of the `\{id\}` substring in either the
     * URI or any of the values in the JSON file at said URI will be replaced by
     * clients with the token type ID.
     *
     * For example, the `https://token-cdn-domain/\{id\}.json` URI would be
     * interpreted by clients as
     * `https://token-cdn-domain/000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000004cce0.json`
     * for token type ID 0x4cce0.
     *
     * See {uri}.
     *
     * Because these URIs cannot be meaningfully represented by the {URI} event,
     * this function emits no events.
     */
    function _setURI(string memory newuri) internal virtual {
        _uri = newuri;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Creates a `value` amount of tokens of type `id`, and assigns them to `to`.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferSingle} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155Received} and return the
     * acceptance magic value.
     */
    function _mint(address to, uint256 id, uint256 value, bytes memory data) internal {
        if (to == address(0)) {
            revert ERC1155InvalidReceiver(address(0));
        }
        (uint256[] memory ids, uint256[] memory values) = _asSingletonArrays(id, value);
        _updateWithAcceptanceCheck(address(0), to, ids, values, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev xref:ROOT:erc1155.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {_mint}.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferBatch} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `ids` and `values` must have the same length.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155BatchReceived} and return the
     * acceptance magic value.
     */
    function _mintBatch(address to, uint256[] memory ids, uint256[] memory values, bytes memory data) internal {
        if (to == address(0)) {
            revert ERC1155InvalidReceiver(address(0));
        }
        _updateWithAcceptanceCheck(address(0), to, ids, values, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Destroys a `value` amount of tokens of type `id` from `from`
     *
     * Emits a {TransferSingle} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `from` must have at least `value` amount of tokens of type `id`.
     */
    function _burn(address from, uint256 id, uint256 value) internal {
        if (from == address(0)) {
            revert ERC1155InvalidSender(address(0));
        }
        (uint256[] memory ids, uint256[] memory values) = _asSingletonArrays(id, value);
        _updateWithAcceptanceCheck(from, address(0), ids, values, "");
    }

    /**
     * @dev xref:ROOT:erc1155.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {_burn}.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferBatch} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `from` must have at least `value` amount of tokens of type `id`.
     * - `ids` and `values` must have the same length.
     */
    function _burnBatch(address from, uint256[] memory ids, uint256[] memory values) internal {
        if (from == address(0)) {
            revert ERC1155InvalidSender(address(0));
        }
        _updateWithAcceptanceCheck(from, address(0), ids, values, "");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Approve `operator` to operate on all of `owner` tokens
     *
     * Emits an {ApprovalForAll} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `operator` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function _setApprovalForAll(address owner, address operator, bool approved) internal virtual {
        if (operator == address(0)) {
            revert ERC1155InvalidOperator(address(0));
        }
        _operatorApprovals[owner][operator] = approved;
        emit ApprovalForAll(owner, operator, approved);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs an acceptance check by calling {IERC1155-onERC1155Received} on the `to` address
     * if it contains code at the moment of execution.
     */
    function _doSafeTransferAcceptanceCheck(
        address operator,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 value,
        bytes memory data
    ) private {
        if (to.code.length > 0) {
            try IERC1155Receiver(to).onERC1155Received(operator, from, id, value, data) returns (bytes4 response) {
                if (response != IERC1155Receiver.onERC1155Received.selector) {
                    // Tokens rejected
                    revert ERC1155InvalidReceiver(to);
                }
            } catch (bytes memory reason) {
                if (reason.length == 0) {
                    // non-ERC1155Receiver implementer
                    revert ERC1155InvalidReceiver(to);
                } else {
                    /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                    assembly {
                        revert(add(32, reason), mload(reason))
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs a batch acceptance check by calling {IERC1155-onERC1155BatchReceived} on the `to` address
     * if it contains code at the moment of execution.
     */
    function _doSafeBatchTransferAcceptanceCheck(
        address operator,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes memory data
    ) private {
        if (to.code.length > 0) {
            try IERC1155Receiver(to).onERC1155BatchReceived(operator, from, ids, values, data) returns (
                bytes4 response
            ) {
                if (response != IERC1155Receiver.onERC1155BatchReceived.selector) {
                    // Tokens rejected
                    revert ERC1155InvalidReceiver(to);
                }
            } catch (bytes memory reason) {
                if (reason.length == 0) {
                    // non-ERC1155Receiver implementer
                    revert ERC1155InvalidReceiver(to);
                } else {
                    /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                    assembly {
                        revert(add(32, reason), mload(reason))
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Creates an array in memory with only one value for each of the elements provided.
     */
    function _asSingletonArrays(
        uint256 element1,
        uint256 element2
    ) private pure returns (uint256[] memory array1, uint256[] memory array2) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            // Load the free memory pointer
            array1 := mload(0x40)
            // Set array length to 1
            mstore(array1, 1)
            // Store the single element at the next word after the length (where content starts)
            mstore(add(array1, 0x20), element1)

            // Repeat for next array locating it right after the first array
            array2 := add(array1, 0x40)
            mstore(array2, 1)
            mstore(add(array2, 0x20), element2)

            // Update the free memory pointer by pointing after the second array
            mstore(0x40, add(array2, 0x40))
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC1155/IERC1155.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC165} from "../../utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Required interface of an ERC1155 compliant contract, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155[EIP].
 */
interface IERC1155 is IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` amount of tokens of type `id` are transferred from `from` to `to` by `operator`.
     */
    event TransferSingle(address indexed operator, address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 id, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Equivalent to multiple {TransferSingle} events, where `operator`, `from` and `to` are the same for all
     * transfers.
     */
    event TransferBatch(
        address indexed operator,
        address indexed from,
        address indexed to,
        uint256[] ids,
        uint256[] values
    );

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `account` grants or revokes permission to `operator` to transfer their tokens, according to
     * `approved`.
     */
    event ApprovalForAll(address indexed account, address indexed operator, bool approved);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the URI for token type `id` changes to `value`, if it is a non-programmatic URI.
     *
     * If an {URI} event was emitted for `id`, the standard
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155#metadata-extensions[guarantees] that `value` will equal the value
     * returned by {IERC1155MetadataURI-uri}.
     */
    event URI(string value, uint256 indexed id);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value of tokens of token type `id` owned by `account`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `account` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account, uint256 id) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev xref:ROOT:erc1155.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {balanceOf}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `accounts` and `ids` must have the same length.
     */
    function balanceOfBatch(
        address[] calldata accounts,
        uint256[] calldata ids
    ) external view returns (uint256[] memory);

    /**
     * @dev Grants or revokes permission to `operator` to transfer the caller's tokens, according to `approved`,
     *
     * Emits an {ApprovalForAll} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `operator` cannot be the caller.
     */
    function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool approved) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `operator` is approved to transfer ``account``'s tokens.
     *
     * See {setApprovalForAll}.
     */
    function isApprovedForAll(address account, address operator) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Transfers a `value` amount of tokens of type `id` from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * WARNING: This function can potentially allow a reentrancy attack when transferring tokens
     * to an untrusted contract, when invoking {onERC1155Received} on the receiver.
     * Ensure to follow the checks-effects-interactions pattern and consider employing
     * reentrancy guards when interacting with untrusted contracts.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferSingle} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must have been approved to spend ``from``'s tokens via {setApprovalForAll}.
     * - `from` must have a balance of tokens of type `id` of at least `value` amount.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155Received} and return the
     * acceptance magic value.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 id, uint256 value, bytes calldata data) external;

    /**
     * @dev xref:ROOT:erc1155.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {safeTransferFrom}.
     *
     *
     * WARNING: This function can potentially allow a reentrancy attack when transferring tokens
     * to an untrusted contract, when invoking {onERC1155BatchReceived} on the receiver.
     * Ensure to follow the checks-effects-interactions pattern and consider employing
     * reentrancy guards when interacting with untrusted contracts.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferBatch} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `ids` and `values` must have the same length.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155BatchReceived} and return the
     * acceptance magic value.
     */
    function safeBatchTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] calldata ids,
        uint256[] calldata values,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external;
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (token/ERC1155/IERC1155Receiver.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC165} from "../../utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Interface that must be implemented by smart contracts in order to receive
 * ERC-1155 token transfers.
 */
interface IERC1155Receiver is IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Handles the receipt of a single ERC1155 token type. This function is
     * called at the end of a `safeTransferFrom` after the balance has been updated.
     *
     * NOTE: To accept the transfer, this must return
     * `bytes4(keccak256("onERC1155Received(address,address,uint256,uint256,bytes)"))`
     * (i.e. 0xf23a6e61, or its own function selector).
     *
     * @param operator The address which initiated the transfer (i.e. msg.sender)
     * @param from The address which previously owned the token
     * @param id The ID of the token being transferred
     * @param value The amount of tokens being transferred
     * @param data Additional data with no specified format
     * @return `bytes4(keccak256("onERC1155Received(address,address,uint256,uint256,bytes)"))` if transfer is allowed
     */
    function onERC1155Received(
        address operator,
        address from,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 value,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external returns (bytes4);

    /**
     * @dev Handles the receipt of a multiple ERC1155 token types. This function
     * is called at the end of a `safeBatchTransferFrom` after the balances have
     * been updated.
     *
     * NOTE: To accept the transfer(s), this must return
     * `bytes4(keccak256("onERC1155BatchReceived(address,address,uint256[],uint256[],bytes)"))`
     * (i.e. 0xbc197c81, or its own function selector).
     *
     * @param operator The address which initiated the batch transfer (i.e. msg.sender)
     * @param from The address which previously owned the token
     * @param ids An array containing ids of each token being transferred (order and length must match values array)
     * @param values An array containing amounts of each token being transferred (order and length must match ids array)
     * @param data Additional data with no specified format
     * @return `bytes4(keccak256("onERC1155BatchReceived(address,address,uint256[],uint256[],bytes)"))` if transfer is allowed
     */
    function onERC1155BatchReceived(
        address operator,
        address from,
        uint256[] calldata ids,
        uint256[] calldata values,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external returns (bytes4);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC1155/extensions/ERC1155Burnable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ERC1155} from "../ERC1155.sol";

/**
 * @dev Extension of {ERC1155} that allows token holders to destroy both their
 * own tokens and those that they have been approved to use.
 */
abstract contract ERC1155Burnable is ERC1155 {
    function burn(address account, uint256 id, uint256 value) public virtual {
        if (account != _msgSender() && !isApprovedForAll(account, _msgSender())) {
            revert ERC1155MissingApprovalForAll(_msgSender(), account);
        }

        _burn(account, id, value);
    }

    function burnBatch(address account, uint256[] memory ids, uint256[] memory values) public virtual {
        if (account != _msgSender() && !isApprovedForAll(account, _msgSender())) {
            revert ERC1155MissingApprovalForAll(_msgSender(), account);
        }

        _burnBatch(account, ids, values);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.2) (token/ERC1155/extensions/ERC1155Pausable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ERC1155} from "../ERC1155.sol";
import {Pausable} from "../../../utils/Pausable.sol";

/**
 * @dev ERC1155 token with pausable token transfers, minting and burning.
 *
 * Useful for scenarios such as preventing trades until the end of an evaluation
 * period, or having an emergency switch for freezing all token transfers in the
 * event of a large bug.
 *
 * IMPORTANT: This contract does not include public pause and unpause functions. In
 * addition to inheriting this contract, you must define both functions, invoking the
 * {Pausable-_pause} and {Pausable-_unpause} internal functions, with appropriate
 * access control, e.g. using {AccessControl} or {Ownable}. Not doing so will
 * make the contract pause mechanism of the contract unreachable, and thus unusable.
 */
abstract contract ERC1155Pausable is ERC1155, Pausable {
    /**
     * @dev See {ERC1155-_update}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the contract must not be paused.
     */
    function _update(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory values
    ) internal virtual override whenNotPaused {
        super._update(from, to, ids, values);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.6.0) (token/ERC1155/extensions/ERC1155Supply.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ERC1155} from "../ERC1155.sol";

/**
 * @dev Extension of ERC1155 that adds tracking of total supply per id.
 *
 * Useful for scenarios where Fungible and Non-fungible tokens have to be
 * clearly identified. Note: While a totalSupply of 1 might mean the
 * corresponding is an NFT, there is no guarantees that no other token with the
 * same id are not going to be minted.
 *
 * NOTE: This contract implies a global limit of 2**256 - 1 to the number of tokens
 * that can be minted.
 *
 * CAUTION: This extension should not be added in an upgrade to an already deployed contract.
 */
abstract contract ERC1155Supply is ERC1155 {
    mapping(uint256 id => uint256) private _totalSupply;
    uint256 private _totalSupplyAll;

    /**
     * @dev Total value of tokens in with a given id.
     */
    function totalSupply(uint256 id) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _totalSupply[id];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Total value of tokens.
     */
    function totalSupply() public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _totalSupplyAll;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Indicates whether any token exist with a given id, or not.
     */
    function exists(uint256 id) public view virtual returns (bool) {
        return totalSupply(id) > 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {ERC1155-_update}.
     */
    function _update(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory values
    ) internal virtual override {
        super._update(from, to, ids, values);

        if (from == address(0)) {
            uint256 totalMintValue = 0;
            for (uint256 i = 0; i < ids.length; ++i) {
                uint256 value = values[i];
                // Overflow check required: The rest of the code assumes that totalSupply never overflows
                _totalSupply[ids[i]] += value;
                totalMintValue += value;
            }
            // Overflow check required: The rest of the code assumes that totalSupplyAll never overflows
            _totalSupplyAll += totalMintValue;
        }

        if (to == address(0)) {
            uint256 totalBurnValue = 0;
            for (uint256 i = 0; i < ids.length; ++i) {
                uint256 value = values[i];

                unchecked {
                    // Overflow not possible: values[i] <= balanceOf(from, ids[i]) <= totalSupply(ids[i])
                    _totalSupply[ids[i]] -= value;
                    // Overflow not possible: sum_i(values[i]) <= sum_i(totalSupply(ids[i])) <= totalSupplyAll
                    totalBurnValue += value;
                }
            }
            unchecked {
                // Overflow not possible: totalBurnValue = sum_i(values[i]) <= sum_i(totalSupply(ids[i])) <= totalSupplyAll
                _totalSupplyAll -= totalBurnValue;
            }
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.6.0) (token/ERC1155/extensions/ERC1155URIStorage.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Strings} from "../../../utils/Strings.sol";
import {ERC1155} from "../ERC1155.sol";

/**
 * @dev ERC1155 token with storage based token URI management.
 * Inspired by the ERC721URIStorage extension
 */
abstract contract ERC1155URIStorage is ERC1155 {
    using Strings for uint256;

    // Optional base URI
    string private _baseURI = "";

    // Optional mapping for token URIs
    mapping(uint256 tokenId => string) private _tokenURIs;

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155MetadataURI-uri}.
     *
     * This implementation returns the concatenation of the `_baseURI`
     * and the token-specific uri if the latter is set
     *
     * This enables the following behaviors:
     *
     * - if `_tokenURIs[tokenId]` is set, then the result is the concatenation
     *   of `_baseURI` and `_tokenURIs[tokenId]` (keep in mind that `_baseURI`
     *   is empty per default);
     *
     * - if `_tokenURIs[tokenId]` is NOT set then we fallback to `super.uri()`
     *   which in most cases will contain `ERC1155._uri`;
     *
     * - if `_tokenURIs[tokenId]` is NOT set, and if the parents do not have a
     *   uri value set, then the result is empty.
     */
    function uri(uint256 tokenId) public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        string memory tokenURI = _tokenURIs[tokenId];

        // If token URI is set, concatenate base URI and tokenURI (via string.concat).
        return bytes(tokenURI).length > 0 ? string.concat(_baseURI, tokenURI) : super.uri(tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets `tokenURI` as the tokenURI of `tokenId`.
     */
    function _setURI(uint256 tokenId, string memory tokenURI) internal virtual {
        _tokenURIs[tokenId] = tokenURI;
        emit URI(uri(tokenId), tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets `baseURI` as the `_baseURI` for all tokens
     */
    function _setBaseURI(string memory baseURI) internal virtual {
        _baseURI = baseURI;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC1155/extensions/IERC1155MetadataURI.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC1155} from "../IERC1155.sol";

/**
 * @dev Interface of the optional ERC1155MetadataExtension interface, as defined
 * in the https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155#metadata-extensions[EIP].
 */
interface IERC1155MetadataURI is IERC1155 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the URI for token type `id`.
     *
     * If the `\{id\}` substring is present in the URI, it must be replaced by
     * clients with the actual token type ID.
     */
    function uri(uint256 id) external view returns (string memory);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (token/ERC1155/utils/ERC1155Holder.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC165, ERC165} from "../../../utils/introspection/ERC165.sol";
import {IERC1155Receiver} from "../IERC1155Receiver.sol";

/**
 * @dev Simple implementation of `IERC1155Receiver` that will allow a contract to hold ERC1155 tokens.
 *
 * IMPORTANT: When inheriting this contract, you must include a way to use the received tokens, otherwise they will be
 * stuck.
 */
abstract contract ERC1155Holder is ERC165, IERC1155Receiver {
    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override(ERC165, IERC165) returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IERC1155Receiver).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    function onERC1155Received(
        address,
        address,
        uint256,
        uint256,
        bytes memory
    ) public virtual override returns (bytes4) {
        return this.onERC1155Received.selector;
    }

    function onERC1155BatchReceived(
        address,
        address,
        uint256[] memory,
        uint256[] memory,
        bytes memory
    ) public virtual override returns (bytes4) {
        return this.onERC1155BatchReceived.selector;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC20/ERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20} from "./IERC20.sol";
import {IERC20Metadata} from "./extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol";
import {Context} from "../../utils/Context.sol";
import {IERC20Errors} from "../../interfaces/draft-IERC6093.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the {IERC20} interface.
 *
 * This implementation is agnostic to the way tokens are created. This means
 * that a supply mechanism has to be added in a derived contract using {_mint}.
 *
 * TIP: For a detailed writeup see our guide
 * https://forum.openzeppelin.com/t/how-to-implement-erc20-supply-mechanisms/226[How
 * to implement supply mechanisms].
 *
 * The default value of {decimals} is 18. To change this, you should override
 * this function so it returns a different value.
 *
 * We have followed general OpenZeppelin Contracts guidelines: functions revert
 * instead returning `false` on failure. This behavior is nonetheless
 * conventional and does not conflict with the expectations of ERC20
 * applications.
 *
 * Additionally, an {Approval} event is emitted on calls to {transferFrom}.
 * This allows applications to reconstruct the allowance for all accounts just
 * by listening to said events. Other implementations of the EIP may not emit
 * these events, as it isn't required by the specification.
 */
abstract contract ERC20 is Context, IERC20, IERC20Metadata, IERC20Errors {
    mapping(address account => uint256) private _balances;

    mapping(address account => mapping(address spender => uint256)) private _allowances;

    uint256 private _totalSupply;

    string private _name;
    string private _symbol;

    /**
     * @dev Sets the values for {name} and {symbol}.
     *
     * All two of these values are immutable: they can only be set once during
     * construction.
     */
    constructor(string memory name_, string memory symbol_) {
        _name = name_;
        _symbol = symbol_;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the name of the token.
     */
    function name() public view virtual returns (string memory) {
        return _name;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the symbol of the token, usually a shorter version of the
     * name.
     */
    function symbol() public view virtual returns (string memory) {
        return _symbol;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of decimals used to get its user representation.
     * For example, if `decimals` equals `2`, a balance of `505` tokens should
     * be displayed to a user as `5.05` (`505 / 10 ** 2`).
     *
     * Tokens usually opt for a value of 18, imitating the relationship between
     * Ether and Wei. This is the default value returned by this function, unless
     * it's overridden.
     *
     * NOTE: This information is only used for _display_ purposes: it in
     * no way affects any of the arithmetic of the contract, including
     * {IERC20-balanceOf} and {IERC20-transfer}.
     */
    function decimals() public view virtual returns (uint8) {
        return 18;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-totalSupply}.
     */
    function totalSupply() public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _totalSupply;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-balanceOf}.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _balances[account];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-transfer}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - the caller must have a balance of at least `value`.
     */
    function transfer(address to, uint256 value) public virtual returns (bool) {
        address owner = _msgSender();
        _transfer(owner, to, value);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-allowance}.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _allowances[owner][spender];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-approve}.
     *
     * NOTE: If `value` is the maximum `uint256`, the allowance is not updated on
     * `transferFrom`. This is semantically equivalent to an infinite approval.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 value) public virtual returns (bool) {
        address owner = _msgSender();
        _approve(owner, spender, value);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-transferFrom}.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance. This is not
     * required by the EIP. See the note at the beginning of {ERC20}.
     *
     * NOTE: Does not update the allowance if the current allowance
     * is the maximum `uint256`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` and `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `from` must have a balance of at least `value`.
     * - the caller must have allowance for ``from``'s tokens of at least
     * `value`.
     */
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 value) public virtual returns (bool) {
        address spender = _msgSender();
        _spendAllowance(from, spender, value);
        _transfer(from, to, value);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Moves a `value` amount of tokens from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * This internal function is equivalent to {transfer}, and can be used to
     * e.g. implement automatic token fees, slashing mechanisms, etc.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     *
     * NOTE: This function is not virtual, {_update} should be overridden instead.
     */
    function _transfer(address from, address to, uint256 value) internal {
        if (from == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidSender(address(0));
        }
        if (to == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidReceiver(address(0));
        }
        _update(from, to, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers a `value` amount of tokens from `from` to `to`, or alternatively mints (or burns) if `from`
     * (or `to`) is the zero address. All customizations to transfers, mints, and burns should be done by overriding
     * this function.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function _update(address from, address to, uint256 value) internal virtual {
        if (from == address(0)) {
            // Overflow check required: The rest of the code assumes that totalSupply never overflows
            _totalSupply += value;
        } else {
            uint256 fromBalance = _balances[from];
            if (fromBalance < value) {
                revert ERC20InsufficientBalance(from, fromBalance, value);
            }
            unchecked {
                // Overflow not possible: value <= fromBalance <= totalSupply.
                _balances[from] = fromBalance - value;
            }
        }

        if (to == address(0)) {
            unchecked {
                // Overflow not possible: value <= totalSupply or value <= fromBalance <= totalSupply.
                _totalSupply -= value;
            }
        } else {
            unchecked {
                // Overflow not possible: balance + value is at most totalSupply, which we know fits into a uint256.
                _balances[to] += value;
            }
        }

        emit Transfer(from, to, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Creates a `value` amount of tokens and assigns them to `account`, by transferring it from address(0).
     * Relies on the `_update` mechanism
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event with `from` set to the zero address.
     *
     * NOTE: This function is not virtual, {_update} should be overridden instead.
     */
    function _mint(address account, uint256 value) internal {
        if (account == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidReceiver(address(0));
        }
        _update(address(0), account, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Destroys a `value` amount of tokens from `account`, lowering the total supply.
     * Relies on the `_update` mechanism.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event with `to` set to the zero address.
     *
     * NOTE: This function is not virtual, {_update} should be overridden instead
     */
    function _burn(address account, uint256 value) internal {
        if (account == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidSender(address(0));
        }
        _update(account, address(0), value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets `value` as the allowance of `spender` over the `owner` s tokens.
     *
     * This internal function is equivalent to `approve`, and can be used to
     * e.g. set automatic allowances for certain subsystems, etc.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `owner` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     *
     * Overrides to this logic should be done to the variant with an additional `bool emitEvent` argument.
     */
    function _approve(address owner, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
        _approve(owner, spender, value, true);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Variant of {_approve} with an optional flag to enable or disable the {Approval} event.
     *
     * By default (when calling {_approve}) the flag is set to true. On the other hand, approval changes made by
     * `_spendAllowance` during the `transferFrom` operation set the flag to false. This saves gas by not emitting any
     * `Approval` event during `transferFrom` operations.
     *
     * Anyone who wishes to continue emitting `Approval` events on the`transferFrom` operation can force the flag to
     * true using the following override:
     * ```
     * function _approve(address owner, address spender, uint256 value, bool) internal virtual override {
     *     super._approve(owner, spender, value, true);
     * }
     * ```
     *
     * Requirements are the same as {_approve}.
     */
    function _approve(address owner, address spender, uint256 value, bool emitEvent) internal virtual {
        if (owner == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidApprover(address(0));
        }
        if (spender == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidSpender(address(0));
        }
        _allowances[owner][spender] = value;
        if (emitEvent) {
            emit Approval(owner, spender, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Updates `owner` s allowance for `spender` based on spent `value`.
     *
     * Does not update the allowance value in case of infinite allowance.
     * Revert if not enough allowance is available.
     *
     * Does not emit an {Approval} event.
     */
    function _spendAllowance(address owner, address spender, uint256 value) internal virtual {
        uint256 currentAllowance = allowance(owner, spender);
        if (currentAllowance != type(uint256).max) {
            if (currentAllowance < value) {
                revert ERC20InsufficientAllowance(spender, currentAllowance, value);
            }
            unchecked {
                _approve(owner, spender, currentAllowance - value, false);
            }
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC20/IERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
 */
interface IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
     * another (`to`).
     *
     * Note that `value` may be zero.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
     * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value of tokens in existence.
     */
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value of tokens owned by `account`.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Moves a `value` amount of tokens from the caller's account to `to`.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transfer(address to, uint256 value) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
     * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
     * zero by default.
     *
     * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Sets a `value` amount of tokens as the allowance of `spender` over the
     * caller's tokens.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
     * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
     * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
     * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
     * desired value afterwards:
     * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 value) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Moves a `value` amount of tokens from `from` to `to` using the
     * allowance mechanism. `value` is then deducted from the caller's
     * allowance.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 value) external returns (bool);
}
