wrappedToken

target

AddressEmptyCode

account

AddressInsufficientBalance

CheckpointUnorderedInsertion

ECDSAInvalidSignature

length

ECDSAInvalidSignatureLength

ECDSAInvalidSignatureS

increasedSupply

ERC20ExceededSafeSupply

spender

allowance

needed

ERC20InsufficientAllowance

sender

balance

ERC20InsufficientBalance

approver

ERC20InvalidApprover

receiver

ERC20InvalidReceiver

ERC20InvalidSender

ERC20InvalidSpender

token

ERC20InvalidUnderlying

deadline

ERC2612ExpiredSignature

signer

owner

ERC2612InvalidSigner

timepoint

clock

ERC5805FutureLookup

ERC6372InconsistentClock

FailedInnerCall

currentNonce

InvalidAccountNonce

InvalidShortString

bits

value

SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast

SafeERC20FailedOperation

StringTooLong

expiry

VotesExpiredSignature

Approval

delegator

fromDelegate

toDelegate

DelegateChanged

delegate

previousVotes

newVotes

DelegateVotesChanged

EIP712DomainChanged

from

Transfer

CLOCK_MODE

DOMAIN_SEPARATOR

approve

balanceOf

checkpoints

decimals

delegatee

nonce

delegateBySig

delegates

depositFor

eip712Domain

fields

name

version

chainId

verifyingContract

salt

extensions

getPastTotalSupply

getPastVotes

getVotes

nonces

numCheckpoints

permit

symbol

totalSupply

transfer

transferFrom

underlying

withdrawTo

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20, ERC20} from "../../../token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";
import {ERC20Permit} from "../../../token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Permit.sol";
import {ERC20Votes} from "../../../token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Votes.sol";
import {ERC20Wrapper} from "../../../token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Wrapper.sol";
import {Nonces} from "../../../utils/Nonces.sol";

contract MyTokenWrapped is ERC20, ERC20Permit, ERC20Votes, ERC20Wrapper {
    constructor(
        IERC20 wrappedToken
    ) ERC20("MyTokenWrapped", "MTK") ERC20Permit("MyTokenWrapped") ERC20Wrapper(wrappedToken) {}

    // The functions below are overrides required by Solidity.

    function decimals() public view override(ERC20, ERC20Wrapper) returns (uint8) {
        return super.decimals();
    }

    function _update(address from, address to, uint256 amount) internal override(ERC20, ERC20Votes) {
        super._update(from, to, amount);
    }

    function nonces(address owner) public view virtual override(ERC20Permit, Nonces) returns (uint256) {
        return super.nonces(owner);
    }
}


The MyTokenWrapped contract is an ERC20 token wrapper that allows users to wrap and unwrap an underlying ERC20 token. It inherits from multiple ERC20-related contracts and overrides necessary functions for compatibility.

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC20/ERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20} from "./IERC20.sol";
import {IERC20Metadata} from "./extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol";
import {Context} from "../../utils/Context.sol";
import {IERC20Errors} from "../../interfaces/draft-IERC6093.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the {IERC20} interface.
 *
 * This implementation is agnostic to the way tokens are created. This means
 * that a supply mechanism has to be added in a derived contract using {_mint}.
 *
 * TIP: For a detailed writeup see our guide
 * https://forum.openzeppelin.com/t/how-to-implement-erc20-supply-mechanisms/226[How
 * to implement supply mechanisms].
 *
 * The default value of {decimals} is 18. To change this, you should override
 * this function so it returns a different value.
 *
 * We have followed general OpenZeppelin Contracts guidelines: functions revert
 * instead returning `false` on failure. This behavior is nonetheless
 * conventional and does not conflict with the expectations of ERC20
 * applications.
 *
 * Additionally, an {Approval} event is emitted on calls to {transferFrom}.
 * This allows applications to reconstruct the allowance for all accounts just
 * by listening to said events. Other implementations of the EIP may not emit
 * these events, as it isn't required by the specification.
 */
abstract contract ERC20 is Context, IERC20, IERC20Metadata, IERC20Errors {
    mapping(address account => uint256) private _balances;

    mapping(address account => mapping(address spender => uint256)) private _allowances;

    uint256 private _totalSupply;

    string private _name;
    string private _symbol;

    /**
     * @dev Sets the values for {name} and {symbol}.
     *
     * All two of these values are immutable: they can only be set once during
     * construction.
     */
    constructor(string memory name_, string memory symbol_) {
        _name = name_;
        _symbol = symbol_;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the name of the token.
     */
    function name() public view virtual returns (string memory) {
        return _name;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the symbol of the token, usually a shorter version of the
     * name.
     */
    function symbol() public view virtual returns (string memory) {
        return _symbol;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of decimals used to get its user representation.
     * For example, if `decimals` equals `2`, a balance of `505` tokens should
     * be displayed to a user as `5.05` (`505 / 10 ** 2`).
     *
     * Tokens usually opt for a value of 18, imitating the relationship between
     * Ether and Wei. This is the default value returned by this function, unless
     * it's overridden.
     *
     * NOTE: This information is only used for _display_ purposes: it in
     * no way affects any of the arithmetic of the contract, including
     * {IERC20-balanceOf} and {IERC20-transfer}.
     */
    function decimals() public view virtual returns (uint8) {
        return 18;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-totalSupply}.
     */
    function totalSupply() public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _totalSupply;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-balanceOf}.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _balances[account];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-transfer}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - the caller must have a balance of at least `value`.
     */
    function transfer(address to, uint256 value) public virtual returns (bool) {
        address owner = _msgSender();
        _transfer(owner, to, value);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-allowance}.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _allowances[owner][spender];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-approve}.
     *
     * NOTE: If `value` is the maximum `uint256`, the allowance is not updated on
     * `transferFrom`. This is semantically equivalent to an infinite approval.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 value) public virtual returns (bool) {
        address owner = _msgSender();
        _approve(owner, spender, value);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-transferFrom}.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance. This is not
     * required by the EIP. See the note at the beginning of {ERC20}.
     *
     * NOTE: Does not update the allowance if the current allowance
     * is the maximum `uint256`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` and `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `from` must have a balance of at least `value`.
     * - the caller must have allowance for ``from``'s tokens of at least
     * `value`.
     */
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 value) public virtual returns (bool) {
        address spender = _msgSender();
        _spendAllowance(from, spender, value);
        _transfer(from, to, value);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Moves a `value` amount of tokens from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * This internal function is equivalent to {transfer}, and can be used to
     * e.g. implement automatic token fees, slashing mechanisms, etc.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     *
     * NOTE: This function is not virtual, {_update} should be overridden instead.
     */
    function _transfer(address from, address to, uint256 value) internal {
        if (from == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidSender(address(0));
        }
        if (to == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidReceiver(address(0));
        }
        _update(from, to, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers a `value` amount of tokens from `from` to `to`, or alternatively mints (or burns) if `from`
     * (or `to`) is the zero address. All customizations to transfers, mints, and burns should be done by overriding
     * this function.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function _update(address from, address to, uint256 value) internal virtual {
        if (from == address(0)) {
            // Overflow check required: The rest of the code assumes that totalSupply never overflows
            _totalSupply += value;
        } else {
            uint256 fromBalance = _balances[from];
            if (fromBalance < value) {
                revert ERC20InsufficientBalance(from, fromBalance, value);
            }
            unchecked {
                // Overflow not possible: value <= fromBalance <= totalSupply.
                _balances[from] = fromBalance - value;
            }
        }

        if (to == address(0)) {
            unchecked {
                // Overflow not possible: value <= totalSupply or value <= fromBalance <= totalSupply.
                _totalSupply -= value;
            }
        } else {
            unchecked {
                // Overflow not possible: balance + value is at most totalSupply, which we know fits into a uint256.
                _balances[to] += value;
            }
        }

        emit Transfer(from, to, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Creates a `value` amount of tokens and assigns them to `account`, by transferring it from address(0).
     * Relies on the `_update` mechanism
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event with `from` set to the zero address.
     *
     * NOTE: This function is not virtual, {_update} should be overridden instead.
     */
    function _mint(address account, uint256 value) internal {
        if (account == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidReceiver(address(0));
        }
        _update(address(0), account, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Destroys a `value` amount of tokens from `account`, lowering the total supply.
     * Relies on the `_update` mechanism.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event with `to` set to the zero address.
     *
     * NOTE: This function is not virtual, {_update} should be overridden instead
     */
    function _burn(address account, uint256 value) internal {
        if (account == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidSender(address(0));
        }
        _update(account, address(0), value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets `value` as the allowance of `spender` over the `owner` s tokens.
     *
     * This internal function is equivalent to `approve`, and can be used to
     * e.g. set automatic allowances for certain subsystems, etc.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `owner` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     *
     * Overrides to this logic should be done to the variant with an additional `bool emitEvent` argument.
     */
    function _approve(address owner, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
        _approve(owner, spender, value, true);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Variant of {_approve} with an optional flag to enable or disable the {Approval} event.
     *
     * By default (when calling {_approve}) the flag is set to true. On the other hand, approval changes made by
     * `_spendAllowance` during the `transferFrom` operation set the flag to false. This saves gas by not emitting any
     * `Approval` event during `transferFrom` operations.
     *
     * Anyone who wishes to continue emitting `Approval` events on the`transferFrom` operation can force the flag to
     * true using the following override:
     * ```
     * function _approve(address owner, address spender, uint256 value, bool) internal virtual override {
     *     super._approve(owner, spender, value, true);
     * }
     * ```
     *
     * Requirements are the same as {_approve}.
     */
    function _approve(address owner, address spender, uint256 value, bool emitEvent) internal virtual {
        if (owner == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidApprover(address(0));
        }
        if (spender == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidSpender(address(0));
        }
        _allowances[owner][spender] = value;
        if (emitEvent) {
            emit Approval(owner, spender, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Updates `owner` s allowance for `spender` based on spent `value`.
     *
     * Does not update the allowance value in case of infinite allowance.
     * Revert if not enough allowance is available.
     *
     * Does not emit an {Approval} event.
     */
    function _spendAllowance(address owner, address spender, uint256 value) internal virtual {
        uint256 currentAllowance = allowance(owner, spender);
        if (currentAllowance != type(uint256).max) {
            if (currentAllowance < value) {
                revert ERC20InsufficientAllowance(spender, currentAllowance, value);
            }
            unchecked {
                _approve(owner, spender, currentAllowance - value, false);
            }
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC20/IERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
 */
interface IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
     * another (`to`).
     *
     * Note that `value` may be zero.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
     * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value of tokens in existence.
     */
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value of tokens owned by `account`.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Moves a `value` amount of tokens from the caller's account to `to`.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transfer(address to, uint256 value) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
     * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
     * zero by default.
     *
     * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Sets a `value` amount of tokens as the allowance of `spender` over the
     * caller's tokens.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
     * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
     * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
     * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
     * desired value afterwards:
     * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 value) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Moves a `value` amount of tokens from `from` to `to` using the
     * allowance mechanism. `value` is then deducted from the caller's
     * allowance.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 value) external returns (bool);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20} from "../IERC20.sol";

/**
 * @dev Interface for the optional metadata functions from the ERC20 standard.
 */
interface IERC20Metadata is IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the name of the token.
     */
    function name() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the symbol of the token.
     */
    function symbol() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the decimals places of the token.
     */
    function decimals() external view returns (uint8);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (interfaces/IERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20} from "../token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Context.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract Context {
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
        return msg.data;
    }
}


ERC721IncorrectOwner

ERC721InsufficientApproval

ERC721InvalidApprover

ERC721InvalidOperator

ERC721InvalidOwner

ERC721InvalidReceiver

ERC721InvalidSender

ERC721NonexistentToken

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Standard ERC20 Errors
 * Interface of the https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-6093[ERC-6093] custom errors for ERC20 tokens.
 */
interface IERC20Errors {
    /**
     * @dev Indicates an error related to the current `balance` of a `sender`. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     * @param balance Current balance for the interacting account.
     * @param needed Minimum amount required to perform a transfer.
     */
    error ERC20InsufficientBalance(address sender, uint256 balance, uint256 needed);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `sender`. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC20InvalidSender(address sender);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `receiver`. Used in transfers.
     * @param receiver Address to which tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC20InvalidReceiver(address receiver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `spender`’s `allowance`. Used in transfers.
     * @param spender Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     * @param allowance Amount of tokens a `spender` is allowed to operate with.
     * @param needed Minimum amount required to perform a transfer.
     */
    error ERC20InsufficientAllowance(address spender, uint256 allowance, uint256 needed);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `approver` of a token to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param approver Address initiating an approval operation.
     */
    error ERC20InvalidApprover(address approver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `spender` to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param spender Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     */
    error ERC20InvalidSpender(address spender);
}

/**
 * @dev Standard ERC721 Errors
 * Interface of the https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-6093[ERC-6093] custom errors for ERC721 tokens.
 */
interface IERC721Errors {
    /**
     * @dev Indicates that an address can't be an owner. For example, `address(0)` is a forbidden owner in EIP-20.
     * Used in balance queries.
     * @param owner Address of the current owner of a token.
     */
    error ERC721InvalidOwner(address owner);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a `tokenId` whose `owner` is the zero address.
     * @param tokenId Identifier number of a token.
     */
    error ERC721NonexistentToken(uint256 tokenId);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates an error related to the ownership over a particular token. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     * @param tokenId Identifier number of a token.
     * @param owner Address of the current owner of a token.
     */
    error ERC721IncorrectOwner(address sender, uint256 tokenId, address owner);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `sender`. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC721InvalidSender(address sender);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `receiver`. Used in transfers.
     * @param receiver Address to which tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC721InvalidReceiver(address receiver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `operator`’s approval. Used in transfers.
     * @param operator Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     * @param tokenId Identifier number of a token.
     */
    error ERC721InsufficientApproval(address operator, uint256 tokenId);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `approver` of a token to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param approver Address initiating an approval operation.
     */
    error ERC721InvalidApprover(address approver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `operator` to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param operator Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     */
    error ERC721InvalidOperator(address operator);
}

/**
 * @dev Standard ERC1155 Errors
 * Interface of the https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-6093[ERC-6093] custom errors for ERC1155 tokens.
 */
interface IERC1155Errors {
    /**
     * @dev Indicates an error related to the current `balance` of a `sender`. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     * @param balance Current balance for the interacting account.
     * @param needed Minimum amount required to perform a transfer.
     * @param tokenId Identifier number of a token.
     */
    error ERC1155InsufficientBalance(address sender, uint256 balance, uint256 needed, uint256 tokenId);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `sender`. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC1155InvalidSender(address sender);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `receiver`. Used in transfers.
     * @param receiver Address to which tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC1155InvalidReceiver(address receiver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `operator`’s approval. Used in transfers.
     * @param operator Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     * @param owner Address of the current owner of a token.
     */
    error ERC1155MissingApprovalForAll(address operator, address owner);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `approver` of a token to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param approver Address initiating an approval operation.
     */
    error ERC1155InvalidApprover(address approver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `operator` to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param operator Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     */
    error ERC1155InvalidOperator(address operator);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates an array length mismatch between ids and values in a safeBatchTransferFrom operation.
     * Used in batch transfers.
     * @param idsLength Length of the array of token identifiers
     * @param valuesLength Length of the array of token amounts
     */
    error ERC1155InvalidArrayLength(uint256 idsLength, uint256 valuesLength);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Permit.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20Permit} from "./IERC20Permit.sol";
import {ERC20} from "../ERC20.sol";
import {ECDSA} from "../../../utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol";
import {EIP712} from "../../../utils/cryptography/EIP712.sol";
import {Nonces} from "../../../utils/Nonces.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the ERC20 Permit extension allowing approvals to be made via signatures, as defined in
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612[EIP-2612].
 *
 * Adds the {permit} method, which can be used to change an account's ERC20 allowance (see {IERC20-allowance}) by
 * presenting a message signed by the account. By not relying on `{IERC20-approve}`, the token holder account doesn't
 * need to send a transaction, and thus is not required to hold Ether at all.
 */
abstract contract ERC20Permit is ERC20, IERC20Permit, EIP712, Nonces {
    bytes32 private constant PERMIT_TYPEHASH =
        keccak256("Permit(address owner,address spender,uint256 value,uint256 nonce,uint256 deadline)");

    /**
     * @dev Permit deadline has expired.
     */
    error ERC2612ExpiredSignature(uint256 deadline);

    /**
     * @dev Mismatched signature.
     */
    error ERC2612InvalidSigner(address signer, address owner);

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the {EIP712} domain separator using the `name` parameter, and setting `version` to `"1"`.
     *
     * It's a good idea to use the same `name` that is defined as the ERC20 token name.
     */
    constructor(string memory name) EIP712(name, "1") {}

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IERC20Permit
     */
    function permit(
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 value,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) public virtual {
        if (block.timestamp > deadline) {
            revert ERC2612ExpiredSignature(deadline);
        }

        bytes32 structHash = keccak256(abi.encode(PERMIT_TYPEHASH, owner, spender, value, _useNonce(owner), deadline));

        bytes32 hash = _hashTypedDataV4(structHash);

        address signer = ECDSA.recover(hash, v, r, s);
        if (signer != owner) {
            revert ERC2612InvalidSigner(signer, owner);
        }

        _approve(owner, spender, value);
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IERC20Permit
     */
    function nonces(address owner) public view virtual override(IERC20Permit, Nonces) returns (uint256) {
        return super.nonces(owner);
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IERC20Permit
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function DOMAIN_SEPARATOR() external view virtual returns (bytes32) {
        return _domainSeparatorV4();
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Permit.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 Permit extension allowing approvals to be made via signatures, as defined in
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612[EIP-2612].
 *
 * Adds the {permit} method, which can be used to change an account's ERC20 allowance (see {IERC20-allowance}) by
 * presenting a message signed by the account. By not relying on {IERC20-approve}, the token holder account doesn't
 * need to send a transaction, and thus is not required to hold Ether at all.
 *
 * ==== Security Considerations
 *
 * There are two important considerations concerning the use of `permit`. The first is that a valid permit signature
 * expresses an allowance, and it should not be assumed to convey additional meaning. In particular, it should not be
 * considered as an intention to spend the allowance in any specific way. The second is that because permits have
 * built-in replay protection and can be submitted by anyone, they can be frontrun. A protocol that uses permits should
 * take this into consideration and allow a `permit` call to fail. Combining these two aspects, a pattern that may be
 * generally recommended is:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * function doThingWithPermit(..., uint256 value, uint256 deadline, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s) public {
 *     try token.permit(msg.sender, address(this), value, deadline, v, r, s) {} catch {}
 *     doThing(..., value);
 * }
 *
 * function doThing(..., uint256 value) public {
 *     token.safeTransferFrom(msg.sender, address(this), value);
 *     ...
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Observe that: 1) `msg.sender` is used as the owner, leaving no ambiguity as to the signer intent, and 2) the use of
 * `try/catch` allows the permit to fail and makes the code tolerant to frontrunning. (See also
 * {SafeERC20-safeTransferFrom}).
 *
 * Additionally, note that smart contract wallets (such as Argent or Safe) are not able to produce permit signatures, so
 * contracts should have entry points that don't rely on permit.
 */
interface IERC20Permit {
    /**
     * @dev Sets `value` as the allowance of `spender` over ``owner``'s tokens,
     * given ``owner``'s signed approval.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: The same issues {IERC20-approve} has related to transaction
     * ordering also apply here.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `deadline` must be a timestamp in the future.
     * - `v`, `r` and `s` must be a valid `secp256k1` signature from `owner`
     * over the EIP712-formatted function arguments.
     * - the signature must use ``owner``'s current nonce (see {nonces}).
     *
     * For more information on the signature format, see the
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612#specification[relevant EIP
     * section].
     *
     * CAUTION: See Security Considerations above.
     */
    function permit(
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 value,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current nonce for `owner`. This value must be
     * included whenever a signature is generated for {permit}.
     *
     * Every successful call to {permit} increases ``owner``'s nonce by one. This
     * prevents a signature from being used multiple times.
     */
    function nonces(address owner) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the domain separator used in the encoding of the signature for {permit}, as defined by {EIP712}.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function DOMAIN_SEPARATOR() external view returns (bytes32);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) operations.
 *
 * These functions can be used to verify that a message was signed by the holder
 * of the private keys of a given address.
 */
library ECDSA {
    enum RecoverError {
        NoError,
        InvalidSignature,
        InvalidSignatureLength,
        InvalidSignatureS
    }

    /**
     * @dev The signature derives the `address(0)`.
     */
    error ECDSAInvalidSignature();

    /**
     * @dev The signature has an invalid length.
     */
    error ECDSAInvalidSignatureLength(uint256 length);

    /**
     * @dev The signature has an S value that is in the upper half order.
     */
    error ECDSAInvalidSignatureS(bytes32 s);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address that signed a hashed message (`hash`) with `signature` or an error. This will not
     * return address(0) without also returning an error description. Errors are documented using an enum (error type)
     * and a bytes32 providing additional information about the error.
     *
     * If no error is returned, then the address can be used for verification purposes.
     *
     * The `ecrecover` EVM precompile allows for malleable (non-unique) signatures:
     * this function rejects them by requiring the `s` value to be in the lower
     * half order, and the `v` value to be either 27 or 28.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: `hash` _must_ be the result of a hash operation for the
     * verification to be secure: it is possible to craft signatures that
     * recover to arbitrary addresses for non-hashed data. A safe way to ensure
     * this is by receiving a hash of the original message (which may otherwise
     * be too long), and then calling {MessageHashUtils-toEthSignedMessageHash} on it.
     *
     * Documentation for signature generation:
     * - with https://web3js.readthedocs.io/en/v1.3.4/web3-eth-accounts.html#sign[Web3.js]
     * - with https://docs.ethers.io/v5/api/signer/#Signer-signMessage[ethers]
     */
    function tryRecover(bytes32 hash, bytes memory signature) internal pure returns (address, RecoverError, bytes32) {
        if (signature.length == 65) {
            bytes32 r;
            bytes32 s;
            uint8 v;
            // ecrecover takes the signature parameters, and the only way to get them
            // currently is to use assembly.
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                r := mload(add(signature, 0x20))
                s := mload(add(signature, 0x40))
                v := byte(0, mload(add(signature, 0x60)))
            }
            return tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
        } else {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignatureLength, bytes32(signature.length));
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address that signed a hashed message (`hash`) with
     * `signature`. This address can then be used for verification purposes.
     *
     * The `ecrecover` EVM precompile allows for malleable (non-unique) signatures:
     * this function rejects them by requiring the `s` value to be in the lower
     * half order, and the `v` value to be either 27 or 28.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: `hash` _must_ be the result of a hash operation for the
     * verification to be secure: it is possible to craft signatures that
     * recover to arbitrary addresses for non-hashed data. A safe way to ensure
     * this is by receiving a hash of the original message (which may otherwise
     * be too long), and then calling {MessageHashUtils-toEthSignedMessageHash} on it.
     */
    function recover(bytes32 hash, bytes memory signature) internal pure returns (address) {
        (address recovered, RecoverError error, bytes32 errorArg) = tryRecover(hash, signature);
        _throwError(error, errorArg);
        return recovered;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-tryRecover} that receives the `r` and `vs` short-signature fields separately.
     *
     * See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2098[EIP-2098 short signatures]
     */
    function tryRecover(bytes32 hash, bytes32 r, bytes32 vs) internal pure returns (address, RecoverError, bytes32) {
        unchecked {
            bytes32 s = vs & bytes32(0x7fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff);
            // We do not check for an overflow here since the shift operation results in 0 or 1.
            uint8 v = uint8((uint256(vs) >> 255) + 27);
            return tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-recover} that receives the `r and `vs` short-signature fields separately.
     */
    function recover(bytes32 hash, bytes32 r, bytes32 vs) internal pure returns (address) {
        (address recovered, RecoverError error, bytes32 errorArg) = tryRecover(hash, r, vs);
        _throwError(error, errorArg);
        return recovered;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-tryRecover} that receives the `v`,
     * `r` and `s` signature fields separately.
     */
    function tryRecover(
        bytes32 hash,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) internal pure returns (address, RecoverError, bytes32) {
        // EIP-2 still allows signature malleability for ecrecover(). Remove this possibility and make the signature
        // unique. Appendix F in the Ethereum Yellow paper (https://ethereum.github.io/yellowpaper/paper.pdf), defines
        // the valid range for s in (301): 0 < s < secp256k1n ÷ 2 + 1, and for v in (302): v ∈ {27, 28}. Most
        // signatures from current libraries generate a unique signature with an s-value in the lower half order.
        //
        // If your library generates malleable signatures, such as s-values in the upper range, calculate a new s-value
        // with 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFEBAAEDCE6AF48A03BBFD25E8CD0364141 - s1 and flip v from 27 to 28 or
        // vice versa. If your library also generates signatures with 0/1 for v instead 27/28, add 27 to v to accept
        // these malleable signatures as well.
        if (uint256(s) > 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF5D576E7357A4501DDFE92F46681B20A0) {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignatureS, s);
        }

        // If the signature is valid (and not malleable), return the signer address
        address signer = ecrecover(hash, v, r, s);
        if (signer == address(0)) {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignature, bytes32(0));
        }

        return (signer, RecoverError.NoError, bytes32(0));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-recover} that receives the `v`,
     * `r` and `s` signature fields separately.
     */
    function recover(bytes32 hash, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s) internal pure returns (address) {
        (address recovered, RecoverError error, bytes32 errorArg) = tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
        _throwError(error, errorArg);
        return recovered;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Optionally reverts with the corresponding custom error according to the `error` argument provided.
     */
    function _throwError(RecoverError error, bytes32 errorArg) private pure {
        if (error == RecoverError.NoError) {
            return; // no error: do nothing
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignature) {
            revert ECDSAInvalidSignature();
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignatureLength) {
            revert ECDSAInvalidSignatureLength(uint256(errorArg));
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignatureS) {
            revert ECDSAInvalidSignatureS(errorArg);
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/cryptography/EIP712.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {MessageHashUtils} from "./MessageHashUtils.sol";
import {ShortStrings, ShortString} from "../ShortStrings.sol";
import {IERC5267} from "../../interfaces/IERC5267.sol";

/**
 * @dev https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712[EIP 712] is a standard for hashing and signing of typed structured data.
 *
 * The encoding scheme specified in the EIP requires a domain separator and a hash of the typed structured data, whose
 * encoding is very generic and therefore its implementation in Solidity is not feasible, thus this contract
 * does not implement the encoding itself. Protocols need to implement the type-specific encoding they need in order to
 * produce the hash of their typed data using a combination of `abi.encode` and `keccak256`.
 *
 * This contract implements the EIP 712 domain separator ({_domainSeparatorV4}) that is used as part of the encoding
 * scheme, and the final step of the encoding to obtain the message digest that is then signed via ECDSA
 * ({_hashTypedDataV4}).
 *
 * The implementation of the domain separator was designed to be as efficient as possible while still properly updating
 * the chain id to protect against replay attacks on an eventual fork of the chain.
 *
 * NOTE: This contract implements the version of the encoding known as "v4", as implemented by the JSON RPC method
 * https://docs.metamask.io/guide/signing-data.html[`eth_signTypedDataV4` in MetaMask].
 *
 * NOTE: In the upgradeable version of this contract, the cached values will correspond to the address, and the domain
 * separator of the implementation contract. This will cause the {_domainSeparatorV4} function to always rebuild the
 * separator from the immutable values, which is cheaper than accessing a cached version in cold storage.
 *
 * @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow state-variable-immutable
 */
abstract contract EIP712 is IERC5267 {
    using ShortStrings for *;

    bytes32 private constant TYPE_HASH =
        keccak256("EIP712Domain(string name,string version,uint256 chainId,address verifyingContract)");

    // Cache the domain separator as an immutable value, but also store the chain id that it corresponds to, in order to
    // invalidate the cached domain separator if the chain id changes.
    bytes32 private immutable _cachedDomainSeparator;
    uint256 private immutable _cachedChainId;
    address private immutable _cachedThis;

    bytes32 private immutable _hashedName;
    bytes32 private immutable _hashedVersion;

    ShortString private immutable _name;
    ShortString private immutable _version;
    string private _nameFallback;
    string private _versionFallback;

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the domain separator and parameter caches.
     *
     * The meaning of `name` and `version` is specified in
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712#definition-of-domainseparator[EIP 712]:
     *
     * - `name`: the user readable name of the signing domain, i.e. the name of the DApp or the protocol.
     * - `version`: the current major version of the signing domain.
     *
     * NOTE: These parameters cannot be changed except through a xref:learn::upgrading-smart-contracts.adoc[smart
     * contract upgrade].
     */
    constructor(string memory name, string memory version) {
        _name = name.toShortStringWithFallback(_nameFallback);
        _version = version.toShortStringWithFallback(_versionFallback);
        _hashedName = keccak256(bytes(name));
        _hashedVersion = keccak256(bytes(version));

        _cachedChainId = block.chainid;
        _cachedDomainSeparator = _buildDomainSeparator();
        _cachedThis = address(this);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the domain separator for the current chain.
     */
    function _domainSeparatorV4() internal view returns (bytes32) {
        if (address(this) == _cachedThis && block.chainid == _cachedChainId) {
            return _cachedDomainSeparator;
        } else {
            return _buildDomainSeparator();
        }
    }

    function _buildDomainSeparator() private view returns (bytes32) {
        return keccak256(abi.encode(TYPE_HASH, _hashedName, _hashedVersion, block.chainid, address(this)));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Given an already https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712#definition-of-hashstruct[hashed struct], this
     * function returns the hash of the fully encoded EIP712 message for this domain.
     *
     * This hash can be used together with {ECDSA-recover} to obtain the signer of a message. For example:
     *
     * ```solidity
     * bytes32 digest = _hashTypedDataV4(keccak256(abi.encode(
     *     keccak256("Mail(address to,string contents)"),
     *     mailTo,
     *     keccak256(bytes(mailContents))
     * )));
     * address signer = ECDSA.recover(digest, signature);
     * ```
     */
    function _hashTypedDataV4(bytes32 structHash) internal view virtual returns (bytes32) {
        return MessageHashUtils.toTypedDataHash(_domainSeparatorV4(), structHash);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC-5267}.
     */
    function eip712Domain()
        public
        view
        virtual
        returns (
            bytes1 fields,
            string memory name,
            string memory version,
            uint256 chainId,
            address verifyingContract,
            bytes32 salt,
            uint256[] memory extensions
        )
    {
        return (
            hex"0f", // 01111
            _EIP712Name(),
            _EIP712Version(),
            block.chainid,
            address(this),
            bytes32(0),
            new uint256[](0)
        );
    }

    /**
     * @dev The name parameter for the EIP712 domain.
     *
     * NOTE: By default this function reads _name which is an immutable value.
     * It only reads from storage if necessary (in case the value is too large to fit in a ShortString).
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function _EIP712Name() internal view returns (string memory) {
        return _name.toStringWithFallback(_nameFallback);
    }

    /**
     * @dev The version parameter for the EIP712 domain.
     *
     * NOTE: By default this function reads _version which is an immutable value.
     * It only reads from storage if necessary (in case the value is too large to fit in a ShortString).
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function _EIP712Version() internal view returns (string memory) {
        return _version.toStringWithFallback(_versionFallback);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Strings} from "../Strings.sol";

/**
 * @dev Signature message hash utilities for producing digests to be consumed by {ECDSA} recovery or signing.
 *
 * The library provides methods for generating a hash of a message that conforms to the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-191[EIP 191] and https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712[EIP 712]
 * specifications.
 */
library MessageHashUtils {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the keccak256 digest of an EIP-191 signed data with version
     * `0x45` (`personal_sign` messages).
     *
     * The digest is calculated by prefixing a bytes32 `messageHash` with
     * `"\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n32"` and hashing the result. It corresponds with the
     * hash signed when using the https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_sign[`eth_sign`] JSON-RPC method.
     *
     * NOTE: The `messageHash` parameter is intended to be the result of hashing a raw message with
     * keccak256, although any bytes32 value can be safely used because the final digest will
     * be re-hashed.
     *
     * See {ECDSA-recover}.
     */
    function toEthSignedMessageHash(bytes32 messageHash) internal pure returns (bytes32 digest) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            mstore(0x00, "\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n32") // 32 is the bytes-length of messageHash
            mstore(0x1c, messageHash) // 0x1c (28) is the length of the prefix
            digest := keccak256(0x00, 0x3c) // 0x3c is the length of the prefix (0x1c) + messageHash (0x20)
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the keccak256 digest of an EIP-191 signed data with version
     * `0x45` (`personal_sign` messages).
     *
     * The digest is calculated by prefixing an arbitrary `message` with
     * `"\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n" + len(message)` and hashing the result. It corresponds with the
     * hash signed when using the https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_sign[`eth_sign`] JSON-RPC method.
     *
     * See {ECDSA-recover}.
     */
    function toEthSignedMessageHash(bytes memory message) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return
            keccak256(bytes.concat("\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n", bytes(Strings.toString(message.length)), message));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the keccak256 digest of an EIP-191 signed data with version
     * `0x00` (data with intended validator).
     *
     * The digest is calculated by prefixing an arbitrary `data` with `"\x19\x00"` and the intended
     * `validator` address. Then hashing the result.
     *
     * See {ECDSA-recover}.
     */
    function toDataWithIntendedValidatorHash(address validator, bytes memory data) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return keccak256(abi.encodePacked(hex"19_00", validator, data));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the keccak256 digest of an EIP-712 typed data (EIP-191 version `0x01`).
     *
     * The digest is calculated from a `domainSeparator` and a `structHash`, by prefixing them with
     * `\x19\x01` and hashing the result. It corresponds to the hash signed by the
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712[`eth_signTypedData`] JSON-RPC method as part of EIP-712.
     *
     * See {ECDSA-recover}.
     */
    function toTypedDataHash(bytes32 domainSeparator, bytes32 structHash) internal pure returns (bytes32 digest) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let ptr := mload(0x40)
            mstore(ptr, hex"19_01")
            mstore(add(ptr, 0x02), domainSeparator)
            mstore(add(ptr, 0x22), structHash)
            digest := keccak256(ptr, 0x42)
        }
    }
}


StringsInsufficientHexLength

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/Strings.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Math} from "./math/Math.sol";
import {SignedMath} from "./math/SignedMath.sol";

/**
 * @dev String operations.
 */
library Strings {
    bytes16 private constant HEX_DIGITS = "0123456789abcdef";
    uint8 private constant ADDRESS_LENGTH = 20;

    /**
     * @dev The `value` string doesn't fit in the specified `length`.
     */
    error StringsInsufficientHexLength(uint256 value, uint256 length);

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 length = Math.log10(value) + 1;
            string memory buffer = new string(length);
            uint256 ptr;
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                ptr := add(buffer, add(32, length))
            }
            while (true) {
                ptr--;
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    mstore8(ptr, byte(mod(value, 10), HEX_DIGITS))
                }
                value /= 10;
                if (value == 0) break;
            }
            return buffer;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `int256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toStringSigned(int256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return string.concat(value < 0 ? "-" : "", toString(SignedMath.abs(value)));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        unchecked {
            return toHexString(value, Math.log256(value) + 1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation with fixed length.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value, uint256 length) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        uint256 localValue = value;
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(2 * length + 2);
        buffer[0] = "0";
        buffer[1] = "x";
        for (uint256 i = 2 * length + 1; i > 1; --i) {
            buffer[i] = HEX_DIGITS[localValue & 0xf];
            localValue >>= 4;
        }
        if (localValue != 0) {
            revert StringsInsufficientHexLength(value, length);
        }
        return string(buffer);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts an `address` with fixed length of 20 bytes to its not checksummed ASCII `string` hexadecimal
     * representation.
     */
    function toHexString(address addr) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return toHexString(uint256(uint160(addr)), ADDRESS_LENGTH);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the two strings are equal.
     */
    function equal(string memory a, string memory b) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return bytes(a).length == bytes(b).length && keccak256(bytes(a)) == keccak256(bytes(b));
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/math/Math.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Standard math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
 */
library Math {
    /**
     * @dev Muldiv operation overflow.
     */
    error MathOverflowedMulDiv();

    enum Rounding {
        Floor, // Toward negative infinity
        Ceil, // Toward positive infinity
        Trunc, // Toward zero
        Expand // Away from zero
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the addition of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
     */
    function tryAdd(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 c = a + b;
            if (c < a) return (false, 0);
            return (true, c);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
     */
    function trySub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            if (b > a) return (false, 0);
            return (true, a - b);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the multiplication of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
     */
    function tryMul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            // Gas optimization: this is cheaper than requiring 'a' not being zero, but the
            // benefit is lost if 'b' is also tested.
            // See: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/522
            if (a == 0) return (true, 0);
            uint256 c = a * b;
            if (c / a != b) return (false, 0);
            return (true, c);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the division of two unsigned integers, with a division by zero flag.
     */
    function tryDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            if (b == 0) return (false, 0);
            return (true, a / b);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers, with a division by zero flag.
     */
    function tryMod(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            if (b == 0) return (false, 0);
            return (true, a % b);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the largest of two numbers.
     */
    function max(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a > b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest of two numbers.
     */
    function min(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a < b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the average of two numbers. The result is rounded towards
     * zero.
     */
    function average(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b) / 2 can overflow.
        return (a & b) + (a ^ b) / 2;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the ceiling of the division of two numbers.
     *
     * This differs from standard division with `/` in that it rounds towards infinity instead
     * of rounding towards zero.
     */
    function ceilDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (b == 0) {
            // Guarantee the same behavior as in a regular Solidity division.
            return a / b;
        }

        // (a + b - 1) / b can overflow on addition, so we distribute.
        return a == 0 ? 0 : (a - 1) / b + 1;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates floor(x * y / denominator) with full precision. Throws if result overflows a uint256 or
     * denominator == 0.
     * @dev Original credit to Remco Bloemen under MIT license (https://xn--2-umb.com/21/muldiv) with further edits by
     * Uniswap Labs also under MIT license.
     */
    function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {
        unchecked {
            // 512-bit multiply [prod1 prod0] = x * y. Compute the product mod 2^256 and mod 2^256 - 1, then use
            // use the Chinese Remainder Theorem to reconstruct the 512 bit result. The result is stored in two 256
            // variables such that product = prod1 * 2^256 + prod0.
            uint256 prod0 = x * y; // Least significant 256 bits of the product
            uint256 prod1; // Most significant 256 bits of the product
            assembly {
                let mm := mulmod(x, y, not(0))
                prod1 := sub(sub(mm, prod0), lt(mm, prod0))
            }

            // Handle non-overflow cases, 256 by 256 division.
            if (prod1 == 0) {
                // Solidity will revert if denominator == 0, unlike the div opcode on its own.
                // The surrounding unchecked block does not change this fact.
                // See https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/latest/control-structures.html#checked-or-unchecked-arithmetic.
                return prod0 / denominator;
            }

            // Make sure the result is less than 2^256. Also prevents denominator == 0.
            if (denominator <= prod1) {
                revert MathOverflowedMulDiv();
            }

            ///////////////////////////////////////////////
            // 512 by 256 division.
            ///////////////////////////////////////////////

            // Make division exact by subtracting the remainder from [prod1 prod0].
            uint256 remainder;
            assembly {
                // Compute remainder using mulmod.
                remainder := mulmod(x, y, denominator)

                // Subtract 256 bit number from 512 bit number.
                prod1 := sub(prod1, gt(remainder, prod0))
                prod0 := sub(prod0, remainder)
            }

            // Factor powers of two out of denominator and compute largest power of two divisor of denominator.
            // Always >= 1. See https://cs.stackexchange.com/q/138556/92363.

            uint256 twos = denominator & (0 - denominator);
            assembly {
                // Divide denominator by twos.
                denominator := div(denominator, twos)

                // Divide [prod1 prod0] by twos.
                prod0 := div(prod0, twos)

                // Flip twos such that it is 2^256 / twos. If twos is zero, then it becomes one.
                twos := add(div(sub(0, twos), twos), 1)
            }

            // Shift in bits from prod1 into prod0.
            prod0 |= prod1 * twos;

            // Invert denominator mod 2^256. Now that denominator is an odd number, it has an inverse modulo 2^256 such
            // that denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^256. Compute the inverse by starting with a seed that is correct for
            // four bits. That is, denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^4.
            uint256 inverse = (3 * denominator) ^ 2;

            // Use the Newton-Raphson iteration to improve the precision. Thanks to Hensel's lifting lemma, this also
            // works in modular arithmetic, doubling the correct bits in each step.
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^8
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^16
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^32
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^64
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^128
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^256

            // Because the division is now exact we can divide by multiplying with the modular inverse of denominator.
            // This will give us the correct result modulo 2^256. Since the preconditions guarantee that the outcome is
            // less than 2^256, this is the final result. We don't need to compute the high bits of the result and prod1
            // is no longer required.
            result = prod0 * inverse;
            return result;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates x * y / denominator with full precision, following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = mulDiv(x, y, denominator);
        if (unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && mulmod(x, y, denominator) > 0) {
            result += 1;
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the square root of a number. If the number is not a perfect square, the value is rounded
     * towards zero.
     *
     * Inspired by Henry S. Warren, Jr.'s "Hacker's Delight" (Chapter 11).
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (a == 0) {
            return 0;
        }

        // For our first guess, we get the biggest power of 2 which is smaller than the square root of the target.
        //
        // We know that the "msb" (most significant bit) of our target number `a` is a power of 2 such that we have
        // `msb(a) <= a < 2*msb(a)`. This value can be written `msb(a)=2**k` with `k=log2(a)`.
        //
        // This can be rewritten `2**log2(a) <= a < 2**(log2(a) + 1)`
        // → `sqrt(2**k) <= sqrt(a) < sqrt(2**(k+1))`
        // → `2**(k/2) <= sqrt(a) < 2**((k+1)/2) <= 2**(k/2 + 1)`
        //
        // Consequently, `2**(log2(a) / 2)` is a good first approximation of `sqrt(a)` with at least 1 correct bit.
        uint256 result = 1 << (log2(a) >> 1);

        // At this point `result` is an estimation with one bit of precision. We know the true value is a uint128,
        // since it is the square root of a uint256. Newton's method converges quadratically (precision doubles at
        // every iteration). We thus need at most 7 iteration to turn our partial result with one bit of precision
        // into the expected uint128 result.
        unchecked {
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            return min(result, a / result);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates sqrt(a), following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = sqrt(a);
            return result + (unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && result * result < a ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2 of a positive value rounded towards zero.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 128;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                value >>= 8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 4 > 0) {
                value >>= 4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 2 > 0) {
                value >>= 2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 1 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log2(value);
            return result + (unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && 1 << result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10 of a positive value rounded towards zero.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >= 10 ** 64) {
                value /= 10 ** 64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 32) {
                value /= 10 ** 32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 16) {
                value /= 10 ** 16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 8) {
                value /= 10 ** 8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 4) {
                value /= 10 ** 4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 2) {
                value /= 10 ** 2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 1) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log10(value);
            return result + (unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && 10 ** result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 256 of a positive value rounded towards zero.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     *
     * Adding one to the result gives the number of pairs of hex symbols needed to represent `value` as a hex string.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 256, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log256(value);
            return result + (unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && 1 << (result << 3) < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether a provided rounding mode is considered rounding up for unsigned integers.
     */
    function unsignedRoundsUp(Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return uint8(rounding) % 2 == 1;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (utils/math/SignedMath.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Standard signed math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
 */
library SignedMath {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the largest of two signed numbers.
     */
    function max(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        return a > b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest of two signed numbers.
     */
    function min(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        return a < b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the average of two signed numbers without overflow.
     * The result is rounded towards zero.
     */
    function average(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        // Formula from the book "Hacker's Delight"
        int256 x = (a & b) + ((a ^ b) >> 1);
        return x + (int256(uint256(x) >> 255) & (a ^ b));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the absolute unsigned value of a signed value.
     */
    function abs(int256 n) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            // must be unchecked in order to support `n = type(int256).min`
            return uint256(n >= 0 ? n : -n);
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/ShortStrings.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {StorageSlot} from "./StorageSlot.sol";

// | string  | 0xAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA   |
// | length  | 0x                                                              BB |
type ShortString is bytes32;

/**
 * @dev This library provides functions to convert short memory strings
 * into a `ShortString` type that can be used as an immutable variable.
 *
 * Strings of arbitrary length can be optimized using this library if
 * they are short enough (up to 31 bytes) by packing them with their
 * length (1 byte) in a single EVM word (32 bytes). Additionally, a
 * fallback mechanism can be used for every other case.
 *
 * Usage example:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * contract Named {
 *     using ShortStrings for *;
 *
 *     ShortString private immutable _name;
 *     string private _nameFallback;
 *
 *     constructor(string memory contractName) {
 *         _name = contractName.toShortStringWithFallback(_nameFallback);
 *     }
 *
 *     function name() external view returns (string memory) {
 *         return _name.toStringWithFallback(_nameFallback);
 *     }
 * }
 * ```
 */
library ShortStrings {
    // Used as an identifier for strings longer than 31 bytes.
    bytes32 private constant FALLBACK_SENTINEL = 0x00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000FF;

    error StringTooLong(string str);
    error InvalidShortString();

    /**
     * @dev Encode a string of at most 31 chars into a `ShortString`.
     *
     * This will trigger a `StringTooLong` error is the input string is too long.
     */
    function toShortString(string memory str) internal pure returns (ShortString) {
        bytes memory bstr = bytes(str);
        if (bstr.length > 31) {
            revert StringTooLong(str);
        }
        return ShortString.wrap(bytes32(uint256(bytes32(bstr)) | bstr.length));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Decode a `ShortString` back to a "normal" string.
     */
    function toString(ShortString sstr) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        uint256 len = byteLength(sstr);
        // using `new string(len)` would work locally but is not memory safe.
        string memory str = new string(32);
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            mstore(str, len)
            mstore(add(str, 0x20), sstr)
        }
        return str;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the length of a `ShortString`.
     */
    function byteLength(ShortString sstr) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = uint256(ShortString.unwrap(sstr)) & 0xFF;
        if (result > 31) {
            revert InvalidShortString();
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Encode a string into a `ShortString`, or write it to storage if it is too long.
     */
    function toShortStringWithFallback(string memory value, string storage store) internal returns (ShortString) {
        if (bytes(value).length < 32) {
            return toShortString(value);
        } else {
            StorageSlot.getStringSlot(store).value = value;
            return ShortString.wrap(FALLBACK_SENTINEL);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Decode a string that was encoded to `ShortString` or written to storage using {setWithFallback}.
     */
    function toStringWithFallback(ShortString value, string storage store) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        if (ShortString.unwrap(value) != FALLBACK_SENTINEL) {
            return toString(value);
        } else {
            return store;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the length of a string that was encoded to `ShortString` or written to storage using
     * {setWithFallback}.
     *
     * WARNING: This will return the "byte length" of the string. This may not reflect the actual length in terms of
     * actual characters as the UTF-8 encoding of a single character can span over multiple bytes.
     */
    function byteLengthWithFallback(ShortString value, string storage store) internal view returns (uint256) {
        if (ShortString.unwrap(value) != FALLBACK_SENTINEL) {
            return byteLength(value);
        } else {
            return bytes(store).length;
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/StorageSlot.sol)
// This file was procedurally generated from scripts/generate/templates/StorageSlot.js.

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Library for reading and writing primitive types to specific storage slots.
 *
 * Storage slots are often used to avoid storage conflict when dealing with upgradeable contracts.
 * This library helps with reading and writing to such slots without the need for inline assembly.
 *
 * The functions in this library return Slot structs that contain a `value` member that can be used to read or write.
 *
 * Example usage to set ERC1967 implementation slot:
 * ```solidity
 * contract ERC1967 {
 *     bytes32 internal constant _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT = 0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc;
 *
 *     function _getImplementation() internal view returns (address) {
 *         return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value;
 *     }
 *
 *     function _setImplementation(address newImplementation) internal {
 *         require(newImplementation.code.length > 0);
 *         StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value = newImplementation;
 *     }
 * }
 * ```
 */
library StorageSlot {
    struct AddressSlot {
        address value;
    }

    struct BooleanSlot {
        bool value;
    }

    struct Bytes32Slot {
        bytes32 value;
    }

    struct Uint256Slot {
        uint256 value;
    }

    struct StringSlot {
        string value;
    }

    struct BytesSlot {
        bytes value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `AddressSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getAddressSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (AddressSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `BooleanSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getBooleanSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (BooleanSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `Bytes32Slot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getBytes32Slot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (Bytes32Slot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `Uint256Slot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getUint256Slot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (Uint256Slot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `StringSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getStringSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (StringSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `StringSlot` representation of the string storage pointer `store`.
     */
    function getStringSlot(string storage store) internal pure returns (StringSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := store.slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `BytesSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getBytesSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (BytesSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `BytesSlot` representation of the bytes storage pointer `store`.
     */
    function getBytesSlot(bytes storage store) internal pure returns (BytesSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := store.slot
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC5267.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

interface IERC5267 {
    /**
     * @dev MAY be emitted to signal that the domain could have changed.
     */
    event EIP712DomainChanged();

    /**
     * @dev returns the fields and values that describe the domain separator used by this contract for EIP-712
     * signature.
     */
    function eip712Domain()
        external
        view
        returns (
            bytes1 fields,
            string memory name,
            string memory version,
            uint256 chainId,
            address verifyingContract,
            bytes32 salt,
            uint256[] memory extensions
        );
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Provides tracking nonces for addresses. Nonces will only increment.
 */
abstract contract Nonces {
    /**
     * @dev The nonce used for an `account` is not the expected current nonce.
     */
    error InvalidAccountNonce(address account, uint256 currentNonce);

    mapping(address account => uint256) private _nonces;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the next unused nonce for an address.
     */
    function nonces(address owner) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _nonces[owner];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Consumes a nonce.
     *
     * Returns the current value and increments nonce.
     */
    function _useNonce(address owner) internal virtual returns (uint256) {
        // For each account, the nonce has an initial value of 0, can only be incremented by one, and cannot be
        // decremented or reset. This guarantees that the nonce never overflows.
        unchecked {
            // It is important to do x++ and not ++x here.
            return _nonces[owner]++;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {_useNonce} but checking that `nonce` is the next valid for `owner`.
     */
    function _useCheckedNonce(address owner, uint256 nonce) internal virtual {
        uint256 current = _useNonce(owner);
        if (nonce != current) {
            revert InvalidAccountNonce(owner, current);
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Votes.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ERC20} from "../ERC20.sol";
import {Votes} from "../../../governance/utils/Votes.sol";
import {Checkpoints} from "../../../utils/structs/Checkpoints.sol";

/**
 * @dev Extension of ERC20 to support Compound-like voting and delegation. This version is more generic than Compound's,
 * and supports token supply up to 2^208^ - 1, while COMP is limited to 2^96^ - 1.
 *
 * NOTE: This contract does not provide interface compatibility with Compound's COMP token.
 *
 * This extension keeps a history (checkpoints) of each account's vote power. Vote power can be delegated either
 * by calling the {delegate} function directly, or by providing a signature to be used with {delegateBySig}. Voting
 * power can be queried through the public accessors {getVotes} and {getPastVotes}.
 *
 * By default, token balance does not account for voting power. This makes transfers cheaper. The downside is that it
 * requires users to delegate to themselves in order to activate checkpoints and have their voting power tracked.
 */
abstract contract ERC20Votes is ERC20, Votes {
    /**
     * @dev Total supply cap has been exceeded, introducing a risk of votes overflowing.
     */
    error ERC20ExceededSafeSupply(uint256 increasedSupply, uint256 cap);

    /**
     * @dev Maximum token supply. Defaults to `type(uint208).max` (2^208^ - 1).
     *
     * This maximum is enforced in {_update}. It limits the total supply of the token, which is otherwise a uint256,
     * so that checkpoints can be stored in the Trace208 structure used by {{Votes}}. Increasing this value will not
     * remove the underlying limitation, and will cause {_update} to fail because of a math overflow in
     * {_transferVotingUnits}. An override could be used to further restrict the total supply (to a lower value) if
     * additional logic requires it. When resolving override conflicts on this function, the minimum should be
     * returned.
     */
    function _maxSupply() internal view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return type(uint208).max;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Move voting power when tokens are transferred.
     *
     * Emits a {IVotes-DelegateVotesChanged} event.
     */
    function _update(address from, address to, uint256 value) internal virtual override {
        super._update(from, to, value);
        if (from == address(0)) {
            uint256 supply = totalSupply();
            uint256 cap = _maxSupply();
            if (supply > cap) {
                revert ERC20ExceededSafeSupply(supply, cap);
            }
        }
        _transferVotingUnits(from, to, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the voting units of an `account`.
     *
     * WARNING: Overriding this function may compromise the internal vote accounting.
     * `ERC20Votes` assumes tokens map to voting units 1:1 and this is not easy to change.
     */
    function _getVotingUnits(address account) internal view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        return balanceOf(account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Get number of checkpoints for `account`.
     */
    function numCheckpoints(address account) public view virtual returns (uint32) {
        return _numCheckpoints(account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Get the `pos`-th checkpoint for `account`.
     */
    function checkpoints(address account, uint32 pos) public view virtual returns (Checkpoints.Checkpoint208 memory) {
        return _checkpoints(account, pos);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (governance/utils/Votes.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC5805} from "../../interfaces/IERC5805.sol";
import {Context} from "../../utils/Context.sol";
import {Nonces} from "../../utils/Nonces.sol";
import {EIP712} from "../../utils/cryptography/EIP712.sol";
import {Checkpoints} from "../../utils/structs/Checkpoints.sol";
import {SafeCast} from "../../utils/math/SafeCast.sol";
import {ECDSA} from "../../utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol";
import {Time} from "../../utils/types/Time.sol";

/**
 * @dev This is a base abstract contract that tracks voting units, which are a measure of voting power that can be
 * transferred, and provides a system of vote delegation, where an account can delegate its voting units to a sort of
 * "representative" that will pool delegated voting units from different accounts and can then use it to vote in
 * decisions. In fact, voting units _must_ be delegated in order to count as actual votes, and an account has to
 * delegate those votes to itself if it wishes to participate in decisions and does not have a trusted representative.
 *
 * This contract is often combined with a token contract such that voting units correspond to token units. For an
 * example, see {ERC721Votes}.
 *
 * The full history of delegate votes is tracked on-chain so that governance protocols can consider votes as distributed
 * at a particular block number to protect against flash loans and double voting. The opt-in delegate system makes the
 * cost of this history tracking optional.
 *
 * When using this module the derived contract must implement {_getVotingUnits} (for example, make it return
 * {ERC721-balanceOf}), and can use {_transferVotingUnits} to track a change in the distribution of those units (in the
 * previous example, it would be included in {ERC721-_beforeTokenTransfer}).
 */
abstract contract Votes is Context, EIP712, Nonces, IERC5805 {
    using Checkpoints for Checkpoints.Trace208;

    bytes32 private constant DELEGATION_TYPEHASH =
        keccak256("Delegation(address delegatee,uint256 nonce,uint256 expiry)");

    mapping(address account => address) private _delegatee;

    mapping(address delegatee => Checkpoints.Trace208) private _delegateCheckpoints;

    Checkpoints.Trace208 private _totalCheckpoints;

    /**
     * @dev The clock was incorrectly modified.
     */
    error ERC6372InconsistentClock();

    /**
     * @dev Lookup to future votes is not available.
     */
    error ERC5805FutureLookup(uint256 timepoint, uint48 clock);

    /**
     * @dev Clock used for flagging checkpoints. Can be overridden to implement timestamp based
     * checkpoints (and voting), in which case {CLOCK_MODE} should be overridden as well to match.
     */
    function clock() public view virtual returns (uint48) {
        return Time.blockNumber();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Machine-readable description of the clock as specified in EIP-6372.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function CLOCK_MODE() public view virtual returns (string memory) {
        // Check that the clock was not modified
        if (clock() != Time.blockNumber()) {
            revert ERC6372InconsistentClock();
        }
        return "mode=blocknumber&from=default";
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current amount of votes that `account` has.
     */
    function getVotes(address account) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _delegateCheckpoints[account].latest();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of votes that `account` had at a specific moment in the past. If the `clock()` is
     * configured to use block numbers, this will return the value at the end of the corresponding block.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `timepoint` must be in the past. If operating using block numbers, the block must be already mined.
     */
    function getPastVotes(address account, uint256 timepoint) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        uint48 currentTimepoint = clock();
        if (timepoint >= currentTimepoint) {
            revert ERC5805FutureLookup(timepoint, currentTimepoint);
        }
        return _delegateCheckpoints[account].upperLookupRecent(SafeCast.toUint48(timepoint));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the total supply of votes available at a specific moment in the past. If the `clock()` is
     * configured to use block numbers, this will return the value at the end of the corresponding block.
     *
     * NOTE: This value is the sum of all available votes, which is not necessarily the sum of all delegated votes.
     * Votes that have not been delegated are still part of total supply, even though they would not participate in a
     * vote.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `timepoint` must be in the past. If operating using block numbers, the block must be already mined.
     */
    function getPastTotalSupply(uint256 timepoint) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        uint48 currentTimepoint = clock();
        if (timepoint >= currentTimepoint) {
            revert ERC5805FutureLookup(timepoint, currentTimepoint);
        }
        return _totalCheckpoints.upperLookupRecent(SafeCast.toUint48(timepoint));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current total supply of votes.
     */
    function _getTotalSupply() internal view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _totalCheckpoints.latest();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the delegate that `account` has chosen.
     */
    function delegates(address account) public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _delegatee[account];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Delegates votes from the sender to `delegatee`.
     */
    function delegate(address delegatee) public virtual {
        address account = _msgSender();
        _delegate(account, delegatee);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Delegates votes from signer to `delegatee`.
     */
    function delegateBySig(
        address delegatee,
        uint256 nonce,
        uint256 expiry,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) public virtual {
        if (block.timestamp > expiry) {
            revert VotesExpiredSignature(expiry);
        }
        address signer = ECDSA.recover(
            _hashTypedDataV4(keccak256(abi.encode(DELEGATION_TYPEHASH, delegatee, nonce, expiry))),
            v,
            r,
            s
        );
        _useCheckedNonce(signer, nonce);
        _delegate(signer, delegatee);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Delegate all of `account`'s voting units to `delegatee`.
     *
     * Emits events {IVotes-DelegateChanged} and {IVotes-DelegateVotesChanged}.
     */
    function _delegate(address account, address delegatee) internal virtual {
        address oldDelegate = delegates(account);
        _delegatee[account] = delegatee;

        emit DelegateChanged(account, oldDelegate, delegatee);
        _moveDelegateVotes(oldDelegate, delegatee, _getVotingUnits(account));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers, mints, or burns voting units. To register a mint, `from` should be zero. To register a burn, `to`
     * should be zero. Total supply of voting units will be adjusted with mints and burns.
     */
    function _transferVotingUnits(address from, address to, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
        if (from == address(0)) {
            _push(_totalCheckpoints, _add, SafeCast.toUint208(amount));
        }
        if (to == address(0)) {
            _push(_totalCheckpoints, _subtract, SafeCast.toUint208(amount));
        }
        _moveDelegateVotes(delegates(from), delegates(to), amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Moves delegated votes from one delegate to another.
     */
    function _moveDelegateVotes(address from, address to, uint256 amount) private {
        if (from != to && amount > 0) {
            if (from != address(0)) {
                (uint256 oldValue, uint256 newValue) = _push(
                    _delegateCheckpoints[from],
                    _subtract,
                    SafeCast.toUint208(amount)
                );
                emit DelegateVotesChanged(from, oldValue, newValue);
            }
            if (to != address(0)) {
                (uint256 oldValue, uint256 newValue) = _push(
                    _delegateCheckpoints[to],
                    _add,
                    SafeCast.toUint208(amount)
                );
                emit DelegateVotesChanged(to, oldValue, newValue);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Get number of checkpoints for `account`.
     */
    function _numCheckpoints(address account) internal view virtual returns (uint32) {
        return SafeCast.toUint32(_delegateCheckpoints[account].length());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Get the `pos`-th checkpoint for `account`.
     */
    function _checkpoints(
        address account,
        uint32 pos
    ) internal view virtual returns (Checkpoints.Checkpoint208 memory) {
        return _delegateCheckpoints[account].at(pos);
    }

    function _push(
        Checkpoints.Trace208 storage store,
        function(uint208, uint208) view returns (uint208) op,
        uint208 delta
    ) private returns (uint208, uint208) {
        return store.push(clock(), op(store.latest(), delta));
    }

    function _add(uint208 a, uint208 b) private pure returns (uint208) {
        return a + b;
    }

    function _subtract(uint208 a, uint208 b) private pure returns (uint208) {
        return a - b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Must return the voting units held by an account.
     */
    function _getVotingUnits(address) internal view virtual returns (uint256);
}


This smart contract allows users to delegate their voting rights to other addresses, track voting history, and retrieve the current and past vote counts for an account. It also supports transferring, minting, and burning voting units.

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC5805.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IVotes} from "../governance/utils/IVotes.sol";
import {IERC6372} from "./IERC6372.sol";

interface IERC5805 is IERC6372, IVotes {}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (governance/utils/IVotes.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Common interface for {ERC20Votes}, {ERC721Votes}, and other {Votes}-enabled contracts.
 */
interface IVotes {
    /**
     * @dev The signature used has expired.
     */
    error VotesExpiredSignature(uint256 expiry);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when an account changes their delegate.
     */
    event DelegateChanged(address indexed delegator, address indexed fromDelegate, address indexed toDelegate);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when a token transfer or delegate change results in changes to a delegate's number of voting units.
     */
    event DelegateVotesChanged(address indexed delegate, uint256 previousVotes, uint256 newVotes);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current amount of votes that `account` has.
     */
    function getVotes(address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of votes that `account` had at a specific moment in the past. If the `clock()` is
     * configured to use block numbers, this will return the value at the end of the corresponding block.
     */
    function getPastVotes(address account, uint256 timepoint) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the total supply of votes available at a specific moment in the past. If the `clock()` is
     * configured to use block numbers, this will return the value at the end of the corresponding block.
     *
     * NOTE: This value is the sum of all available votes, which is not necessarily the sum of all delegated votes.
     * Votes that have not been delegated are still part of total supply, even though they would not participate in a
     * vote.
     */
    function getPastTotalSupply(uint256 timepoint) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the delegate that `account` has chosen.
     */
    function delegates(address account) external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @dev Delegates votes from the sender to `delegatee`.
     */
    function delegate(address delegatee) external;

    /**
     * @dev Delegates votes from signer to `delegatee`.
     */
    function delegateBySig(address delegatee, uint256 nonce, uint256 expiry, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s) external;
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC6372.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

interface IERC6372 {
    /**
     * @dev Clock used for flagging checkpoints. Can be overridden to implement timestamp based checkpoints (and voting).
     */
    function clock() external view returns (uint48);

    /**
     * @dev Description of the clock
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function CLOCK_MODE() external view returns (string memory);
}


SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast

SafeCastOverflowedIntToUint

SafeCastOverflowedUintToInt

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Math} from "../math/Math.sol";
import {SafeCast} from "../math/SafeCast.sol";

/**
 * @dev This library provides helpers for manipulating time-related objects.
 *
 * It uses the following types:
 * - `uint48` for timepoints
 * - `uint32` for durations
 *
 * While the library doesn't provide specific types for timepoints and duration, it does provide:
 * - a `Delay` type to represent duration that can be programmed to change value automatically at a given point
 * - additional helper functions
 */
library Time {
    using Time for *;

    /**
     * @dev Get the block timestamp as a Timepoint.
     */
    function timestamp() internal view returns (uint48) {
        return SafeCast.toUint48(block.timestamp);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Get the block number as a Timepoint.
     */
    function blockNumber() internal view returns (uint48) {
        return SafeCast.toUint48(block.number);
    }

    // ==================================================== Delay =====================================================
    /**
     * @dev A `Delay` is a uint32 duration that can be programmed to change value automatically at a given point in the
     * future. The "effect" timepoint describes when the transitions happens from the "old" value to the "new" value.
     * This allows updating the delay applied to some operation while keeping some guarantees.
     *
     * In particular, the {update} function guarantees that if the delay is reduced, the old delay still applies for
     * some time. For example if the delay is currently 7 days to do an upgrade, the admin should not be able to set
     * the delay to 0 and upgrade immediately. If the admin wants to reduce the delay, the old delay (7 days) should
     * still apply for some time.
     *
     *
     * The `Delay` type is 112 bits long, and packs the following:
     *
     * ```
     *   | [uint48]: effect date (timepoint)
     *   |           | [uint32]: value before (duration)
     *   ↓           ↓       ↓ [uint32]: value after (duration)
     * 0xAAAAAAAAAAAABBBBBBBBCCCCCCCC
     * ```
     *
     * NOTE: The {get} and {withUpdate} functions operate using timestamps. Block number based delays are not currently
     * supported.
     */
    type Delay is uint112;

    /**
     * @dev Wrap a duration into a Delay to add the one-step "update in the future" feature
     */
    function toDelay(uint32 duration) internal pure returns (Delay) {
        return Delay.wrap(duration);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Get the value at a given timepoint plus the pending value and effect timepoint if there is a scheduled
     * change after this timepoint. If the effect timepoint is 0, then the pending value should not be considered.
     */
    function _getFullAt(Delay self, uint48 timepoint) private pure returns (uint32, uint32, uint48) {
        (uint32 valueBefore, uint32 valueAfter, uint48 effect) = self.unpack();
        return effect <= timepoint ? (valueAfter, 0, 0) : (valueBefore, valueAfter, effect);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Get the current value plus the pending value and effect timepoint if there is a scheduled change. If the
     * effect timepoint is 0, then the pending value should not be considered.
     */
    function getFull(Delay self) internal view returns (uint32, uint32, uint48) {
        return _getFullAt(self, timestamp());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Get the current value.
     */
    function get(Delay self) internal view returns (uint32) {
        (uint32 delay, , ) = self.getFull();
        return delay;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Update a Delay object so that it takes a new duration after a timepoint that is automatically computed to
     * enforce the old delay at the moment of the update. Returns the updated Delay object and the timestamp when the
     * new delay becomes effective.
     */
    function withUpdate(Delay self, uint32 newValue, uint32 minSetback) internal view returns (Delay, uint48) {
        uint32 value = self.get();
        uint32 setback = uint32(Math.max(minSetback, value > newValue ? value - newValue : 0));
        uint48 effect = timestamp() + setback;
        return (pack(value, newValue, effect), effect);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Split a delay into its components: valueBefore, valueAfter and effect (transition timepoint).
     */
    function unpack(Delay self) internal pure returns (uint32, uint32, uint48) {
        uint112 raw = Delay.unwrap(self);

        uint32 valueAfter = uint32(raw);
        uint32 valueBefore = uint32(raw >> 32);
        uint48 effect = uint48(raw >> 64);

        return (valueBefore, valueAfter, effect);
    }

    /**
     * @dev pack the components into a Delay object.
     */
    function pack(uint32 valueBefore, uint32 valueAfter, uint48 effect) internal pure returns (Delay) {
        return Delay.wrap((uint112(effect) << 64) | (uint112(valueBefore) << 32) | uint112(valueAfter));
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Wrapper.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20, IERC20Metadata, ERC20} from "../ERC20.sol";
import {SafeERC20} from "../utils/SafeERC20.sol";

/**
 * @dev Extension of the ERC20 token contract to support token wrapping.
 *
 * Users can deposit and withdraw "underlying tokens" and receive a matching number of "wrapped tokens". This is useful
 * in conjunction with other modules. For example, combining this wrapping mechanism with {ERC20Votes} will allow the
 * wrapping of an existing "basic" ERC20 into a governance token.
 */
abstract contract ERC20Wrapper is ERC20 {
    IERC20 private immutable _underlying;

    /**
     * @dev The underlying token couldn't be wrapped.
     */
    error ERC20InvalidUnderlying(address token);

    constructor(IERC20 underlyingToken) {
        if (underlyingToken == this) {
            revert ERC20InvalidUnderlying(address(this));
        }
        _underlying = underlyingToken;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {ERC20-decimals}.
     */
    function decimals() public view virtual override returns (uint8) {
        try IERC20Metadata(address(_underlying)).decimals() returns (uint8 value) {
            return value;
        } catch {
            return super.decimals();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the underlying ERC-20 token that is being wrapped.
     */
    function underlying() public view returns (IERC20) {
        return _underlying;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Allow a user to deposit underlying tokens and mint the corresponding number of wrapped tokens.
     */
    function depositFor(address account, uint256 value) public virtual returns (bool) {
        address sender = _msgSender();
        if (sender == address(this)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidSender(address(this));
        }
        if (account == address(this)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidReceiver(account);
        }
        SafeERC20.safeTransferFrom(_underlying, sender, address(this), value);
        _mint(account, value);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Allow a user to burn a number of wrapped tokens and withdraw the corresponding number of underlying tokens.
     */
    function withdrawTo(address account, uint256 value) public virtual returns (bool) {
        if (account == address(this)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidReceiver(account);
        }
        _burn(_msgSender(), value);
        SafeERC20.safeTransfer(_underlying, account, value);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Mint wrapped token to cover any underlyingTokens that would have been transferred by mistake. Internal
     * function that can be exposed with access control if desired.
     */
    function _recover(address account) internal virtual returns (uint256) {
        uint256 value = _underlying.balanceOf(address(this)) - totalSupply();
        _mint(account, value);
        return value;
    }
}


SafeERC20FailedDecreaseAllowance

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20} from "../IERC20.sol";
import {IERC20Permit} from "../extensions/IERC20Permit.sol";
import {Address} from "../../../utils/Address.sol";

/**
 * @title SafeERC20
 * @dev Wrappers around ERC20 operations that throw on failure (when the token
 * contract returns false). Tokens that return no value (and instead revert or
 * throw on failure) are also supported, non-reverting calls are assumed to be
 * successful.
 * To use this library you can add a `using SafeERC20 for IERC20;` statement to your contract,
 * which allows you to call the safe operations as `token.safeTransfer(...)`, etc.
 */
library SafeERC20 {
    using Address for address;

    /**
     * @dev An operation with an ERC20 token failed.
     */
    error SafeERC20FailedOperation(address token);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failed `decreaseAllowance` request.
     */
    error SafeERC20FailedDecreaseAllowance(address spender, uint256 currentAllowance, uint256 requestedDecrease);

    /**
     * @dev Transfer `value` amount of `token` from the calling contract to `to`. If `token` returns no value,
     * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
     */
    function safeTransfer(IERC20 token, address to, uint256 value) internal {
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeCall(token.transfer, (to, value)));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfer `value` amount of `token` from `from` to `to`, spending the approval given by `from` to the
     * calling contract. If `token` returns no value, non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(IERC20 token, address from, address to, uint256 value) internal {
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeCall(token.transferFrom, (from, to, value)));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Increase the calling contract's allowance toward `spender` by `value`. If `token` returns no value,
     * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
     */
    function safeIncreaseAllowance(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
        uint256 oldAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender);
        forceApprove(token, spender, oldAllowance + value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Decrease the calling contract's allowance toward `spender` by `requestedDecrease`. If `token` returns no
     * value, non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
     */
    function safeDecreaseAllowance(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 requestedDecrease) internal {
        unchecked {
            uint256 currentAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender);
            if (currentAllowance < requestedDecrease) {
                revert SafeERC20FailedDecreaseAllowance(spender, currentAllowance, requestedDecrease);
            }
            forceApprove(token, spender, currentAllowance - requestedDecrease);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Set the calling contract's allowance toward `spender` to `value`. If `token` returns no value,
     * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful. Meant to be used with tokens that require the approval
     * to be set to zero before setting it to a non-zero value, such as USDT.
     */
    function forceApprove(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
        bytes memory approvalCall = abi.encodeCall(token.approve, (spender, value));

        if (!_callOptionalReturnBool(token, approvalCall)) {
            _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeCall(token.approve, (spender, 0)));
            _callOptionalReturn(token, approvalCall);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Imitates a Solidity high-level call (i.e. a regular function call to a contract), relaxing the requirement
     * on the return value: the return value is optional (but if data is returned, it must not be false).
     * @param token The token targeted by the call.
     * @param data The call data (encoded using abi.encode or one of its variants).
     */
    function _callOptionalReturn(IERC20 token, bytes memory data) private {
        // We need to perform a low level call here, to bypass Solidity's return data size checking mechanism, since
        // we're implementing it ourselves. We use {Address-functionCall} to perform this call, which verifies that
        // the target address contains contract code and also asserts for success in the low-level call.

        bytes memory returndata = address(token).functionCall(data);
        if (returndata.length != 0 && !abi.decode(returndata, (bool))) {
            revert SafeERC20FailedOperation(address(token));
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Imitates a Solidity high-level call (i.e. a regular function call to a contract), relaxing the requirement
     * on the return value: the return value is optional (but if data is returned, it must not be false).
     * @param token The token targeted by the call.
     * @param data The call data (encoded using abi.encode or one of its variants).
     *
     * This is a variant of {_callOptionalReturn} that silents catches all reverts and returns a bool instead.
     */
    function _callOptionalReturnBool(IERC20 token, bytes memory data) private returns (bool) {
        // We need to perform a low level call here, to bypass Solidity's return data size checking mechanism, since
        // we're implementing it ourselves. We cannot use {Address-functionCall} here since this should return false
        // and not revert is the subcall reverts.

        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = address(token).call(data);
        return success && (returndata.length == 0 || abi.decode(returndata, (bool))) && address(token).code.length > 0;
    }
}


SafeERC20

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/Address.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library Address {
    /**
     * @dev The ETH balance of the account is not enough to perform the operation.
     */
    error AddressInsufficientBalance(address account);

    /**
     * @dev There's no code at `target` (it is not a contract).
     */
    error AddressEmptyCode(address target);

    /**
     * @dev A call to an address target failed. The target may have reverted.
     */
    error FailedInnerCall();

    /**
     * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
     * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
     *
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
     * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
     * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
     * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
     *
     * https://consensys.net/diligence/blog/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
     *
     * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
     * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
     * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
     * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.8.20/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
     */
    function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
        if (address(this).balance < amount) {
            revert AddressInsufficientBalance(address(this));
        }

        (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
        if (!success) {
            revert FailedInnerCall();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
     * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
     * function instead.
     *
     * If `target` reverts with a revert reason or custom error, it is bubbled
     * up by this function (like regular Solidity function calls). However, if
     * the call reverted with no returned reason, this function reverts with a
     * {FailedInnerCall} error.
     *
     * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
     * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `target` must be a contract.
     * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
     */
    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
     * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(address target, bytes memory data, uint256 value) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        if (address(this).balance < value) {
            revert AddressInsufficientBalance(address(this));
        }
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     */
    function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call to smart-contract was successful, and reverts if the target
     * was not a contract or bubbling up the revert reason (falling back to {FailedInnerCall}) in case of an
     * unsuccessful call.
     */
    function verifyCallResultFromTarget(
        address target,
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        if (!success) {
            _revert(returndata);
        } else {
            // only check if target is a contract if the call was successful and the return data is empty
            // otherwise we already know that it was a contract
            if (returndata.length == 0 && target.code.length == 0) {
                revert AddressEmptyCode(target);
            }
            return returndata;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call was successful, and reverts if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
     * revert reason or with a default {FailedInnerCall} error.
     */
    function verifyCallResult(bool success, bytes memory returndata) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        if (!success) {
            _revert(returndata);
        } else {
            return returndata;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Reverts with returndata if present. Otherwise reverts with {FailedInnerCall}.
     */
    function _revert(bytes memory returndata) private pure {
        // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
        if (returndata.length > 0) {
            // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
            }
        } else {
            revert FailedInnerCall();
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (access/AccessControl.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IAccessControl} from "./IAccessControl.sol";
import {Context} from "../utils/Context.sol";
import {ERC165} from "../utils/introspection/ERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module that allows children to implement role-based access
 * control mechanisms. This is a lightweight version that doesn't allow enumerating role
 * members except through off-chain means by accessing the contract event logs. Some
 * applications may benefit from on-chain enumerability, for those cases see
 * {AccessControlEnumerable}.
 *
 * Roles are referred to by their `bytes32` identifier. These should be exposed
 * in the external API and be unique. The best way to achieve this is by
 * using `public constant` hash digests:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * bytes32 public constant MY_ROLE = keccak256("MY_ROLE");
 * ```
 *
 * Roles can be used to represent a set of permissions. To restrict access to a
 * function call, use {hasRole}:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * function foo() public {
 *     require(hasRole(MY_ROLE, msg.sender));
 *     ...
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Roles can be granted and revoked dynamically via the {grantRole} and
 * {revokeRole} functions. Each role has an associated admin role, and only
 * accounts that have a role's admin role can call {grantRole} and {revokeRole}.
 *
 * By default, the admin role for all roles is `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE`, which means
 * that only accounts with this role will be able to grant or revoke other
 * roles. More complex role relationships can be created by using
 * {_setRoleAdmin}.
 *
 * WARNING: The `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` is also its own admin: it has permission to
 * grant and revoke this role. Extra precautions should be taken to secure
 * accounts that have been granted it. We recommend using {AccessControlDefaultAdminRules}
 * to enforce additional security measures for this role.
 */
abstract contract AccessControl is Context, IAccessControl, ERC165 {
    struct RoleData {
        mapping(address account => bool) hasRole;
        bytes32 adminRole;
    }

    mapping(bytes32 role => RoleData) private _roles;

    bytes32 public constant DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE = 0x00;

    /**
     * @dev Modifier that checks that an account has a specific role. Reverts
     * with an {AccessControlUnauthorizedAccount} error including the required role.
     */
    modifier onlyRole(bytes32 role) {
        _checkRole(role);
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IAccessControl).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns `true` if `account` has been granted `role`.
     */
    function hasRole(bytes32 role, address account) public view virtual returns (bool) {
        return _roles[role].hasRole[account];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Reverts with an {AccessControlUnauthorizedAccount} error if `_msgSender()`
     * is missing `role`. Overriding this function changes the behavior of the {onlyRole} modifier.
     */
    function _checkRole(bytes32 role) internal view virtual {
        _checkRole(role, _msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Reverts with an {AccessControlUnauthorizedAccount} error if `account`
     * is missing `role`.
     */
    function _checkRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal view virtual {
        if (!hasRole(role, account)) {
            revert AccessControlUnauthorizedAccount(account, role);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the admin role that controls `role`. See {grantRole} and
     * {revokeRole}.
     *
     * To change a role's admin, use {_setRoleAdmin}.
     */
    function getRoleAdmin(bytes32 role) public view virtual returns (bytes32) {
        return _roles[role].adminRole;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Grants `role` to `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had not been already granted `role`, emits a {RoleGranted}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleGranted} event.
     */
    function grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual onlyRole(getRoleAdmin(role)) {
        _grantRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleRevoked} event.
     */
    function revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual onlyRole(getRoleAdmin(role)) {
        _revokeRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from the calling account.
     *
     * Roles are often managed via {grantRole} and {revokeRole}: this function's
     * purpose is to provide a mechanism for accounts to lose their privileges
     * if they are compromised (such as when a trusted device is misplaced).
     *
     * If the calling account had been revoked `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must be `callerConfirmation`.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleRevoked} event.
     */
    function renounceRole(bytes32 role, address callerConfirmation) public virtual {
        if (callerConfirmation != _msgSender()) {
            revert AccessControlBadConfirmation();
        }

        _revokeRole(role, callerConfirmation);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets `adminRole` as ``role``'s admin role.
     *
     * Emits a {RoleAdminChanged} event.
     */
    function _setRoleAdmin(bytes32 role, bytes32 adminRole) internal virtual {
        bytes32 previousAdminRole = getRoleAdmin(role);
        _roles[role].adminRole = adminRole;
        emit RoleAdminChanged(role, previousAdminRole, adminRole);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Attempts to grant `role` to `account` and returns a boolean indicating if `role` was granted.
     *
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleGranted} event.
     */
    function _grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual returns (bool) {
        if (!hasRole(role, account)) {
            _roles[role].hasRole[account] = true;
            emit RoleGranted(role, account, _msgSender());
            return true;
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Attempts to revoke `role` to `account` and returns a boolean indicating if `role` was revoked.
     *
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     *
     * May emit a {RoleRevoked} event.
     */
    function _revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual returns (bool) {
        if (hasRole(role, account)) {
            _roles[role].hasRole[account] = false;
            emit RoleRevoked(role, account, _msgSender());
            return true;
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (access/IAccessControl.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev External interface of AccessControl declared to support ERC165 detection.
 */
interface IAccessControl {
    /**
     * @dev The `account` is missing a role.
     */
    error AccessControlUnauthorizedAccount(address account, bytes32 neededRole);

    /**
     * @dev The caller of a function is not the expected one.
     *
     * NOTE: Don't confuse with {AccessControlUnauthorizedAccount}.
     */
    error AccessControlBadConfirmation();

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `newAdminRole` is set as ``role``'s admin role, replacing `previousAdminRole`
     *
     * `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` is the starting admin for all roles, despite
     * {RoleAdminChanged} not being emitted signaling this.
     */
    event RoleAdminChanged(bytes32 indexed role, bytes32 indexed previousAdminRole, bytes32 indexed newAdminRole);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `account` is granted `role`.
     *
     * `sender` is the account that originated the contract call, an admin role
     * bearer except when using {AccessControl-_setupRole}.
     */
    event RoleGranted(bytes32 indexed role, address indexed account, address indexed sender);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `account` is revoked `role`.
     *
     * `sender` is the account that originated the contract call:
     *   - if using `revokeRole`, it is the admin role bearer
     *   - if using `renounceRole`, it is the role bearer (i.e. `account`)
     */
    event RoleRevoked(bytes32 indexed role, address indexed account, address indexed sender);

    /**
     * @dev Returns `true` if `account` has been granted `role`.
     */
    function hasRole(bytes32 role, address account) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the admin role that controls `role`. See {grantRole} and
     * {revokeRole}.
     *
     * To change a role's admin, use {AccessControl-_setRoleAdmin}.
     */
    function getRoleAdmin(bytes32 role) external view returns (bytes32);

    /**
     * @dev Grants `role` to `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had not been already granted `role`, emits a {RoleGranted}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     */
    function grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) external;

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from `account`.
     *
     * If `account` had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have ``role``'s admin role.
     */
    function revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) external;

    /**
     * @dev Revokes `role` from the calling account.
     *
     * Roles are often managed via {grantRole} and {revokeRole}: this function's
     * purpose is to provide a mechanism for accounts to lose their privileges
     * if they are compromised (such as when a trusted device is misplaced).
     *
     * If the calling account had been granted `role`, emits a {RoleRevoked}
     * event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must be `callerConfirmation`.
     */
    function renounceRole(bytes32 role, address callerConfirmation) external;
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (access/Ownable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Context} from "../utils/Context.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * The initial owner is set to the address provided by the deployer. This can
 * later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
 * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
 * the owner.
 */
abstract contract Ownable is Context {
    address private _owner;

    /**
     * @dev The caller account is not authorized to perform an operation.
     */
    error OwnableUnauthorizedAccount(address account);

    /**
     * @dev The owner is not a valid owner account. (eg. `address(0)`)
     */
    error OwnableInvalidOwner(address owner);

    event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract setting the address provided by the deployer as the initial owner.
     */
    constructor(address initialOwner) {
        if (initialOwner == address(0)) {
            revert OwnableInvalidOwner(address(0));
        }
        _transferOwnership(initialOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
     */
    modifier onlyOwner() {
        _checkOwner();
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
     */
    function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _owner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if the sender is not the owner.
     */
    function _checkOwner() internal view virtual {
        if (owner() != _msgSender()) {
            revert OwnableUnauthorizedAccount(_msgSender());
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
     * `onlyOwner` functions. Can only be called by the current owner.
     *
     * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
     * thereby disabling any functionality that is only available to the owner.
     */
    function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
        _transferOwnership(address(0));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
        if (newOwner == address(0)) {
            revert OwnableInvalidOwner(address(0));
        }
        _transferOwnership(newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual {
        address oldOwner = _owner;
        _owner = newOwner;
        emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (access/Ownable2Step.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Ownable} from "./Ownable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * The initial owner is specified at deployment time in the constructor for `Ownable`. This
 * can later be changed with {transferOwnership} and {acceptOwnership}.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available all functions
 * from parent (Ownable).
 */
abstract contract Ownable2Step is Ownable {
    address private _pendingOwner;

    event OwnershipTransferStarted(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the pending owner.
     */
    function pendingOwner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _pendingOwner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Starts the ownership transfer of the contract to a new account. Replaces the pending transfer if there is one.
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual override onlyOwner {
        _pendingOwner = newOwner;
        emit OwnershipTransferStarted(owner(), newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`) and deletes any pending owner.
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual override {
        delete _pendingOwner;
        super._transferOwnership(newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev The new owner accepts the ownership transfer.
     */
    function acceptOwnership() public virtual {
        address sender = _msgSender();
        if (pendingOwner() != sender) {
            revert OwnableUnauthorizedAccount(sender);
        }
        _transferOwnership(sender);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (access/AccessControlDefaultAdminRules.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IAccessControlDefaultAdminRules} from "./IAccessControlDefaultAdminRules.sol";
import {AccessControl, IAccessControl} from "../AccessControl.sol";
import {SafeCast} from "../../utils/math/SafeCast.sol";
import {Math} from "../../utils/math/Math.sol";
import {IERC5313} from "../../interfaces/IERC5313.sol";

/**
 * @dev Extension of {AccessControl} that allows specifying special rules to manage
 * the `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` holder, which is a sensitive role with special permissions
 * over other roles that may potentially have privileged rights in the system.
 *
 * If a specific role doesn't have an admin role assigned, the holder of the
 * `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` will have the ability to grant it and revoke it.
 *
 * This contract implements the following risk mitigations on top of {AccessControl}:
 *
 * * Only one account holds the `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` since deployment until it's potentially renounced.
 * * Enforces a 2-step process to transfer the `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` to another account.
 * * Enforces a configurable delay between the two steps, with the ability to cancel before the transfer is accepted.
 * * The delay can be changed by scheduling, see {changeDefaultAdminDelay}.
 * * It is not possible to use another role to manage the `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE`.
 *
 * Example usage:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * contract MyToken is AccessControlDefaultAdminRules {
 *   constructor() AccessControlDefaultAdminRules(
 *     3 days,
 *     msg.sender // Explicit initial `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` holder
 *    ) {}
 * }
 * ```
 */
abstract contract AccessControlDefaultAdminRules is IAccessControlDefaultAdminRules, IERC5313, AccessControl {
    // pending admin pair read/written together frequently
    address private _pendingDefaultAdmin;
    uint48 private _pendingDefaultAdminSchedule; // 0 == unset

    uint48 private _currentDelay;
    address private _currentDefaultAdmin;

    // pending delay pair read/written together frequently
    uint48 private _pendingDelay;
    uint48 private _pendingDelaySchedule; // 0 == unset

    /**
     * @dev Sets the initial values for {defaultAdminDelay} and {defaultAdmin} address.
     */
    constructor(uint48 initialDelay, address initialDefaultAdmin) {
        if (initialDefaultAdmin == address(0)) {
            revert AccessControlInvalidDefaultAdmin(address(0));
        }
        _currentDelay = initialDelay;
        _grantRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE, initialDefaultAdmin);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IAccessControlDefaultAdminRules).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC5313-owner}.
     */
    function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return defaultAdmin();
    }

    ///
    /// Override AccessControl role management
    ///

    /**
     * @dev See {AccessControl-grantRole}. Reverts for `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE`.
     */
    function grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual override(AccessControl, IAccessControl) {
        if (role == DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE) {
            revert AccessControlEnforcedDefaultAdminRules();
        }
        super.grantRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {AccessControl-revokeRole}. Reverts for `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE`.
     */
    function revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual override(AccessControl, IAccessControl) {
        if (role == DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE) {
            revert AccessControlEnforcedDefaultAdminRules();
        }
        super.revokeRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {AccessControl-renounceRole}.
     *
     * For the `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE`, it only allows renouncing in two steps by first calling
     * {beginDefaultAdminTransfer} to the `address(0)`, so it's required that the {pendingDefaultAdmin} schedule
     * has also passed when calling this function.
     *
     * After its execution, it will not be possible to call `onlyRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE)` functions.
     *
     * NOTE: Renouncing `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` will leave the contract without a {defaultAdmin},
     * thereby disabling any functionality that is only available for it, and the possibility of reassigning a
     * non-administrated role.
     */
    function renounceRole(bytes32 role, address account) public virtual override(AccessControl, IAccessControl) {
        if (role == DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE && account == defaultAdmin()) {
            (address newDefaultAdmin, uint48 schedule) = pendingDefaultAdmin();
            if (newDefaultAdmin != address(0) || !_isScheduleSet(schedule) || !_hasSchedulePassed(schedule)) {
                revert AccessControlEnforcedDefaultAdminDelay(schedule);
            }
            delete _pendingDefaultAdminSchedule;
        }
        super.renounceRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {AccessControl-_grantRole}.
     *
     * For `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE`, it only allows granting if there isn't already a {defaultAdmin} or if the
     * role has been previously renounced.
     *
     * NOTE: Exposing this function through another mechanism may make the `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE`
     * assignable again. Make sure to guarantee this is the expected behavior in your implementation.
     */
    function _grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual override returns (bool) {
        if (role == DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE) {
            if (defaultAdmin() != address(0)) {
                revert AccessControlEnforcedDefaultAdminRules();
            }
            _currentDefaultAdmin = account;
        }
        return super._grantRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {AccessControl-_revokeRole}.
     */
    function _revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual override returns (bool) {
        if (role == DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE && account == defaultAdmin()) {
            delete _currentDefaultAdmin;
        }
        return super._revokeRole(role, account);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {AccessControl-_setRoleAdmin}. Reverts for `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE`.
     */
    function _setRoleAdmin(bytes32 role, bytes32 adminRole) internal virtual override {
        if (role == DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE) {
            revert AccessControlEnforcedDefaultAdminRules();
        }
        super._setRoleAdmin(role, adminRole);
    }

    ///
    /// AccessControlDefaultAdminRules accessors
    ///

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IAccessControlDefaultAdminRules
     */
    function defaultAdmin() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _currentDefaultAdmin;
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IAccessControlDefaultAdminRules
     */
    function pendingDefaultAdmin() public view virtual returns (address newAdmin, uint48 schedule) {
        return (_pendingDefaultAdmin, _pendingDefaultAdminSchedule);
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IAccessControlDefaultAdminRules
     */
    function defaultAdminDelay() public view virtual returns (uint48) {
        uint48 schedule = _pendingDelaySchedule;
        return (_isScheduleSet(schedule) && _hasSchedulePassed(schedule)) ? _pendingDelay : _currentDelay;
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IAccessControlDefaultAdminRules
     */
    function pendingDefaultAdminDelay() public view virtual returns (uint48 newDelay, uint48 schedule) {
        schedule = _pendingDelaySchedule;
        return (_isScheduleSet(schedule) && !_hasSchedulePassed(schedule)) ? (_pendingDelay, schedule) : (0, 0);
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IAccessControlDefaultAdminRules
     */
    function defaultAdminDelayIncreaseWait() public view virtual returns (uint48) {
        return 5 days;
    }

    ///
    /// AccessControlDefaultAdminRules public and internal setters for defaultAdmin/pendingDefaultAdmin
    ///

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IAccessControlDefaultAdminRules
     */
    function beginDefaultAdminTransfer(address newAdmin) public virtual onlyRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE) {
        _beginDefaultAdminTransfer(newAdmin);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {beginDefaultAdminTransfer}.
     *
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _beginDefaultAdminTransfer(address newAdmin) internal virtual {
        uint48 newSchedule = SafeCast.toUint48(block.timestamp) + defaultAdminDelay();
        _setPendingDefaultAdmin(newAdmin, newSchedule);
        emit DefaultAdminTransferScheduled(newAdmin, newSchedule);
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IAccessControlDefaultAdminRules
     */
    function cancelDefaultAdminTransfer() public virtual onlyRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE) {
        _cancelDefaultAdminTransfer();
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {cancelDefaultAdminTransfer}.
     *
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _cancelDefaultAdminTransfer() internal virtual {
        _setPendingDefaultAdmin(address(0), 0);
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IAccessControlDefaultAdminRules
     */
    function acceptDefaultAdminTransfer() public virtual {
        (address newDefaultAdmin, ) = pendingDefaultAdmin();
        if (_msgSender() != newDefaultAdmin) {
            // Enforce newDefaultAdmin explicit acceptance.
            revert AccessControlInvalidDefaultAdmin(_msgSender());
        }
        _acceptDefaultAdminTransfer();
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {acceptDefaultAdminTransfer}.
     *
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _acceptDefaultAdminTransfer() internal virtual {
        (address newAdmin, uint48 schedule) = pendingDefaultAdmin();
        if (!_isScheduleSet(schedule) || !_hasSchedulePassed(schedule)) {
            revert AccessControlEnforcedDefaultAdminDelay(schedule);
        }
        _revokeRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE, defaultAdmin());
        _grantRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE, newAdmin);
        delete _pendingDefaultAdmin;
        delete _pendingDefaultAdminSchedule;
    }

    ///
    /// AccessControlDefaultAdminRules public and internal setters for defaultAdminDelay/pendingDefaultAdminDelay
    ///

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IAccessControlDefaultAdminRules
     */
    function changeDefaultAdminDelay(uint48 newDelay) public virtual onlyRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE) {
        _changeDefaultAdminDelay(newDelay);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {changeDefaultAdminDelay}.
     *
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _changeDefaultAdminDelay(uint48 newDelay) internal virtual {
        uint48 newSchedule = SafeCast.toUint48(block.timestamp) + _delayChangeWait(newDelay);
        _setPendingDelay(newDelay, newSchedule);
        emit DefaultAdminDelayChangeScheduled(newDelay, newSchedule);
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IAccessControlDefaultAdminRules
     */
    function rollbackDefaultAdminDelay() public virtual onlyRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE) {
        _rollbackDefaultAdminDelay();
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {rollbackDefaultAdminDelay}.
     *
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _rollbackDefaultAdminDelay() internal virtual {
        _setPendingDelay(0, 0);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of seconds to wait after the `newDelay` will
     * become the new {defaultAdminDelay}.
     *
     * The value returned guarantees that if the delay is reduced, it will go into effect
     * after a wait that honors the previously set delay.
     *
     * See {defaultAdminDelayIncreaseWait}.
     */
    function _delayChangeWait(uint48 newDelay) internal view virtual returns (uint48) {
        uint48 currentDelay = defaultAdminDelay();

        // When increasing the delay, we schedule the delay change to occur after a period of "new delay" has passed, up
        // to a maximum given by defaultAdminDelayIncreaseWait, by default 5 days. For example, if increasing from 1 day
        // to 3 days, the new delay will come into effect after 3 days. If increasing from 1 day to 10 days, the new
        // delay will come into effect after 5 days. The 5 day wait period is intended to be able to fix an error like
        // using milliseconds instead of seconds.
        //
        // When decreasing the delay, we wait the difference between "current delay" and "new delay". This guarantees
        // that an admin transfer cannot be made faster than "current delay" at the time the delay change is scheduled.
        // For example, if decreasing from 10 days to 3 days, the new delay will come into effect after 7 days.
        return
            newDelay > currentDelay
                ? uint48(Math.min(newDelay, defaultAdminDelayIncreaseWait())) // no need to safecast, both inputs are uint48
                : currentDelay - newDelay;
    }

    ///
    /// Private setters
    ///

    /**
     * @dev Setter of the tuple for pending admin and its schedule.
     *
     * May emit a DefaultAdminTransferCanceled event.
     */
    function _setPendingDefaultAdmin(address newAdmin, uint48 newSchedule) private {
        (, uint48 oldSchedule) = pendingDefaultAdmin();

        _pendingDefaultAdmin = newAdmin;
        _pendingDefaultAdminSchedule = newSchedule;

        // An `oldSchedule` from `pendingDefaultAdmin()` is only set if it hasn't been accepted.
        if (_isScheduleSet(oldSchedule)) {
            // Emit for implicit cancellations when another default admin was scheduled.
            emit DefaultAdminTransferCanceled();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Setter of the tuple for pending delay and its schedule.
     *
     * May emit a DefaultAdminDelayChangeCanceled event.
     */
    function _setPendingDelay(uint48 newDelay, uint48 newSchedule) private {
        uint48 oldSchedule = _pendingDelaySchedule;

        if (_isScheduleSet(oldSchedule)) {
            if (_hasSchedulePassed(oldSchedule)) {
                // Materialize a virtual delay
                _currentDelay = _pendingDelay;
            } else {
                // Emit for implicit cancellations when another delay was scheduled.
                emit DefaultAdminDelayChangeCanceled();
            }
        }

        _pendingDelay = newDelay;
        _pendingDelaySchedule = newSchedule;
    }

    ///
    /// Private helpers
    ///

    /**
     * @dev Defines if an `schedule` is considered set. For consistency purposes.
     */
    function _isScheduleSet(uint48 schedule) private pure returns (bool) {
        return schedule != 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Defines if an `schedule` is considered passed. For consistency purposes.
     */
    function _hasSchedulePassed(uint48 schedule) private view returns (bool) {
        return schedule < block.timestamp;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (access/AccessControlEnumerable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IAccessControlEnumerable} from "./IAccessControlEnumerable.sol";
import {AccessControl} from "../AccessControl.sol";
import {EnumerableSet} from "../../utils/structs/EnumerableSet.sol";

/**
 * @dev Extension of {AccessControl} that allows enumerating the members of each role.
 */
abstract contract AccessControlEnumerable is IAccessControlEnumerable, AccessControl {
    using EnumerableSet for EnumerableSet.AddressSet;

    mapping(bytes32 role => EnumerableSet.AddressSet) private _roleMembers;

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IAccessControlEnumerable).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns one of the accounts that have `role`. `index` must be a
     * value between 0 and {getRoleMemberCount}, non-inclusive.
     *
     * Role bearers are not sorted in any particular way, and their ordering may
     * change at any point.
     *
     * WARNING: When using {getRoleMember} and {getRoleMemberCount}, make sure
     * you perform all queries on the same block. See the following
     * https://forum.openzeppelin.com/t/iterating-over-elements-on-enumerableset-in-openzeppelin-contracts/2296[forum post]
     * for more information.
     */
    function getRoleMember(bytes32 role, uint256 index) public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _roleMembers[role].at(index);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of accounts that have `role`. Can be used
     * together with {getRoleMember} to enumerate all bearers of a role.
     */
    function getRoleMemberCount(bytes32 role) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _roleMembers[role].length();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload {AccessControl-_grantRole} to track enumerable memberships
     */
    function _grantRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual override returns (bool) {
        bool granted = super._grantRole(role, account);
        if (granted) {
            _roleMembers[role].add(account);
        }
        return granted;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload {AccessControl-_revokeRole} to track enumerable memberships
     */
    function _revokeRole(bytes32 role, address account) internal virtual override returns (bool) {
        bool revoked = super._revokeRole(role, account);
        if (revoked) {
            _roleMembers[role].remove(account);
        }
        return revoked;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (access/IAccessControlDefaultAdminRules.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IAccessControl} from "../IAccessControl.sol";

/**
 * @dev External interface of AccessControlDefaultAdminRules declared to support ERC165 detection.
 */
interface IAccessControlDefaultAdminRules is IAccessControl {
    /**
     * @dev The new default admin is not a valid default admin.
     */
    error AccessControlInvalidDefaultAdmin(address defaultAdmin);

    /**
     * @dev At least one of the following rules was violated:
     *
     * - The `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` must only be managed by itself.
     * - The `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` must only be held by one account at the time.
     * - Any `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` transfer must be in two delayed steps.
     */
    error AccessControlEnforcedDefaultAdminRules();

    /**
     * @dev The delay for transferring the default admin delay is enforced and
     * the operation must wait until `schedule`.
     *
     * NOTE: `schedule` can be 0 indicating there's no transfer scheduled.
     */
    error AccessControlEnforcedDefaultAdminDelay(uint48 schedule);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when a {defaultAdmin} transfer is started, setting `newAdmin` as the next
     * address to become the {defaultAdmin} by calling {acceptDefaultAdminTransfer} only after `acceptSchedule`
     * passes.
     */
    event DefaultAdminTransferScheduled(address indexed newAdmin, uint48 acceptSchedule);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when a {pendingDefaultAdmin} is reset if it was never accepted, regardless of its schedule.
     */
    event DefaultAdminTransferCanceled();

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when a {defaultAdminDelay} change is started, setting `newDelay` as the next
     * delay to be applied between default admin transfer after `effectSchedule` has passed.
     */
    event DefaultAdminDelayChangeScheduled(uint48 newDelay, uint48 effectSchedule);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when a {pendingDefaultAdminDelay} is reset if its schedule didn't pass.
     */
    event DefaultAdminDelayChangeCanceled();

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the current `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` holder.
     */
    function defaultAdmin() external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @dev Returns a tuple of a `newAdmin` and an accept schedule.
     *
     * After the `schedule` passes, the `newAdmin` will be able to accept the {defaultAdmin} role
     * by calling {acceptDefaultAdminTransfer}, completing the role transfer.
     *
     * A zero value only in `acceptSchedule` indicates no pending admin transfer.
     *
     * NOTE: A zero address `newAdmin` means that {defaultAdmin} is being renounced.
     */
    function pendingDefaultAdmin() external view returns (address newAdmin, uint48 acceptSchedule);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the delay required to schedule the acceptance of a {defaultAdmin} transfer started.
     *
     * This delay will be added to the current timestamp when calling {beginDefaultAdminTransfer} to set
     * the acceptance schedule.
     *
     * NOTE: If a delay change has been scheduled, it will take effect as soon as the schedule passes, making this
     * function returns the new delay. See {changeDefaultAdminDelay}.
     */
    function defaultAdminDelay() external view returns (uint48);

    /**
     * @dev Returns a tuple of `newDelay` and an effect schedule.
     *
     * After the `schedule` passes, the `newDelay` will get into effect immediately for every
     * new {defaultAdmin} transfer started with {beginDefaultAdminTransfer}.
     *
     * A zero value only in `effectSchedule` indicates no pending delay change.
     *
     * NOTE: A zero value only for `newDelay` means that the next {defaultAdminDelay}
     * will be zero after the effect schedule.
     */
    function pendingDefaultAdminDelay() external view returns (uint48 newDelay, uint48 effectSchedule);

    /**
     * @dev Starts a {defaultAdmin} transfer by setting a {pendingDefaultAdmin} scheduled for acceptance
     * after the current timestamp plus a {defaultAdminDelay}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - Only can be called by the current {defaultAdmin}.
     *
     * Emits a DefaultAdminRoleChangeStarted event.
     */
    function beginDefaultAdminTransfer(address newAdmin) external;

    /**
     * @dev Cancels a {defaultAdmin} transfer previously started with {beginDefaultAdminTransfer}.
     *
     * A {pendingDefaultAdmin} not yet accepted can also be cancelled with this function.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - Only can be called by the current {defaultAdmin}.
     *
     * May emit a DefaultAdminTransferCanceled event.
     */
    function cancelDefaultAdminTransfer() external;

    /**
     * @dev Completes a {defaultAdmin} transfer previously started with {beginDefaultAdminTransfer}.
     *
     * After calling the function:
     *
     * - `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` should be granted to the caller.
     * - `DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE` should be revoked from the previous holder.
     * - {pendingDefaultAdmin} should be reset to zero values.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - Only can be called by the {pendingDefaultAdmin}'s `newAdmin`.
     * - The {pendingDefaultAdmin}'s `acceptSchedule` should've passed.
     */
    function acceptDefaultAdminTransfer() external;

    /**
     * @dev Initiates a {defaultAdminDelay} update by setting a {pendingDefaultAdminDelay} scheduled for getting
     * into effect after the current timestamp plus a {defaultAdminDelay}.
     *
     * This function guarantees that any call to {beginDefaultAdminTransfer} done between the timestamp this
     * method is called and the {pendingDefaultAdminDelay} effect schedule will use the current {defaultAdminDelay}
     * set before calling.
     *
     * The {pendingDefaultAdminDelay}'s effect schedule is defined in a way that waiting until the schedule and then
     * calling {beginDefaultAdminTransfer} with the new delay will take at least the same as another {defaultAdmin}
     * complete transfer (including acceptance).
     *
     * The schedule is designed for two scenarios:
     *
     * - When the delay is changed for a larger one the schedule is `block.timestamp + newDelay` capped by
     * {defaultAdminDelayIncreaseWait}.
     * - When the delay is changed for a shorter one, the schedule is `block.timestamp + (current delay - new delay)`.
     *
     * A {pendingDefaultAdminDelay} that never got into effect will be canceled in favor of a new scheduled change.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - Only can be called by the current {defaultAdmin}.
     *
     * Emits a DefaultAdminDelayChangeScheduled event and may emit a DefaultAdminDelayChangeCanceled event.
     */
    function changeDefaultAdminDelay(uint48 newDelay) external;

    /**
     * @dev Cancels a scheduled {defaultAdminDelay} change.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - Only can be called by the current {defaultAdmin}.
     *
     * May emit a DefaultAdminDelayChangeCanceled event.
     */
    function rollbackDefaultAdminDelay() external;

    /**
     * @dev Maximum time in seconds for an increase to {defaultAdminDelay} (that is scheduled using {changeDefaultAdminDelay})
     * to take effect. Default to 5 days.
     *
     * When the {defaultAdminDelay} is scheduled to be increased, it goes into effect after the new delay has passed with
     * the purpose of giving enough time for reverting any accidental change (i.e. using milliseconds instead of seconds)
     * that may lock the contract. However, to avoid excessive schedules, the wait is capped by this function and it can
     * be overrode for a custom {defaultAdminDelay} increase scheduling.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Make sure to add a reasonable amount of time while overriding this value, otherwise,
     * there's a risk of setting a high new delay that goes into effect almost immediately without the
     * possibility of human intervention in the case of an input error (eg. set milliseconds instead of seconds).
     */
    function defaultAdminDelayIncreaseWait() external view returns (uint48);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (access/IAccessControlEnumerable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IAccessControl} from "../IAccessControl.sol";

/**
 * @dev External interface of AccessControlEnumerable declared to support ERC165 detection.
 */
interface IAccessControlEnumerable is IAccessControl {
    /**
     * @dev Returns one of the accounts that have `role`. `index` must be a
     * value between 0 and {getRoleMemberCount}, non-inclusive.
     *
     * Role bearers are not sorted in any particular way, and their ordering may
     * change at any point.
     *
     * WARNING: When using {getRoleMember} and {getRoleMemberCount}, make sure
     * you perform all queries on the same block. See the following
     * https://forum.openzeppelin.com/t/iterating-over-elements-on-enumerableset-in-openzeppelin-contracts/2296[forum post]
     * for more information.
     */
    function getRoleMember(bytes32 role, uint256 index) external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of accounts that have `role`. Can be used
     * together with {getRoleMember} to enumerate all bearers of a role.
     */
    function getRoleMemberCount(bytes32 role) external view returns (uint256);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IAuthority} from "./IAuthority.sol";
import {AuthorityUtils} from "./AuthorityUtils.sol";
import {IAccessManager} from "./IAccessManager.sol";
import {IAccessManaged} from "./IAccessManaged.sol";
import {Context} from "../../utils/Context.sol";

/**
 * @dev This contract module makes available a {restricted} modifier. Functions decorated with this modifier will be
 * permissioned according to an "authority": a contract like {AccessManager} that follows the {IAuthority} interface,
 * implementing a policy that allows certain callers to access certain functions.
 *
 * IMPORTANT: The `restricted` modifier should never be used on `internal` functions, judiciously used in `public`
 * functions, and ideally only used in `external` functions. See {restricted}.
 */
abstract contract AccessManaged is Context, IAccessManaged {
    address private _authority;

    bool private _consumingSchedule;

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract connected to an initial authority.
     */
    constructor(address initialAuthority) {
        _setAuthority(initialAuthority);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Restricts access to a function as defined by the connected Authority for this contract and the
     * caller and selector of the function that entered the contract.
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * In general, this modifier should only be used on `external` functions. It is okay to use it on `public`
     * functions that are used as external entry points and are not called internally. Unless you know what you're
     * doing, it should never be used on `internal` functions. Failure to follow these rules can have critical security
     * implications! This is because the permissions are determined by the function that entered the contract, i.e. the
     * function at the bottom of the call stack, and not the function where the modifier is visible in the source code.
     * ====
     *
     * [NOTE]
     * ====
     * Selector collisions are mitigated by scoping permissions per contract, but some edge cases must be considered:
     *
     * * If the https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/v0.8.20/contracts.html#receive-ether-function[`receive()`] function
     * is restricted, any other function with a `0x00000000` selector will share permissions with `receive()`.
     * * Similarly, if there's no `receive()` function but a `fallback()` instead, the fallback might be called with
     * empty `calldata`, sharing the `0x00000000` selector permissions as well.
     * * For any other selector, if the restricted function is set on an upgradeable contract, an upgrade may remove
     * the restricted function and replace it with a new method whose selector replaces the last one, keeping the
     * previous permissions.
     * ====
     */
    modifier restricted() {
        _checkCanCall(_msgSender(), _msgData());
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current authority.
     */
    function authority() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _authority;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers control to a new authority. The caller must be the current authority.
     */
    function setAuthority(address newAuthority) public virtual {
        address caller = _msgSender();
        if (caller != authority()) {
            revert AccessManagedUnauthorized(caller);
        }
        if (newAuthority.code.length == 0) {
            revert AccessManagedInvalidAuthority(newAuthority);
        }
        _setAuthority(newAuthority);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true only in the context of a delayed restricted call, at the moment that the scheduled operation is
     * being consumed. Prevents denial of service for delayed restricted calls in the case that the contract performs
     * attacker controlled calls.
     */
    function isConsumingScheduledOp() public view returns (bytes4) {
        return _consumingSchedule ? this.isConsumingScheduledOp.selector : bytes4(0);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers control to a new authority. Internal function with no access restriction. Allows bypassing the
     * permissions set by the current authority.
     */
    function _setAuthority(address newAuthority) internal virtual {
        _authority = newAuthority;
        emit AuthorityUpdated(newAuthority);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Reverts if the caller is not allowed to call the function identified by a selector.
     */
    function _checkCanCall(address caller, bytes calldata data) internal virtual {
        (bool immediate, uint32 delay) = AuthorityUtils.canCallWithDelay(
            authority(),
            caller,
            address(this),
            bytes4(data)
        );
        if (!immediate) {
            if (delay > 0) {
                _consumingSchedule = true;
                IAccessManager(authority()).consumeScheduledOp(caller, data);
                _consumingSchedule = false;
            } else {
                revert AccessManagedUnauthorized(caller);
            }
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IAuthority} from "./IAuthority.sol";

library AuthorityUtils {
    /**
     * @dev Since `AccessManager` implements an extended IAuthority interface, invoking `canCall` with backwards compatibility
     * for the preexisting `IAuthority` interface requires special care to avoid reverting on insufficient return data.
     * This helper function takes care of invoking `canCall` in a backwards compatible way without reverting.
     */
    function canCallWithDelay(
        address authority,
        address caller,
        address target,
        bytes4 selector
    ) internal view returns (bool immediate, uint32 delay) {
        (bool success, bytes memory data) = authority.staticcall(
            abi.encodeCall(IAuthority.canCall, (caller, target, selector))
        );
        if (success) {
            if (data.length >= 0x40) {
                (immediate, delay) = abi.decode(data, (bool, uint32));
            } else if (data.length >= 0x20) {
                immediate = abi.decode(data, (bool));
            }
        }
        return (immediate, delay);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

interface IAccessManaged {
    event AuthorityUpdated(address authority);

    error AccessManagedUnauthorized(address caller);
    error AccessManagedRequiredDelay(address caller, uint32 delay);
    error AccessManagedInvalidAuthority(address authority);

    function authority() external view returns (address);

    function setAuthority(address) external;

    function isConsumingScheduledOp() external view returns (bytes4);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IAccessManaged} from "./IAccessManaged.sol";
import {Time} from "../../utils/types/Time.sol";

interface IAccessManager {
    /**
     * @dev A delayed operation was scheduled.
     */
    event OperationScheduled(
        bytes32 indexed operationId,
        uint32 indexed nonce,
        uint48 schedule,
        address caller,
        address target,
        bytes data
    );

    /**
     * @dev A scheduled operation was executed.
     */
    event OperationExecuted(bytes32 indexed operationId, uint32 indexed nonce);

    /**
     * @dev A scheduled operation was canceled.
     */
    event OperationCanceled(bytes32 indexed operationId, uint32 indexed nonce);

    event RoleLabel(uint64 indexed roleId, string label);
    event RoleGranted(uint64 indexed roleId, address indexed account, uint32 delay, uint48 since, bool newMember);
    event RoleRevoked(uint64 indexed roleId, address indexed account);
    event RoleAdminChanged(uint64 indexed roleId, uint64 indexed admin);
    event RoleGuardianChanged(uint64 indexed roleId, uint64 indexed guardian);
    event RoleGrantDelayChanged(uint64 indexed roleId, uint32 delay, uint48 since);
    event TargetClosed(address indexed target, bool closed);
    event TargetFunctionRoleUpdated(address indexed target, bytes4 selector, uint64 indexed roleId);
    event TargetAdminDelayUpdated(address indexed target, uint32 delay, uint48 since);

    error AccessManagerAlreadyScheduled(bytes32 operationId);
    error AccessManagerNotScheduled(bytes32 operationId);
    error AccessManagerNotReady(bytes32 operationId);
    error AccessManagerExpired(bytes32 operationId);
    error AccessManagerLockedAccount(address account);
    error AccessManagerLockedRole(uint64 roleId);
    error AccessManagerBadConfirmation();
    error AccessManagerUnauthorizedAccount(address msgsender, uint64 roleId);
    error AccessManagerUnauthorizedCall(address caller, address target, bytes4 selector);
    error AccessManagerUnauthorizedConsume(address target);
    error AccessManagerUnauthorizedCancel(address msgsender, address caller, address target, bytes4 selector);
    error AccessManagerInvalidInitialAdmin(address initialAdmin);

    function canCall(
        address caller,
        address target,
        bytes4 selector
    ) external view returns (bool allowed, uint32 delay);

    function hashOperation(address caller, address target, bytes calldata data) external view returns (bytes32);

    function expiration() external view returns (uint32);

    function isTargetClosed(address target) external view returns (bool);

    function getTargetFunctionRole(address target, bytes4 selector) external view returns (uint64);

    function getTargetAdminDelay(address target) external view returns (uint32);

    function getRoleAdmin(uint64 roleId) external view returns (uint64);

    function getRoleGuardian(uint64 roleId) external view returns (uint64);

    function getRoleGrantDelay(uint64 roleId) external view returns (uint32);

    function getAccess(uint64 roleId, address account) external view returns (uint48, uint32, uint32, uint48);

    function hasRole(uint64 roleId, address account) external view returns (bool, uint32);

    function labelRole(uint64 roleId, string calldata label) external;

    function grantRole(uint64 roleId, address account, uint32 executionDelay) external;

    function revokeRole(uint64 roleId, address account) external;

    function renounceRole(uint64 roleId, address callerConfirmation) external;

    function setRoleAdmin(uint64 roleId, uint64 admin) external;

    function setRoleGuardian(uint64 roleId, uint64 guardian) external;

    function setGrantDelay(uint64 roleId, uint32 newDelay) external;

    function setTargetFunctionRole(address target, bytes4[] calldata selectors, uint64 roleId) external;

    function setTargetAdminDelay(address target, uint32 newDelay) external;

    function setTargetClosed(address target, bool closed) external;

    function getSchedule(bytes32 id) external view returns (uint48);

    function getNonce(bytes32 id) external view returns (uint32);

    function schedule(address target, bytes calldata data, uint48 when) external returns (bytes32, uint32);

    function execute(address target, bytes calldata data) external payable returns (uint32);

    function cancel(address caller, address target, bytes calldata data) external returns (uint32);

    function consumeScheduledOp(address caller, bytes calldata data) external;

    function updateAuthority(address target, address newAuthority) external;
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Standard interface for permissioning originally defined in Dappsys.
 */
interface IAuthority {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the caller can invoke on a target the function identified by a function selector.
     */
    function canCall(address caller, address target, bytes4 selector) external view returns (bool allowed);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (finance/VestingWallet.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20} from "../token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
import {SafeERC20} from "../token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol";
import {Address} from "../utils/Address.sol";
import {Context} from "../utils/Context.sol";
import {Ownable} from "../access/Ownable.sol";

/**
 * @dev A vesting wallet is an ownable contract that can receive native currency and ERC20 tokens, and release these
 * assets to the wallet owner, also referred to as "beneficiary", according to a vesting schedule.
 *
 * Any assets transferred to this contract will follow the vesting schedule as if they were locked from the beginning.
 * Consequently, if the vesting has already started, any amount of tokens sent to this contract will (at least partly)
 * be immediately releasable.
 *
 * By setting the duration to 0, one can configure this contract to behave like an asset timelock that hold tokens for
 * a beneficiary until a specified time.
 *
 * NOTE: Since the wallet is {Ownable}, and ownership can be transferred, it is possible to sell unvested tokens.
 * Preventing this in a smart contract is difficult, considering that: 1) a beneficiary address could be a
 * counterfactually deployed contract, 2) there is likely to be a migration path for EOAs to become contracts in the
 * near future.
 *
 * NOTE: When using this contract with any token whose balance is adjusted automatically (i.e. a rebase token), make
 * sure to account the supply/balance adjustment in the vesting schedule to ensure the vested amount is as intended.
 */
contract VestingWallet is Context, Ownable {
    event EtherReleased(uint256 amount);
    event ERC20Released(address indexed token, uint256 amount);

    uint256 private _released;
    mapping(address token => uint256) private _erc20Released;
    uint64 private immutable _start;
    uint64 private immutable _duration;

    /**
     * @dev Sets the sender as the initial owner, the beneficiary as the pending owner, the start timestamp and the
     * vesting duration of the vesting wallet.
     */
    constructor(address beneficiary, uint64 startTimestamp, uint64 durationSeconds) payable Ownable(beneficiary) {
        _start = startTimestamp;
        _duration = durationSeconds;
    }

    /**
     * @dev The contract should be able to receive Eth.
     */
    receive() external payable virtual {}

    /**
     * @dev Getter for the start timestamp.
     */
    function start() public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _start;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Getter for the vesting duration.
     */
    function duration() public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _duration;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Getter for the end timestamp.
     */
    function end() public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return start() + duration();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Amount of eth already released
     */
    function released() public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _released;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Amount of token already released
     */
    function released(address token) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _erc20Released[token];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Getter for the amount of releasable eth.
     */
    function releasable() public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return vestedAmount(uint64(block.timestamp)) - released();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Getter for the amount of releasable `token` tokens. `token` should be the address of an
     * IERC20 contract.
     */
    function releasable(address token) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return vestedAmount(token, uint64(block.timestamp)) - released(token);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Release the native token (ether) that have already vested.
     *
     * Emits a {EtherReleased} event.
     */
    function release() public virtual {
        uint256 amount = releasable();
        _released += amount;
        emit EtherReleased(amount);
        Address.sendValue(payable(owner()), amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Release the tokens that have already vested.
     *
     * Emits a {ERC20Released} event.
     */
    function release(address token) public virtual {
        uint256 amount = releasable(token);
        _erc20Released[token] += amount;
        emit ERC20Released(token, amount);
        SafeERC20.safeTransfer(IERC20(token), owner(), amount);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Calculates the amount of ether that has already vested. Default implementation is a linear vesting curve.
     */
    function vestedAmount(uint64 timestamp) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _vestingSchedule(address(this).balance + released(), timestamp);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Calculates the amount of tokens that has already vested. Default implementation is a linear vesting curve.
     */
    function vestedAmount(address token, uint64 timestamp) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _vestingSchedule(IERC20(token).balanceOf(address(this)) + released(token), timestamp);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Virtual implementation of the vesting formula. This returns the amount vested, as a function of time, for
     * an asset given its total historical allocation.
     */
    function _vestingSchedule(uint256 totalAllocation, uint64 timestamp) internal view virtual returns (uint256) {
        if (timestamp < start()) {
            return 0;
        } else if (timestamp >= end()) {
            return totalAllocation;
        } else {
            return (totalAllocation * (timestamp - start())) / duration();
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (governance/IGovernor.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC165} from "../interfaces/IERC165.sol";
import {IERC6372} from "../interfaces/IERC6372.sol";

/**
 * @dev Interface of the {Governor} core.
 */
interface IGovernor is IERC165, IERC6372 {
    enum ProposalState {
        Pending,
        Active,
        Canceled,
        Defeated,
        Succeeded,
        Queued,
        Expired,
        Executed
    }

    /**
     * @dev Empty proposal or a mismatch between the parameters length for a proposal call.
     */
    error GovernorInvalidProposalLength(uint256 targets, uint256 calldatas, uint256 values);

    /**
     * @dev The vote was already cast.
     */
    error GovernorAlreadyCastVote(address voter);

    /**
     * @dev Token deposits are disabled in this contract.
     */
    error GovernorDisabledDeposit();

    /**
     * @dev The `account` is not a proposer.
     */
    error GovernorOnlyProposer(address account);

    /**
     * @dev The `account` is not the governance executor.
     */
    error GovernorOnlyExecutor(address account);

    /**
     * @dev The `proposalId` doesn't exist.
     */
    error GovernorNonexistentProposal(uint256 proposalId);

    /**
     * @dev The current state of a proposal is not the required for performing an operation.
     * The `expectedStates` is a bitmap with the bits enabled for each ProposalState enum position
     * counting from right to left.
     *
     * NOTE: If `expectedState` is `bytes32(0)`, the proposal is expected to not be in any state (i.e. not exist).
     * This is the case when a proposal that is expected to be unset is already initiated (the proposal is duplicated).
     *
     * See {Governor-_encodeStateBitmap}.
     */
    error GovernorUnexpectedProposalState(uint256 proposalId, ProposalState current, bytes32 expectedStates);

    /**
     * @dev The voting period set is not a valid period.
     */
    error GovernorInvalidVotingPeriod(uint256 votingPeriod);

    /**
     * @dev The `proposer` does not have the required votes to create a proposal.
     */
    error GovernorInsufficientProposerVotes(address proposer, uint256 votes, uint256 threshold);

    /**
     * @dev The `proposer` is not allowed to create a proposal.
     */
    error GovernorRestrictedProposer(address proposer);

    /**
     * @dev The vote type used is not valid for the corresponding counting module.
     */
    error GovernorInvalidVoteType();

    /**
     * @dev Queue operation is not implemented for this governor. Execute should be called directly.
     */
    error GovernorQueueNotImplemented();

    /**
     * @dev The proposal hasn't been queued yet.
     */
    error GovernorNotQueuedProposal(uint256 proposalId);

    /**
     * @dev The proposal has already been queued.
     */
    error GovernorAlreadyQueuedProposal(uint256 proposalId);

    /**
     * @dev The provided signature is not valid for the expected `voter`.
     * If the `voter` is a contract, the signature is not valid using {IERC1271-isValidSignature}.
     */
    error GovernorInvalidSignature(address voter);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when a proposal is created.
     */
    event ProposalCreated(
        uint256 proposalId,
        address proposer,
        address[] targets,
        uint256[] values,
        string[] signatures,
        bytes[] calldatas,
        uint256 voteStart,
        uint256 voteEnd,
        string description
    );

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when a proposal is queued.
     */
    event ProposalQueued(uint256 proposalId, uint256 etaSeconds);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when a proposal is executed.
     */
    event ProposalExecuted(uint256 proposalId);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when a proposal is canceled.
     */
    event ProposalCanceled(uint256 proposalId);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when a vote is cast without params.
     *
     * Note: `support` values should be seen as buckets. Their interpretation depends on the voting module used.
     */
    event VoteCast(address indexed voter, uint256 proposalId, uint8 support, uint256 weight, string reason);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when a vote is cast with params.
     *
     * Note: `support` values should be seen as buckets. Their interpretation depends on the voting module used.
     * `params` are additional encoded parameters. Their interpepretation also depends on the voting module used.
     */
    event VoteCastWithParams(
        address indexed voter,
        uint256 proposalId,
        uint8 support,
        uint256 weight,
        string reason,
        bytes params
    );

    /**
     * @notice module:core
     * @dev Name of the governor instance (used in building the ERC712 domain separator).
     */
    function name() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @notice module:core
     * @dev Version of the governor instance (used in building the ERC712 domain separator). Default: "1"
     */
    function version() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @notice module:voting
     * @dev A description of the possible `support` values for {castVote} and the way these votes are counted, meant to
     * be consumed by UIs to show correct vote options and interpret the results. The string is a URL-encoded sequence of
     * key-value pairs that each describe one aspect, for example `support=bravo&quorum=for,abstain`.
     *
     * There are 2 standard keys: `support` and `quorum`.
     *
     * - `support=bravo` refers to the vote options 0 = Against, 1 = For, 2 = Abstain, as in `GovernorBravo`.
     * - `quorum=bravo` means that only For votes are counted towards quorum.
     * - `quorum=for,abstain` means that both For and Abstain votes are counted towards quorum.
     *
     * If a counting module makes use of encoded `params`, it should  include this under a `params` key with a unique
     * name that describes the behavior. For example:
     *
     * - `params=fractional` might refer to a scheme where votes are divided fractionally between for/against/abstain.
     * - `params=erc721` might refer to a scheme where specific NFTs are delegated to vote.
     *
     * NOTE: The string can be decoded by the standard
     * https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/URLSearchParams[`URLSearchParams`]
     * JavaScript class.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function COUNTING_MODE() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @notice module:core
     * @dev Hashing function used to (re)build the proposal id from the proposal details..
     */
    function hashProposal(
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 descriptionHash
    ) external pure returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice module:core
     * @dev Current state of a proposal, following Compound's convention
     */
    function state(uint256 proposalId) external view returns (ProposalState);

    /**
     * @notice module:core
     * @dev The number of votes required in order for a voter to become a proposer.
     */
    function proposalThreshold() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice module:core
     * @dev Timepoint used to retrieve user's votes and quorum. If using block number (as per Compound's Comp), the
     * snapshot is performed at the end of this block. Hence, voting for this proposal starts at the beginning of the
     * following block.
     */
    function proposalSnapshot(uint256 proposalId) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice module:core
     * @dev Timepoint at which votes close. If using block number, votes close at the end of this block, so it is
     * possible to cast a vote during this block.
     */
    function proposalDeadline(uint256 proposalId) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice module:core
     * @dev The account that created a proposal.
     */
    function proposalProposer(uint256 proposalId) external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @notice module:core
     * @dev The time when a queued proposal becomes executable ("ETA"). Unlike {proposalSnapshot} and
     * {proposalDeadline}, this doesn't use the governor clock, and instead relies on the executor's clock which may be
     * different. In most cases this will be a timestamp.
     */
    function proposalEta(uint256 proposalId) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice module:core
     * @dev Whether a proposal needs to be queued before execution.
     */
    function proposalNeedsQueuing(uint256 proposalId) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @notice module:user-config
     * @dev Delay, between the proposal is created and the vote starts. The unit this duration is expressed in depends
     * on the clock (see EIP-6372) this contract uses.
     *
     * This can be increased to leave time for users to buy voting power, or delegate it, before the voting of a
     * proposal starts.
     *
     * NOTE: While this interface returns a uint256, timepoints are stored as uint48 following the ERC-6372 clock type.
     * Consequently this value must fit in a uint48 (when added to the current clock). See {IERC6372-clock}.
     */
    function votingDelay() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice module:user-config
     * @dev Delay between the vote start and vote end. The unit this duration is expressed in depends on the clock
     * (see EIP-6372) this contract uses.
     *
     * NOTE: The {votingDelay} can delay the start of the vote. This must be considered when setting the voting
     * duration compared to the voting delay.
     *
     * NOTE: This value is stored when the proposal is submitted so that possible changes to the value do not affect
     * proposals that have already been submitted. The type used to save it is a uint32. Consequently, while this
     * interface returns a uint256, the value it returns should fit in a uint32.
     */
    function votingPeriod() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice module:user-config
     * @dev Minimum number of cast voted required for a proposal to be successful.
     *
     * NOTE: The `timepoint` parameter corresponds to the snapshot used for counting vote. This allows to scale the
     * quorum depending on values such as the totalSupply of a token at this timepoint (see {ERC20Votes}).
     */
    function quorum(uint256 timepoint) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice module:reputation
     * @dev Voting power of an `account` at a specific `timepoint`.
     *
     * Note: this can be implemented in a number of ways, for example by reading the delegated balance from one (or
     * multiple), {ERC20Votes} tokens.
     */
    function getVotes(address account, uint256 timepoint) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice module:reputation
     * @dev Voting power of an `account` at a specific `timepoint` given additional encoded parameters.
     */
    function getVotesWithParams(
        address account,
        uint256 timepoint,
        bytes memory params
    ) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice module:voting
     * @dev Returns whether `account` has cast a vote on `proposalId`.
     */
    function hasVoted(uint256 proposalId, address account) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Create a new proposal. Vote start after a delay specified by {IGovernor-votingDelay} and lasts for a
     * duration specified by {IGovernor-votingPeriod}.
     *
     * Emits a {ProposalCreated} event.
     */
    function propose(
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        string memory description
    ) external returns (uint256 proposalId);

    /**
     * @dev Queue a proposal. Some governors require this step to be performed before execution can happen. If queuing
     * is not necessary, this function may revert.
     * Queuing a proposal requires the quorum to be reached, the vote to be successful, and the deadline to be reached.
     *
     * Emits a {ProposalQueued} event.
     */
    function queue(
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 descriptionHash
    ) external returns (uint256 proposalId);

    /**
     * @dev Execute a successful proposal. This requires the quorum to be reached, the vote to be successful, and the
     * deadline to be reached. Depending on the governor it might also be required that the proposal was queued and
     * that some delay passed.
     *
     * Emits a {ProposalExecuted} event.
     *
     * NOTE: Some modules can modify the requirements for execution, for example by adding an additional timelock.
     */
    function execute(
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 descriptionHash
    ) external payable returns (uint256 proposalId);

    /**
     * @dev Cancel a proposal. A proposal is cancellable by the proposer, but only while it is Pending state, i.e.
     * before the vote starts.
     *
     * Emits a {ProposalCanceled} event.
     */
    function cancel(
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 descriptionHash
    ) external returns (uint256 proposalId);

    /**
     * @dev Cast a vote
     *
     * Emits a {VoteCast} event.
     */
    function castVote(uint256 proposalId, uint8 support) external returns (uint256 balance);

    /**
     * @dev Cast a vote with a reason
     *
     * Emits a {VoteCast} event.
     */
    function castVoteWithReason(
        uint256 proposalId,
        uint8 support,
        string calldata reason
    ) external returns (uint256 balance);

    /**
     * @dev Cast a vote with a reason and additional encoded parameters
     *
     * Emits a {VoteCast} or {VoteCastWithParams} event depending on the length of params.
     */
    function castVoteWithReasonAndParams(
        uint256 proposalId,
        uint8 support,
        string calldata reason,
        bytes memory params
    ) external returns (uint256 balance);

    /**
     * @dev Cast a vote using the voter's signature, including ERC-1271 signature support.
     *
     * Emits a {VoteCast} event.
     */
    function castVoteBySig(
        uint256 proposalId,
        uint8 support,
        address voter,
        bytes memory signature
    ) external returns (uint256 balance);

    /**
     * @dev Cast a vote with a reason and additional encoded parameters using the voter's signature,
     * including ERC-1271 signature support.
     *
     * Emits a {VoteCast} or {VoteCastWithParams} event depending on the length of params.
     */
    function castVoteWithReasonAndParamsBySig(
        uint256 proposalId,
        uint8 support,
        address voter,
        string calldata reason,
        bytes memory params,
        bytes memory signature
    ) external returns (uint256 balance);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (governance/TimelockController.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {AccessControl} from "../access/AccessControl.sol";
import {ERC721Holder} from "../token/ERC721/utils/ERC721Holder.sol";
import {ERC1155Holder} from "../token/ERC1155/utils/ERC1155Holder.sol";
import {Address} from "../utils/Address.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module which acts as a timelocked controller. When set as the
 * owner of an `Ownable` smart contract, it enforces a timelock on all
 * `onlyOwner` maintenance operations. This gives time for users of the
 * controlled contract to exit before a potentially dangerous maintenance
 * operation is applied.
 *
 * By default, this contract is self administered, meaning administration tasks
 * have to go through the timelock process. The proposer (resp executor) role
 * is in charge of proposing (resp executing) operations. A common use case is
 * to position this {TimelockController} as the owner of a smart contract, with
 * a multisig or a DAO as the sole proposer.
 */
contract TimelockController is AccessControl, ERC721Holder, ERC1155Holder {
    bytes32 public constant PROPOSER_ROLE = keccak256("PROPOSER_ROLE");
    bytes32 public constant EXECUTOR_ROLE = keccak256("EXECUTOR_ROLE");
    bytes32 public constant CANCELLER_ROLE = keccak256("CANCELLER_ROLE");
    uint256 internal constant _DONE_TIMESTAMP = uint256(1);

    mapping(bytes32 id => uint256) private _timestamps;
    uint256 private _minDelay;

    enum OperationState {
        Unset,
        Waiting,
        Ready,
        Done
    }

    /**
     * @dev Mismatch between the parameters length for an operation call.
     */
    error TimelockInvalidOperationLength(uint256 targets, uint256 payloads, uint256 values);

    /**
     * @dev The schedule operation doesn't meet the minimum delay.
     */
    error TimelockInsufficientDelay(uint256 delay, uint256 minDelay);

    /**
     * @dev The current state of an operation is not as required.
     * The `expectedStates` is a bitmap with the bits enabled for each OperationState enum position
     * counting from right to left.
     *
     * See {_encodeStateBitmap}.
     */
    error TimelockUnexpectedOperationState(bytes32 operationId, bytes32 expectedStates);

    /**
     * @dev The predecessor to an operation not yet done.
     */
    error TimelockUnexecutedPredecessor(bytes32 predecessorId);

    /**
     * @dev The caller account is not authorized.
     */
    error TimelockUnauthorizedCaller(address caller);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when a call is scheduled as part of operation `id`.
     */
    event CallScheduled(
        bytes32 indexed id,
        uint256 indexed index,
        address target,
        uint256 value,
        bytes data,
        bytes32 predecessor,
        uint256 delay
    );

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when a call is performed as part of operation `id`.
     */
    event CallExecuted(bytes32 indexed id, uint256 indexed index, address target, uint256 value, bytes data);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when new proposal is scheduled with non-zero salt.
     */
    event CallSalt(bytes32 indexed id, bytes32 salt);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when operation `id` is cancelled.
     */
    event Cancelled(bytes32 indexed id);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the minimum delay for future operations is modified.
     */
    event MinDelayChange(uint256 oldDuration, uint256 newDuration);

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract with the following parameters:
     *
     * - `minDelay`: initial minimum delay in seconds for operations
     * - `proposers`: accounts to be granted proposer and canceller roles
     * - `executors`: accounts to be granted executor role
     * - `admin`: optional account to be granted admin role; disable with zero address
     *
     * IMPORTANT: The optional admin can aid with initial configuration of roles after deployment
     * without being subject to delay, but this role should be subsequently renounced in favor of
     * administration through timelocked proposals. Previous versions of this contract would assign
     * this admin to the deployer automatically and should be renounced as well.
     */
    constructor(uint256 minDelay, address[] memory proposers, address[] memory executors, address admin) {
        // self administration
        _grantRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE, address(this));

        // optional admin
        if (admin != address(0)) {
            _grantRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE, admin);
        }

        // register proposers and cancellers
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < proposers.length; ++i) {
            _grantRole(PROPOSER_ROLE, proposers[i]);
            _grantRole(CANCELLER_ROLE, proposers[i]);
        }

        // register executors
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < executors.length; ++i) {
            _grantRole(EXECUTOR_ROLE, executors[i]);
        }

        _minDelay = minDelay;
        emit MinDelayChange(0, minDelay);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to make a function callable only by a certain role. In
     * addition to checking the sender's role, `address(0)` 's role is also
     * considered. Granting a role to `address(0)` is equivalent to enabling
     * this role for everyone.
     */
    modifier onlyRoleOrOpenRole(bytes32 role) {
        if (!hasRole(role, address(0))) {
            _checkRole(role, _msgSender());
        }
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Contract might receive/hold ETH as part of the maintenance process.
     */
    receive() external payable {}

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(
        bytes4 interfaceId
    ) public view virtual override(AccessControl, ERC1155Holder) returns (bool) {
        return super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether an id corresponds to a registered operation. This
     * includes both Waiting, Ready, and Done operations.
     */
    function isOperation(bytes32 id) public view returns (bool) {
        return getOperationState(id) != OperationState.Unset;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether an operation is pending or not. Note that a "pending" operation may also be "ready".
     */
    function isOperationPending(bytes32 id) public view returns (bool) {
        OperationState state = getOperationState(id);
        return state == OperationState.Waiting || state == OperationState.Ready;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether an operation is ready for execution. Note that a "ready" operation is also "pending".
     */
    function isOperationReady(bytes32 id) public view returns (bool) {
        return getOperationState(id) == OperationState.Ready;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether an operation is done or not.
     */
    function isOperationDone(bytes32 id) public view returns (bool) {
        return getOperationState(id) == OperationState.Done;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the timestamp at which an operation becomes ready (0 for
     * unset operations, 1 for done operations).
     */
    function getTimestamp(bytes32 id) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _timestamps[id];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns operation state.
     */
    function getOperationState(bytes32 id) public view virtual returns (OperationState) {
        uint256 timestamp = getTimestamp(id);
        if (timestamp == 0) {
            return OperationState.Unset;
        } else if (timestamp == _DONE_TIMESTAMP) {
            return OperationState.Done;
        } else if (timestamp > block.timestamp) {
            return OperationState.Waiting;
        } else {
            return OperationState.Ready;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the minimum delay in seconds for an operation to become valid.
     *
     * This value can be changed by executing an operation that calls `updateDelay`.
     */
    function getMinDelay() public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _minDelay;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the identifier of an operation containing a single
     * transaction.
     */
    function hashOperation(
        address target,
        uint256 value,
        bytes calldata data,
        bytes32 predecessor,
        bytes32 salt
    ) public pure virtual returns (bytes32) {
        return keccak256(abi.encode(target, value, data, predecessor, salt));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the identifier of an operation containing a batch of
     * transactions.
     */
    function hashOperationBatch(
        address[] calldata targets,
        uint256[] calldata values,
        bytes[] calldata payloads,
        bytes32 predecessor,
        bytes32 salt
    ) public pure virtual returns (bytes32) {
        return keccak256(abi.encode(targets, values, payloads, predecessor, salt));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Schedule an operation containing a single transaction.
     *
     * Emits {CallSalt} if salt is nonzero, and {CallScheduled}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have the 'proposer' role.
     */
    function schedule(
        address target,
        uint256 value,
        bytes calldata data,
        bytes32 predecessor,
        bytes32 salt,
        uint256 delay
    ) public virtual onlyRole(PROPOSER_ROLE) {
        bytes32 id = hashOperation(target, value, data, predecessor, salt);
        _schedule(id, delay);
        emit CallScheduled(id, 0, target, value, data, predecessor, delay);
        if (salt != bytes32(0)) {
            emit CallSalt(id, salt);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Schedule an operation containing a batch of transactions.
     *
     * Emits {CallSalt} if salt is nonzero, and one {CallScheduled} event per transaction in the batch.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have the 'proposer' role.
     */
    function scheduleBatch(
        address[] calldata targets,
        uint256[] calldata values,
        bytes[] calldata payloads,
        bytes32 predecessor,
        bytes32 salt,
        uint256 delay
    ) public virtual onlyRole(PROPOSER_ROLE) {
        if (targets.length != values.length || targets.length != payloads.length) {
            revert TimelockInvalidOperationLength(targets.length, payloads.length, values.length);
        }

        bytes32 id = hashOperationBatch(targets, values, payloads, predecessor, salt);
        _schedule(id, delay);
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < targets.length; ++i) {
            emit CallScheduled(id, i, targets[i], values[i], payloads[i], predecessor, delay);
        }
        if (salt != bytes32(0)) {
            emit CallSalt(id, salt);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Schedule an operation that is to become valid after a given delay.
     */
    function _schedule(bytes32 id, uint256 delay) private {
        if (isOperation(id)) {
            revert TimelockUnexpectedOperationState(id, _encodeStateBitmap(OperationState.Unset));
        }
        uint256 minDelay = getMinDelay();
        if (delay < minDelay) {
            revert TimelockInsufficientDelay(delay, minDelay);
        }
        _timestamps[id] = block.timestamp + delay;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Cancel an operation.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have the 'canceller' role.
     */
    function cancel(bytes32 id) public virtual onlyRole(CANCELLER_ROLE) {
        if (!isOperationPending(id)) {
            revert TimelockUnexpectedOperationState(
                id,
                _encodeStateBitmap(OperationState.Waiting) | _encodeStateBitmap(OperationState.Ready)
            );
        }
        delete _timestamps[id];

        emit Cancelled(id);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Execute an (ready) operation containing a single transaction.
     *
     * Emits a {CallExecuted} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have the 'executor' role.
     */
    // This function can reenter, but it doesn't pose a risk because _afterCall checks that the proposal is pending,
    // thus any modifications to the operation during reentrancy should be caught.
    // slither-disable-next-line reentrancy-eth
    function execute(
        address target,
        uint256 value,
        bytes calldata payload,
        bytes32 predecessor,
        bytes32 salt
    ) public payable virtual onlyRoleOrOpenRole(EXECUTOR_ROLE) {
        bytes32 id = hashOperation(target, value, payload, predecessor, salt);

        _beforeCall(id, predecessor);
        _execute(target, value, payload);
        emit CallExecuted(id, 0, target, value, payload);
        _afterCall(id);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Execute an (ready) operation containing a batch of transactions.
     *
     * Emits one {CallExecuted} event per transaction in the batch.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must have the 'executor' role.
     */
    // This function can reenter, but it doesn't pose a risk because _afterCall checks that the proposal is pending,
    // thus any modifications to the operation during reentrancy should be caught.
    // slither-disable-next-line reentrancy-eth
    function executeBatch(
        address[] calldata targets,
        uint256[] calldata values,
        bytes[] calldata payloads,
        bytes32 predecessor,
        bytes32 salt
    ) public payable virtual onlyRoleOrOpenRole(EXECUTOR_ROLE) {
        if (targets.length != values.length || targets.length != payloads.length) {
            revert TimelockInvalidOperationLength(targets.length, payloads.length, values.length);
        }

        bytes32 id = hashOperationBatch(targets, values, payloads, predecessor, salt);

        _beforeCall(id, predecessor);
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < targets.length; ++i) {
            address target = targets[i];
            uint256 value = values[i];
            bytes calldata payload = payloads[i];
            _execute(target, value, payload);
            emit CallExecuted(id, i, target, value, payload);
        }
        _afterCall(id);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Execute an operation's call.
     */
    function _execute(address target, uint256 value, bytes calldata data) internal virtual {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
        Address.verifyCallResult(success, returndata);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Checks before execution of an operation's calls.
     */
    function _beforeCall(bytes32 id, bytes32 predecessor) private view {
        if (!isOperationReady(id)) {
            revert TimelockUnexpectedOperationState(id, _encodeStateBitmap(OperationState.Ready));
        }
        if (predecessor != bytes32(0) && !isOperationDone(predecessor)) {
            revert TimelockUnexecutedPredecessor(predecessor);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Checks after execution of an operation's calls.
     */
    function _afterCall(bytes32 id) private {
        if (!isOperationReady(id)) {
            revert TimelockUnexpectedOperationState(id, _encodeStateBitmap(OperationState.Ready));
        }
        _timestamps[id] = _DONE_TIMESTAMP;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Changes the minimum timelock duration for future operations.
     *
     * Emits a {MinDelayChange} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must be the timelock itself. This can only be achieved by scheduling and later executing
     * an operation where the timelock is the target and the data is the ABI-encoded call to this function.
     */
    function updateDelay(uint256 newDelay) external virtual {
        address sender = _msgSender();
        if (sender != address(this)) {
            revert TimelockUnauthorizedCaller(sender);
        }
        emit MinDelayChange(_minDelay, newDelay);
        _minDelay = newDelay;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Encodes a `OperationState` into a `bytes32` representation where each bit enabled corresponds to
     * the underlying position in the `OperationState` enum. For example:
     *
     * 0x000...1000
     *   ^^^^^^----- ...
     *         ^---- Done
     *          ^--- Ready
     *           ^-- Waiting
     *            ^- Unset
     */
    function _encodeStateBitmap(OperationState operationState) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return bytes32(1 << uint8(operationState));
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (governance/extensions/GovernorCountingSimple.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Governor} from "../Governor.sol";

/**
 * @dev Extension of {Governor} for simple, 3 options, vote counting.
 */
abstract contract GovernorCountingSimple is Governor {
    /**
     * @dev Supported vote types. Matches Governor Bravo ordering.
     */
    enum VoteType {
        Against,
        For,
        Abstain
    }

    struct ProposalVote {
        uint256 againstVotes;
        uint256 forVotes;
        uint256 abstainVotes;
        mapping(address voter => bool) hasVoted;
    }

    mapping(uint256 proposalId => ProposalVote) private _proposalVotes;

    /**
     * @dev See {IGovernor-COUNTING_MODE}.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function COUNTING_MODE() public pure virtual override returns (string memory) {
        return "support=bravo&quorum=for,abstain";
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IGovernor-hasVoted}.
     */
    function hasVoted(uint256 proposalId, address account) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return _proposalVotes[proposalId].hasVoted[account];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Accessor to the internal vote counts.
     */
    function proposalVotes(
        uint256 proposalId
    ) public view virtual returns (uint256 againstVotes, uint256 forVotes, uint256 abstainVotes) {
        ProposalVote storage proposalVote = _proposalVotes[proposalId];
        return (proposalVote.againstVotes, proposalVote.forVotes, proposalVote.abstainVotes);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {Governor-_quorumReached}.
     */
    function _quorumReached(uint256 proposalId) internal view virtual override returns (bool) {
        ProposalVote storage proposalVote = _proposalVotes[proposalId];

        return quorum(proposalSnapshot(proposalId)) <= proposalVote.forVotes + proposalVote.abstainVotes;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {Governor-_voteSucceeded}. In this module, the forVotes must be strictly over the againstVotes.
     */
    function _voteSucceeded(uint256 proposalId) internal view virtual override returns (bool) {
        ProposalVote storage proposalVote = _proposalVotes[proposalId];

        return proposalVote.forVotes > proposalVote.againstVotes;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {Governor-_countVote}. In this module, the support follows the `VoteType` enum (from Governor Bravo).
     */
    function _countVote(
        uint256 proposalId,
        address account,
        uint8 support,
        uint256 weight,
        bytes memory // params
    ) internal virtual override {
        ProposalVote storage proposalVote = _proposalVotes[proposalId];

        if (proposalVote.hasVoted[account]) {
            revert GovernorAlreadyCastVote(account);
        }
        proposalVote.hasVoted[account] = true;

        if (support == uint8(VoteType.Against)) {
            proposalVote.againstVotes += weight;
        } else if (support == uint8(VoteType.For)) {
            proposalVote.forVotes += weight;
        } else if (support == uint8(VoteType.Abstain)) {
            proposalVote.abstainVotes += weight;
        } else {
            revert GovernorInvalidVoteType();
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (governance/extensions/GovernorPreventLateQuorum.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Governor} from "../Governor.sol";
import {Math} from "../../utils/math/Math.sol";

/**
 * @dev A module that ensures there is a minimum voting period after quorum is reached. This prevents a large voter from
 * swaying a vote and triggering quorum at the last minute, by ensuring there is always time for other voters to react
 * and try to oppose the decision.
 *
 * If a vote causes quorum to be reached, the proposal's voting period may be extended so that it does not end before at
 * least a specified time has passed (the "vote extension" parameter). This parameter can be set through a governance
 * proposal.
 */
abstract contract GovernorPreventLateQuorum is Governor {
    uint48 private _voteExtension;

    mapping(uint256 proposalId => uint48) private _extendedDeadlines;

    /// @dev Emitted when a proposal deadline is pushed back due to reaching quorum late in its voting period.
    event ProposalExtended(uint256 indexed proposalId, uint64 extendedDeadline);

    /// @dev Emitted when the {lateQuorumVoteExtension} parameter is changed.
    event LateQuorumVoteExtensionSet(uint64 oldVoteExtension, uint64 newVoteExtension);

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the vote extension parameter: the time in either number of blocks or seconds (depending on the
     * governor clock mode) that is required to pass since the moment a proposal reaches quorum until its voting period
     * ends. If necessary the voting period will be extended beyond the one set during proposal creation.
     */
    constructor(uint48 initialVoteExtension) {
        _setLateQuorumVoteExtension(initialVoteExtension);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the proposal deadline, which may have been extended beyond that set at proposal creation, if the
     * proposal reached quorum late in the voting period. See {Governor-proposalDeadline}.
     */
    function proposalDeadline(uint256 proposalId) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        return Math.max(super.proposalDeadline(proposalId), _extendedDeadlines[proposalId]);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Casts a vote and detects if it caused quorum to be reached, potentially extending the voting period. See
     * {Governor-_castVote}.
     *
     * May emit a {ProposalExtended} event.
     */
    function _castVote(
        uint256 proposalId,
        address account,
        uint8 support,
        string memory reason,
        bytes memory params
    ) internal virtual override returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = super._castVote(proposalId, account, support, reason, params);

        if (_extendedDeadlines[proposalId] == 0 && _quorumReached(proposalId)) {
            uint48 extendedDeadline = clock() + lateQuorumVoteExtension();

            if (extendedDeadline > proposalDeadline(proposalId)) {
                emit ProposalExtended(proposalId, extendedDeadline);
            }

            _extendedDeadlines[proposalId] = extendedDeadline;
        }

        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current value of the vote extension parameter: the number of blocks that are required to pass
     * from the time a proposal reaches quorum until its voting period ends.
     */
    function lateQuorumVoteExtension() public view virtual returns (uint48) {
        return _voteExtension;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Changes the {lateQuorumVoteExtension}. This operation can only be performed by the governance executor,
     * generally through a governance proposal.
     *
     * Emits a {LateQuorumVoteExtensionSet} event.
     */
    function setLateQuorumVoteExtension(uint48 newVoteExtension) public virtual onlyGovernance {
        _setLateQuorumVoteExtension(newVoteExtension);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Changes the {lateQuorumVoteExtension}. This is an internal function that can be exposed in a public function
     * like {setLateQuorumVoteExtension} if another access control mechanism is needed.
     *
     * Emits a {LateQuorumVoteExtensionSet} event.
     */
    function _setLateQuorumVoteExtension(uint48 newVoteExtension) internal virtual {
        emit LateQuorumVoteExtensionSet(_voteExtension, newVoteExtension);
        _voteExtension = newVoteExtension;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (governance/extensions/GovernorSettings.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Governor} from "../Governor.sol";

/**
 * @dev Extension of {Governor} for settings updatable through governance.
 */
abstract contract GovernorSettings is Governor {
    // amount of token
    uint256 private _proposalThreshold;
    // timepoint: limited to uint48 in core (same as clock() type)
    uint48 private _votingDelay;
    // duration: limited to uint32 in core
    uint32 private _votingPeriod;

    event VotingDelaySet(uint256 oldVotingDelay, uint256 newVotingDelay);
    event VotingPeriodSet(uint256 oldVotingPeriod, uint256 newVotingPeriod);
    event ProposalThresholdSet(uint256 oldProposalThreshold, uint256 newProposalThreshold);

    /**
     * @dev Initialize the governance parameters.
     */
    constructor(uint48 initialVotingDelay, uint32 initialVotingPeriod, uint256 initialProposalThreshold) {
        _setVotingDelay(initialVotingDelay);
        _setVotingPeriod(initialVotingPeriod);
        _setProposalThreshold(initialProposalThreshold);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IGovernor-votingDelay}.
     */
    function votingDelay() public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        return _votingDelay;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IGovernor-votingPeriod}.
     */
    function votingPeriod() public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        return _votingPeriod;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {Governor-proposalThreshold}.
     */
    function proposalThreshold() public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        return _proposalThreshold;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Update the voting delay. This operation can only be performed through a governance proposal.
     *
     * Emits a {VotingDelaySet} event.
     */
    function setVotingDelay(uint48 newVotingDelay) public virtual onlyGovernance {
        _setVotingDelay(newVotingDelay);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Update the voting period. This operation can only be performed through a governance proposal.
     *
     * Emits a {VotingPeriodSet} event.
     */
    function setVotingPeriod(uint32 newVotingPeriod) public virtual onlyGovernance {
        _setVotingPeriod(newVotingPeriod);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Update the proposal threshold. This operation can only be performed through a governance proposal.
     *
     * Emits a {ProposalThresholdSet} event.
     */
    function setProposalThreshold(uint256 newProposalThreshold) public virtual onlyGovernance {
        _setProposalThreshold(newProposalThreshold);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal setter for the voting delay.
     *
     * Emits a {VotingDelaySet} event.
     */
    function _setVotingDelay(uint48 newVotingDelay) internal virtual {
        emit VotingDelaySet(_votingDelay, newVotingDelay);
        _votingDelay = newVotingDelay;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal setter for the voting period.
     *
     * Emits a {VotingPeriodSet} event.
     */
    function _setVotingPeriod(uint32 newVotingPeriod) internal virtual {
        if (newVotingPeriod == 0) {
            revert GovernorInvalidVotingPeriod(0);
        }
        emit VotingPeriodSet(_votingPeriod, newVotingPeriod);
        _votingPeriod = newVotingPeriod;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal setter for the proposal threshold.
     *
     * Emits a {ProposalThresholdSet} event.
     */
    function _setProposalThreshold(uint256 newProposalThreshold) internal virtual {
        emit ProposalThresholdSet(_proposalThreshold, newProposalThreshold);
        _proposalThreshold = newProposalThreshold;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Governor} from "../Governor.sol";

/**
 * @dev Extension of {Governor} that implements storage of proposal details. This modules also provides primitives for
 * the enumerability of proposals.
 *
 * Use cases for this module include:
 * - UIs that explore the proposal state without relying on event indexing.
 * - Using only the proposalId as an argument in the {Governor-queue} and {Governor-execute} functions for L2 chains
 *   where storage is cheap compared to calldata.
 */
abstract contract GovernorStorage is Governor {
    struct ProposalDetails {
        address[] targets;
        uint256[] values;
        bytes[] calldatas;
        bytes32 descriptionHash;
    }

    uint256[] private _proposalIds;
    mapping(uint256 proposalId => ProposalDetails) private _proposalDetails;

    /**
     * @dev Hook into the proposing mechanism
     */
    function _propose(
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        string memory description,
        address proposer
    ) internal virtual override returns (uint256) {
        uint256 proposalId = super._propose(targets, values, calldatas, description, proposer);

        // store
        _proposalIds.push(proposalId);
        _proposalDetails[proposalId] = ProposalDetails({
            targets: targets,
            values: values,
            calldatas: calldatas,
            descriptionHash: keccak256(bytes(description))
        });

        return proposalId;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Version of {IGovernorTimelock-queue} with only `proposalId` as an argument.
     */
    function queue(uint256 proposalId) public virtual {
        // here, using storage is more efficient than memory
        ProposalDetails storage details = _proposalDetails[proposalId];
        queue(details.targets, details.values, details.calldatas, details.descriptionHash);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Version of {IGovernor-execute} with only `proposalId` as an argument.
     */
    function execute(uint256 proposalId) public payable virtual {
        // here, using storage is more efficient than memory
        ProposalDetails storage details = _proposalDetails[proposalId];
        execute(details.targets, details.values, details.calldatas, details.descriptionHash);
    }

    /**
     * @dev ProposalId version of {IGovernor-cancel}.
     */
    function cancel(uint256 proposalId) public virtual {
        // here, using storage is more efficient than memory
        ProposalDetails storage details = _proposalDetails[proposalId];
        cancel(details.targets, details.values, details.calldatas, details.descriptionHash);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of stored proposals.
     */
    function proposalCount() public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _proposalIds.length;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the details of a proposalId. Reverts if `proposalId` is not a known proposal.
     */
    function proposalDetails(
        uint256 proposalId
    ) public view virtual returns (address[] memory, uint256[] memory, bytes[] memory, bytes32) {
        // here, using memory is more efficient than storage
        ProposalDetails memory details = _proposalDetails[proposalId];
        if (details.descriptionHash == 0) {
            revert GovernorNonexistentProposal(proposalId);
        }
        return (details.targets, details.values, details.calldatas, details.descriptionHash);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the details (including the proposalId) of a proposal given its sequential index.
     */
    function proposalDetailsAt(
        uint256 index
    ) public view virtual returns (uint256, address[] memory, uint256[] memory, bytes[] memory, bytes32) {
        uint256 proposalId = _proposalIds[index];
        (
            address[] memory targets,
            uint256[] memory values,
            bytes[] memory calldatas,
            bytes32 descriptionHash
        ) = proposalDetails(proposalId);
        return (proposalId, targets, values, calldatas, descriptionHash);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Governor} from "../Governor.sol";
import {AuthorityUtils} from "../../access/manager/AuthorityUtils.sol";
import {IAccessManager} from "../../access/manager/IAccessManager.sol";
import {Address} from "../../utils/Address.sol";
import {Math} from "../../utils/math/Math.sol";
import {SafeCast} from "../../utils/math/SafeCast.sol";
import {Time} from "../../utils/types/Time.sol";

/**
 * @dev This module connects a {Governor} instance to an {AccessManager} instance, allowing the governor to make calls
 * that are delay-restricted by the manager using the normal {queue} workflow. An optional base delay is applied to
 * operations that are not delayed externally by the manager. Execution of a proposal will be delayed as much as
 * necessary to meet the required delays of all of its operations.
 *
 * This extension allows the governor to hold and use its own assets and permissions, unlike {GovernorTimelockControl}
 * and {GovernorTimelockCompound}, where the timelock is a separate contract that must be the one to hold assets and
 * permissions. Operations that are delay-restricted by the manager, however, will be executed through the
 * {AccessManager-execute} function.
 *
 * ==== Security Considerations
 *
 * Some operations may be cancelable in the `AccessManager` by the admin or a set of guardians, depending on the
 * restricted function being invoked. Since proposals are atomic, the cancellation by a guardian of a single operation
 * in a proposal will cause all of the proposal to become unable to execute. Consider proposing cancellable operations
 * separately.
 *
 * By default, function calls will be routed through the associated `AccessManager` whenever it claims the target
 * function to be restricted by it. However, admins may configure the manager to make that claim for functions that a
 * governor would want to call directly (e.g., token transfers) in an attempt to deny it access to those functions. To
 * mitigate this attack vector, the governor is able to ignore the restrictions claimed by the `AccessManager` using
 * {setAccessManagerIgnored}. While permanent denial of service is mitigated, temporary DoS may still be technically
 * possible. All of the governor's own functions (e.g., {setBaseDelaySeconds}) ignore the `AccessManager` by default.
 */
abstract contract GovernorTimelockAccess is Governor {
    // An execution plan is produced at the moment a proposal is created, in order to fix at that point the exact
    // execution semantics of the proposal, namely whether a call will go through {AccessManager-execute}.
    struct ExecutionPlan {
        uint16 length;
        uint32 delay;
        // We use mappings instead of arrays because it allows us to pack values in storage more tightly without
        // storing the length redundantly.
        // We pack 8 operations' data in each bucket. Each uint32 value is set to 1 upon proposal creation if it has
        // to be scheduled and executed through the manager. Upon queuing, the value is set to nonce + 2, where the
        // nonce is received from the manager when scheduling the operation.
        mapping(uint256 operationBucket => uint32[8]) managerData;
    }

    // The meaning of the "toggle" set to true depends on the target contract.
    // If target == address(this), the manager is ignored by default, and a true toggle means it won't be ignored.
    // For all other target contracts, the manager is used by default, and a true toggle means it will be ignored.
    mapping(address target => mapping(bytes4 selector => bool)) private _ignoreToggle;

    mapping(uint256 proposalId => ExecutionPlan) private _executionPlan;

    uint32 private _baseDelay;

    IAccessManager private immutable _manager;

    error GovernorUnmetDelay(uint256 proposalId, uint256 neededTimestamp);
    error GovernorMismatchedNonce(uint256 proposalId, uint256 expectedNonce, uint256 actualNonce);
    error GovernorLockedIgnore();

    event BaseDelaySet(uint32 oldBaseDelaySeconds, uint32 newBaseDelaySeconds);
    event AccessManagerIgnoredSet(address target, bytes4 selector, bool ignored);

    /**
     * @dev Initialize the governor with an {AccessManager} and initial base delay.
     */
    constructor(address manager, uint32 initialBaseDelay) {
        _manager = IAccessManager(manager);
        _setBaseDelaySeconds(initialBaseDelay);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the {AccessManager} instance associated to this governor.
     */
    function accessManager() public view virtual returns (IAccessManager) {
        return _manager;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Base delay that will be applied to all function calls. Some may be further delayed by their associated
     * `AccessManager` authority; in this case the final delay will be the maximum of the base delay and the one
     * demanded by the authority.
     *
     * NOTE: Execution delays are processed by the `AccessManager` contracts, and according to that contract are
     * expressed in seconds. Therefore, the base delay is also in seconds, regardless of the governor's clock mode.
     */
    function baseDelaySeconds() public view virtual returns (uint32) {
        return _baseDelay;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Change the value of {baseDelaySeconds}. This operation can only be invoked through a governance proposal.
     */
    function setBaseDelaySeconds(uint32 newBaseDelay) public virtual onlyGovernance {
        _setBaseDelaySeconds(newBaseDelay);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Change the value of {baseDelaySeconds}. Internal function without access control.
     */
    function _setBaseDelaySeconds(uint32 newBaseDelay) internal virtual {
        emit BaseDelaySet(_baseDelay, newBaseDelay);
        _baseDelay = newBaseDelay;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Check if restrictions from the associated {AccessManager} are ignored for a target function. Returns true
     * when the target function will be invoked directly regardless of `AccessManager` settings for the function.
     * See {setAccessManagerIgnored} and Security Considerations above.
     */
    function isAccessManagerIgnored(address target, bytes4 selector) public view virtual returns (bool) {
        bool isGovernor = target == address(this);
        return _ignoreToggle[target][selector] != isGovernor; // equivalent to: isGovernor ? !toggle : toggle
    }

    /**
     * @dev Configure whether restrictions from the associated {AccessManager} are ignored for a target function.
     * See Security Considerations above.
     */
    function setAccessManagerIgnored(
        address target,
        bytes4[] calldata selectors,
        bool ignored
    ) public virtual onlyGovernance {
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < selectors.length; ++i) {
            _setAccessManagerIgnored(target, selectors[i], ignored);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal version of {setAccessManagerIgnored} without access restriction.
     */
    function _setAccessManagerIgnored(address target, bytes4 selector, bool ignored) internal virtual {
        bool isGovernor = target == address(this);
        if (isGovernor && selector == this.setAccessManagerIgnored.selector) {
            revert GovernorLockedIgnore();
        }
        _ignoreToggle[target][selector] = ignored != isGovernor; // equivalent to: isGovernor ? !ignored : ignored
        emit AccessManagerIgnoredSet(target, selector, ignored);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Public accessor to check the execution plan, including the number of seconds that the proposal will be
     * delayed since queuing, an array indicating which of the proposal actions will be executed indirectly through
     * the associated {AccessManager}, and another indicating which will be scheduled in {queue}. Note that
     * those that must be scheduled are cancellable by `AccessManager` guardians.
     */
    function proposalExecutionPlan(
        uint256 proposalId
    ) public view returns (uint32 delay, bool[] memory indirect, bool[] memory withDelay) {
        ExecutionPlan storage plan = _executionPlan[proposalId];

        uint32 length = plan.length;
        delay = plan.delay;
        indirect = new bool[](length);
        withDelay = new bool[](length);
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
            (indirect[i], withDelay[i], ) = _getManagerData(plan, i);
        }

        return (delay, indirect, withDelay);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IGovernor-proposalNeedsQueuing}.
     */
    function proposalNeedsQueuing(uint256 proposalId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return _executionPlan[proposalId].delay > 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IGovernor-propose}
     */
    function propose(
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        string memory description
    ) public virtual override returns (uint256) {
        uint256 proposalId = super.propose(targets, values, calldatas, description);

        uint32 neededDelay = baseDelaySeconds();

        ExecutionPlan storage plan = _executionPlan[proposalId];
        plan.length = SafeCast.toUint16(targets.length);

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < targets.length; ++i) {
            address target = targets[i];
            bytes4 selector = bytes4(calldatas[i]);
            (bool immediate, uint32 delay) = AuthorityUtils.canCallWithDelay(
                address(_manager),
                address(this),
                target,
                selector
            );
            if ((immediate || delay > 0) && !isAccessManagerIgnored(target, selector)) {
                _setManagerData(plan, i, !immediate, 0);
                // downcast is safe because both arguments are uint32
                neededDelay = uint32(Math.max(delay, neededDelay));
            }
        }

        plan.delay = neededDelay;

        return proposalId;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Mechanism to queue a proposal, potentially scheduling some of its operations in the AccessManager.
     *
     * NOTE: The execution delay is chosen based on the delay information retrieved in {propose}. This value may be
     * off if the delay was updated since proposal creation. In this case, the proposal needs to be recreated.
     */
    function _queueOperations(
        uint256 proposalId,
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory /* values */,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 /* descriptionHash */
    ) internal virtual override returns (uint48) {
        ExecutionPlan storage plan = _executionPlan[proposalId];
        uint48 etaSeconds = Time.timestamp() + plan.delay;

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < targets.length; ++i) {
            (, bool withDelay, ) = _getManagerData(plan, i);
            if (withDelay) {
                (, uint32 nonce) = _manager.schedule(targets[i], calldatas[i], etaSeconds);
                _setManagerData(plan, i, true, nonce);
            }
        }

        return etaSeconds;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Mechanism to execute a proposal, potentially going through {AccessManager-execute} for delayed operations.
     */
    function _executeOperations(
        uint256 proposalId,
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 /* descriptionHash */
    ) internal virtual override {
        uint48 etaSeconds = SafeCast.toUint48(proposalEta(proposalId));
        if (block.timestamp < etaSeconds) {
            revert GovernorUnmetDelay(proposalId, etaSeconds);
        }

        ExecutionPlan storage plan = _executionPlan[proposalId];

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < targets.length; ++i) {
            (bool controlled, bool withDelay, uint32 nonce) = _getManagerData(plan, i);
            if (controlled) {
                uint32 executedNonce = _manager.execute{value: values[i]}(targets[i], calldatas[i]);
                if (withDelay && executedNonce != nonce) {
                    revert GovernorMismatchedNonce(proposalId, nonce, executedNonce);
                }
            } else {
                (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = targets[i].call{value: values[i]}(calldatas[i]);
                Address.verifyCallResult(success, returndata);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IGovernor-_cancel}
     */
    function _cancel(
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 descriptionHash
    ) internal virtual override returns (uint256) {
        uint256 proposalId = super._cancel(targets, values, calldatas, descriptionHash);

        uint48 etaSeconds = SafeCast.toUint48(proposalEta(proposalId));

        ExecutionPlan storage plan = _executionPlan[proposalId];

        // If the proposal has been scheduled it will have an ETA and we may have to externally cancel
        if (etaSeconds != 0) {
            for (uint256 i = 0; i < targets.length; ++i) {
                (, bool withDelay, uint32 nonce) = _getManagerData(plan, i);
                // Only attempt to cancel if the execution plan included a delay
                if (withDelay) {
                    bytes32 operationId = _manager.hashOperation(address(this), targets[i], calldatas[i]);
                    // Check first if the current operation nonce is the one that we observed previously. It could
                    // already have been cancelled and rescheduled. We don't want to cancel unless it is exactly the
                    // instance that we previously scheduled.
                    if (nonce == _manager.getNonce(operationId)) {
                        // It is important that all calls have an opportunity to be cancelled. We chose to ignore
                        // potential failures of some of the cancel operations to give the other operations a chance to
                        // be properly cancelled. In particular cancel might fail if the operation was already cancelled
                        // by guardians previously. We don't match on the revert reason to avoid encoding assumptions
                        // about specific errors.
                        try _manager.cancel(address(this), targets[i], calldatas[i]) {} catch {}
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        return proposalId;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether the operation at an index is delayed by the manager, and its scheduling nonce once queued.
     */
    function _getManagerData(
        ExecutionPlan storage plan,
        uint256 index
    ) private view returns (bool controlled, bool withDelay, uint32 nonce) {
        (uint256 bucket, uint256 subindex) = _getManagerDataIndices(index);
        uint32 value = plan.managerData[bucket][subindex];
        unchecked {
            return (value > 0, value > 1, value > 1 ? value - 2 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Marks an operation at an index as permissioned by the manager, potentially delayed, and
     * when delayed sets its scheduling nonce.
     */
    function _setManagerData(ExecutionPlan storage plan, uint256 index, bool withDelay, uint32 nonce) private {
        (uint256 bucket, uint256 subindex) = _getManagerDataIndices(index);
        plan.managerData[bucket][subindex] = withDelay ? nonce + 2 : 1;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns bucket and subindex for reading manager data from the packed array mapping.
     */
    function _getManagerDataIndices(uint256 index) private pure returns (uint256 bucket, uint256 subindex) {
        bucket = index >> 3; // index / 8
        subindex = index & 7; // index % 8
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (governance/extensions/GovernorTimelockCompound.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IGovernor, Governor} from "../Governor.sol";
import {ICompoundTimelock} from "../../vendor/compound/ICompoundTimelock.sol";
import {Address} from "../../utils/Address.sol";
import {SafeCast} from "../../utils/math/SafeCast.sol";

/**
 * @dev Extension of {Governor} that binds the execution process to a Compound Timelock. This adds a delay, enforced by
 * the external timelock to all successful proposal (in addition to the voting duration). The {Governor} needs to be
 * the admin of the timelock for any operation to be performed. A public, unrestricted,
 * {GovernorTimelockCompound-__acceptAdmin} is available to accept ownership of the timelock.
 *
 * Using this model means the proposal will be operated by the {TimelockController} and not by the {Governor}. Thus,
 * the assets and permissions must be attached to the {TimelockController}. Any asset sent to the {Governor} will be
 * inaccessible.
 */
abstract contract GovernorTimelockCompound is Governor {
    ICompoundTimelock private _timelock;

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the timelock controller used for proposal execution is modified.
     */
    event TimelockChange(address oldTimelock, address newTimelock);

    /**
     * @dev Set the timelock.
     */
    constructor(ICompoundTimelock timelockAddress) {
        _updateTimelock(timelockAddress);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overridden version of the {Governor-state} function with added support for the `Expired` state.
     */
    function state(uint256 proposalId) public view virtual override returns (ProposalState) {
        ProposalState currentState = super.state(proposalId);

        return
            (currentState == ProposalState.Queued &&
                block.timestamp >= proposalEta(proposalId) + _timelock.GRACE_PERIOD())
                ? ProposalState.Expired
                : currentState;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Public accessor to check the address of the timelock
     */
    function timelock() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return address(_timelock);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IGovernor-proposalNeedsQueuing}.
     */
    function proposalNeedsQueuing(uint256) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Function to queue a proposal to the timelock.
     */
    function _queueOperations(
        uint256 proposalId,
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 /*descriptionHash*/
    ) internal virtual override returns (uint48) {
        uint48 etaSeconds = SafeCast.toUint48(block.timestamp + _timelock.delay());

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < targets.length; ++i) {
            if (
                _timelock.queuedTransactions(keccak256(abi.encode(targets[i], values[i], "", calldatas[i], etaSeconds)))
            ) {
                revert GovernorAlreadyQueuedProposal(proposalId);
            }
            _timelock.queueTransaction(targets[i], values[i], "", calldatas[i], etaSeconds);
        }

        return etaSeconds;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overridden version of the {Governor-_executeOperations} function that run the already queued proposal
     * through the timelock.
     */
    function _executeOperations(
        uint256 proposalId,
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 /*descriptionHash*/
    ) internal virtual override {
        uint256 etaSeconds = proposalEta(proposalId);
        if (etaSeconds == 0) {
            revert GovernorNotQueuedProposal(proposalId);
        }
        Address.sendValue(payable(_timelock), msg.value);
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < targets.length; ++i) {
            _timelock.executeTransaction(targets[i], values[i], "", calldatas[i], etaSeconds);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overridden version of the {Governor-_cancel} function to cancel the timelocked proposal if it has already
     * been queued.
     */
    function _cancel(
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 descriptionHash
    ) internal virtual override returns (uint256) {
        uint256 proposalId = super._cancel(targets, values, calldatas, descriptionHash);

        uint256 etaSeconds = proposalEta(proposalId);
        if (etaSeconds > 0) {
            // do external call later
            for (uint256 i = 0; i < targets.length; ++i) {
                _timelock.cancelTransaction(targets[i], values[i], "", calldatas[i], etaSeconds);
            }
        }

        return proposalId;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Address through which the governor executes action. In this case, the timelock.
     */
    function _executor() internal view virtual override returns (address) {
        return address(_timelock);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Accept admin right over the timelock.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line private-vars-leading-underscore
    function __acceptAdmin() public {
        _timelock.acceptAdmin();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Public endpoint to update the underlying timelock instance. Restricted to the timelock itself, so updates
     * must be proposed, scheduled, and executed through governance proposals.
     *
     * For security reasons, the timelock must be handed over to another admin before setting up a new one. The two
     * operations (hand over the timelock) and do the update can be batched in a single proposal.
     *
     * Note that if the timelock admin has been handed over in a previous operation, we refuse updates made through the
     * timelock if admin of the timelock has already been accepted and the operation is executed outside the scope of
     * governance.

     * CAUTION: It is not recommended to change the timelock while there are other queued governance proposals.
     */
    function updateTimelock(ICompoundTimelock newTimelock) external virtual onlyGovernance {
        _updateTimelock(newTimelock);
    }

    function _updateTimelock(ICompoundTimelock newTimelock) private {
        emit TimelockChange(address(_timelock), address(newTimelock));
        _timelock = newTimelock;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (governance/extensions/GovernorTimelockControl.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IGovernor, Governor} from "../Governor.sol";
import {TimelockController} from "../TimelockController.sol";
import {IERC165} from "../../interfaces/IERC165.sol";
import {SafeCast} from "../../utils/math/SafeCast.sol";

/**
 * @dev Extension of {Governor} that binds the execution process to an instance of {TimelockController}. This adds a
 * delay, enforced by the {TimelockController} to all successful proposal (in addition to the voting duration). The
 * {Governor} needs the proposer (and ideally the executor) roles for the {Governor} to work properly.
 *
 * Using this model means the proposal will be operated by the {TimelockController} and not by the {Governor}. Thus,
 * the assets and permissions must be attached to the {TimelockController}. Any asset sent to the {Governor} will be
 * inaccessible from a proposal, unless executed via {Governor-relay}.
 *
 * WARNING: Setting up the TimelockController to have additional proposers or cancellers besides the governor is very
 * risky, as it grants them the ability to: 1) execute operations as the timelock, and thus possibly performing
 * operations or accessing funds that are expected to only be accessible through a vote, and 2) block governance
 * proposals that have been approved by the voters, effectively executing a Denial of Service attack.
 *
 * NOTE: `AccessManager` does not support scheduling more than one operation with the same target and calldata at
 * the same time. See {AccessManager-schedule} for a workaround.
 */
abstract contract GovernorTimelockControl is Governor {
    TimelockController private _timelock;
    mapping(uint256 proposalId => bytes32) private _timelockIds;

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the timelock controller used for proposal execution is modified.
     */
    event TimelockChange(address oldTimelock, address newTimelock);

    /**
     * @dev Set the timelock.
     */
    constructor(TimelockController timelockAddress) {
        _updateTimelock(timelockAddress);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overridden version of the {Governor-state} function that considers the status reported by the timelock.
     */
    function state(uint256 proposalId) public view virtual override returns (ProposalState) {
        ProposalState currentState = super.state(proposalId);

        if (currentState != ProposalState.Queued) {
            return currentState;
        }

        bytes32 queueid = _timelockIds[proposalId];
        if (_timelock.isOperationPending(queueid)) {
            return ProposalState.Queued;
        } else if (_timelock.isOperationDone(queueid)) {
            // This can happen if the proposal is executed directly on the timelock.
            return ProposalState.Executed;
        } else {
            // This can happen if the proposal is canceled directly on the timelock.
            return ProposalState.Canceled;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Public accessor to check the address of the timelock
     */
    function timelock() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return address(_timelock);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IGovernor-proposalNeedsQueuing}.
     */
    function proposalNeedsQueuing(uint256) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Function to queue a proposal to the timelock.
     */
    function _queueOperations(
        uint256 proposalId,
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 descriptionHash
    ) internal virtual override returns (uint48) {
        uint256 delay = _timelock.getMinDelay();

        bytes32 salt = _timelockSalt(descriptionHash);
        _timelockIds[proposalId] = _timelock.hashOperationBatch(targets, values, calldatas, 0, salt);
        _timelock.scheduleBatch(targets, values, calldatas, 0, salt, delay);

        return SafeCast.toUint48(block.timestamp + delay);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overridden version of the {Governor-_executeOperations} function that runs the already queued proposal
     * through the timelock.
     */
    function _executeOperations(
        uint256 proposalId,
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 descriptionHash
    ) internal virtual override {
        // execute
        _timelock.executeBatch{value: msg.value}(targets, values, calldatas, 0, _timelockSalt(descriptionHash));
        // cleanup for refund
        delete _timelockIds[proposalId];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overridden version of the {Governor-_cancel} function to cancel the timelocked proposal if it has already
     * been queued.
     */
    // This function can reenter through the external call to the timelock, but we assume the timelock is trusted and
    // well behaved (according to TimelockController) and this will not happen.
    // slither-disable-next-line reentrancy-no-eth
    function _cancel(
        address[] memory targets,
        uint256[] memory values,
        bytes[] memory calldatas,
        bytes32 descriptionHash
    ) internal virtual override returns (uint256) {
        uint256 proposalId = super._cancel(targets, values, calldatas, descriptionHash);

        bytes32 timelockId = _timelockIds[proposalId];
        if (timelockId != 0) {
            // cancel
            _timelock.cancel(timelockId);
            // cleanup
            delete _timelockIds[proposalId];
        }

        return proposalId;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Address through which the governor executes action. In this case, the timelock.
     */
    function _executor() internal view virtual override returns (address) {
        return address(_timelock);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Public endpoint to update the underlying timelock instance. Restricted to the timelock itself, so updates
     * must be proposed, scheduled, and executed through governance proposals.
     *
     * CAUTION: It is not recommended to change the timelock while there are other queued governance proposals.
     */
    function updateTimelock(TimelockController newTimelock) external virtual onlyGovernance {
        _updateTimelock(newTimelock);
    }

    function _updateTimelock(TimelockController newTimelock) private {
        emit TimelockChange(address(_timelock), address(newTimelock));
        _timelock = newTimelock;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Computes the {TimelockController} operation salt.
     *
     * It is computed with the governor address itself to avoid collisions across governor instances using the
     * same timelock.
     */
    function _timelockSalt(bytes32 descriptionHash) private view returns (bytes32) {
        return bytes20(address(this)) ^ descriptionHash;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (governance/extensions/GovernorVotes.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Governor} from "../Governor.sol";
import {IVotes} from "../utils/IVotes.sol";
import {IERC5805} from "../../interfaces/IERC5805.sol";
import {SafeCast} from "../../utils/math/SafeCast.sol";
import {Time} from "../../utils/types/Time.sol";

/**
 * @dev Extension of {Governor} for voting weight extraction from an {ERC20Votes} token, or since v4.5 an {ERC721Votes}
 * token.
 */
abstract contract GovernorVotes is Governor {
    IERC5805 private immutable _token;

    constructor(IVotes tokenAddress) {
        _token = IERC5805(address(tokenAddress));
    }

    /**
     * @dev The token that voting power is sourced from.
     */
    function token() public view virtual returns (IERC5805) {
        return _token;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Clock (as specified in EIP-6372) is set to match the token's clock. Fallback to block numbers if the token
     * does not implement EIP-6372.
     */
    function clock() public view virtual override returns (uint48) {
        try token().clock() returns (uint48 timepoint) {
            return timepoint;
        } catch {
            return Time.blockNumber();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Machine-readable description of the clock as specified in EIP-6372.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function CLOCK_MODE() public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        try token().CLOCK_MODE() returns (string memory clockmode) {
            return clockmode;
        } catch {
            return "mode=blocknumber&from=default";
        }
    }

    /**
     * Read the voting weight from the token's built in snapshot mechanism (see {Governor-_getVotes}).
     */
    function _getVotes(
        address account,
        uint256 timepoint,
        bytes memory /*params*/
    ) internal view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        return token().getPastVotes(account, timepoint);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (governance/extensions/GovernorVotesQuorumFraction.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {GovernorVotes} from "./GovernorVotes.sol";
import {SafeCast} from "../../utils/math/SafeCast.sol";
import {Checkpoints} from "../../utils/structs/Checkpoints.sol";

/**
 * @dev Extension of {Governor} for voting weight extraction from an {ERC20Votes} token and a quorum expressed as a
 * fraction of the total supply.
 */
abstract contract GovernorVotesQuorumFraction is GovernorVotes {
    using Checkpoints for Checkpoints.Trace208;

    Checkpoints.Trace208 private _quorumNumeratorHistory;

    event QuorumNumeratorUpdated(uint256 oldQuorumNumerator, uint256 newQuorumNumerator);

    /**
     * @dev The quorum set is not a valid fraction.
     */
    error GovernorInvalidQuorumFraction(uint256 quorumNumerator, uint256 quorumDenominator);

    /**
     * @dev Initialize quorum as a fraction of the token's total supply.
     *
     * The fraction is specified as `numerator / denominator`. By default the denominator is 100, so quorum is
     * specified as a percent: a numerator of 10 corresponds to quorum being 10% of total supply. The denominator can be
     * customized by overriding {quorumDenominator}.
     */
    constructor(uint256 quorumNumeratorValue) {
        _updateQuorumNumerator(quorumNumeratorValue);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current quorum numerator. See {quorumDenominator}.
     */
    function quorumNumerator() public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _quorumNumeratorHistory.latest();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the quorum numerator at a specific timepoint. See {quorumDenominator}.
     */
    function quorumNumerator(uint256 timepoint) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        uint256 length = _quorumNumeratorHistory._checkpoints.length;

        // Optimistic search, check the latest checkpoint
        Checkpoints.Checkpoint208 storage latest = _quorumNumeratorHistory._checkpoints[length - 1];
        uint48 latestKey = latest._key;
        uint208 latestValue = latest._value;
        if (latestKey <= timepoint) {
            return latestValue;
        }

        // Otherwise, do the binary search
        return _quorumNumeratorHistory.upperLookupRecent(SafeCast.toUint48(timepoint));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the quorum denominator. Defaults to 100, but may be overridden.
     */
    function quorumDenominator() public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return 100;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the quorum for a timepoint, in terms of number of votes: `supply * numerator / denominator`.
     */
    function quorum(uint256 timepoint) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        return (token().getPastTotalSupply(timepoint) * quorumNumerator(timepoint)) / quorumDenominator();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Changes the quorum numerator.
     *
     * Emits a {QuorumNumeratorUpdated} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - Must be called through a governance proposal.
     * - New numerator must be smaller or equal to the denominator.
     */
    function updateQuorumNumerator(uint256 newQuorumNumerator) external virtual onlyGovernance {
        _updateQuorumNumerator(newQuorumNumerator);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Changes the quorum numerator.
     *
     * Emits a {QuorumNumeratorUpdated} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - New numerator must be smaller or equal to the denominator.
     */
    function _updateQuorumNumerator(uint256 newQuorumNumerator) internal virtual {
        uint256 denominator = quorumDenominator();
        if (newQuorumNumerator > denominator) {
            revert GovernorInvalidQuorumFraction(newQuorumNumerator, denominator);
        }

        uint256 oldQuorumNumerator = quorumNumerator();
        _quorumNumeratorHistory.push(clock(), SafeCast.toUint208(newQuorumNumerator));

        emit QuorumNumeratorUpdated(oldQuorumNumerator, newQuorumNumerator);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (interfaces/IERC1155.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC1155} from "../token/ERC1155/IERC1155.sol";


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (interfaces/IERC1155MetadataURI.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC1155MetadataURI} from "../token/ERC1155/extensions/IERC1155MetadataURI.sol";


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (interfaces/IERC1155Receiver.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC1155Receiver} from "../token/ERC1155/IERC1155Receiver.sol";


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (interfaces/IERC1271.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC1271 standard signature validation method for
 * contracts as defined in https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1271[ERC-1271].
 */
interface IERC1271 {
    /**
     * @dev Should return whether the signature provided is valid for the provided data
     * @param hash      Hash of the data to be signed
     * @param signature Signature byte array associated with _data
     */
    function isValidSignature(bytes32 hash, bytes memory signature) external view returns (bytes4 magicValue);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC1363.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20} from "./IERC20.sol";
import {IERC165} from "./IERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Interface of an ERC1363 compliant contract, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1363[EIP].
 *
 * Defines a interface for ERC20 tokens that supports executing recipient
 * code after `transfer` or `transferFrom`, or spender code after `approve`.
 */
interface IERC1363 is IERC165, IERC20 {
    /*
     * Note: the ERC-165 identifier for this interface is 0xb0202a11.
     * 0xb0202a11 ===
     *   bytes4(keccak256('transferAndCall(address,uint256)')) ^
     *   bytes4(keccak256('transferAndCall(address,uint256,bytes)')) ^
     *   bytes4(keccak256('transferFromAndCall(address,address,uint256)')) ^
     *   bytes4(keccak256('transferFromAndCall(address,address,uint256,bytes)')) ^
     *   bytes4(keccak256('approveAndCall(address,uint256)')) ^
     *   bytes4(keccak256('approveAndCall(address,uint256,bytes)'))
     */

    /**
     * @dev Transfer tokens from `msg.sender` to another address and then call `onTransferReceived` on receiver
     * @param to address The address which you want to transfer to
     * @param amount uint256 The amount of tokens to be transferred
     * @return true unless throwing
     */
    function transferAndCall(address to, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Transfer tokens from `msg.sender` to another address and then call `onTransferReceived` on receiver
     * @param to address The address which you want to transfer to
     * @param amount uint256 The amount of tokens to be transferred
     * @param data bytes Additional data with no specified format, sent in call to `to`
     * @return true unless throwing
     */
    function transferAndCall(address to, uint256 amount, bytes memory data) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Transfer tokens from one address to another and then call `onTransferReceived` on receiver
     * @param from address The address which you want to send tokens from
     * @param to address The address which you want to transfer to
     * @param amount uint256 The amount of tokens to be transferred
     * @return true unless throwing
     */
    function transferFromAndCall(address from, address to, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Transfer tokens from one address to another and then call `onTransferReceived` on receiver
     * @param from address The address which you want to send tokens from
     * @param to address The address which you want to transfer to
     * @param amount uint256 The amount of tokens to be transferred
     * @param data bytes Additional data with no specified format, sent in call to `to`
     * @return true unless throwing
     */
    function transferFromAndCall(address from, address to, uint256 amount, bytes memory data) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Approve the passed address to spend the specified amount of tokens on behalf of msg.sender
     * and then call `onApprovalReceived` on spender.
     * @param spender address The address which will spend the funds
     * @param amount uint256 The amount of tokens to be spent
     */
    function approveAndCall(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Approve the passed address to spend the specified amount of tokens on behalf of msg.sender
     * and then call `onApprovalReceived` on spender.
     * @param spender address The address which will spend the funds
     * @param amount uint256 The amount of tokens to be spent
     * @param data bytes Additional data with no specified format, sent in call to `spender`
     */
    function approveAndCall(address spender, uint256 amount, bytes memory data) external returns (bool);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC1363Receiver.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface for any contract that wants to support {IERC1363-transferAndCall}
 * or {IERC1363-transferFromAndCall} from {ERC1363} token contracts.
 */
interface IERC1363Receiver {
    /*
     * Note: the ERC-165 identifier for this interface is 0x88a7ca5c.
     * 0x88a7ca5c === bytes4(keccak256("onTransferReceived(address,address,uint256,bytes)"))
     */

    /**
     * @notice Handle the receipt of ERC1363 tokens
     * @dev Any ERC1363 smart contract calls this function on the recipient
     * after a `transfer` or a `transferFrom`. This function MAY throw to revert and reject the
     * transfer. Return of other than the magic value MUST result in the
     * transaction being reverted.
     * Note: the token contract address is always the message sender.
     * @param operator address The address which called `transferAndCall` or `transferFromAndCall` function
     * @param from address The address which are token transferred from
     * @param amount uint256 The amount of tokens transferred
     * @param data bytes Additional data with no specified format
     * @return `bytes4(keccak256("onTransferReceived(address,address,uint256,bytes)"))` unless throwing
     */
    function onTransferReceived(
        address operator,
        address from,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes memory data
    ) external returns (bytes4);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC1363Spender.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface for any contract that wants to support {IERC1363-approveAndCall}
 * from {ERC1363} token contracts.
 */
interface IERC1363Spender {
    /*
     * Note: the ERC-165 identifier for this interface is 0x7b04a2d0.
     * 0x7b04a2d0 === bytes4(keccak256("onApprovalReceived(address,uint256,bytes)"))
     */

    /**
     * @notice Handle the approval of ERC1363 tokens
     * @dev Any ERC1363 smart contract calls this function on the recipient
     * after an `approve`. This function MAY throw to revert and reject the
     * approval. Return of other than the magic value MUST result in the
     * transaction being reverted.
     * Note: the token contract address is always the message sender.
     * @param owner address The address which called `approveAndCall` function
     * @param amount uint256 The amount of tokens to be spent
     * @param data bytes Additional data with no specified format
     * @return `bytes4(keccak256("onApprovalReceived(address,uint256,bytes)"))`unless throwing
     */
    function onApprovalReceived(address owner, uint256 amount, bytes memory data) external returns (bytes4);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (interfaces/IERC165.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC165} from "../utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/introspection/IERC1820Implementer.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface for an ERC1820 implementer, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1820#interface-implementation-erc1820implementerinterface[EIP].
 * Used by contracts that will be registered as implementers in the
 * {IERC1820Registry}.
 */
interface IERC1820Implementer {
    /**
     * @dev Returns a special value (`ERC1820_ACCEPT_MAGIC`) if this contract
     * implements `interfaceHash` for `account`.
     *
     * See {IERC1820Registry-setInterfaceImplementer}.
     */
    function canImplementInterfaceForAddress(bytes32 interfaceHash, address account) external view returns (bytes32);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (utils/introspection/IERC1820Registry.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the global ERC1820 Registry, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1820[EIP]. Accounts may register
 * implementers for interfaces in this registry, as well as query support.
 *
 * Implementers may be shared by multiple accounts, and can also implement more
 * than a single interface for each account. Contracts can implement interfaces
 * for themselves, but externally-owned accounts (EOA) must delegate this to a
 * contract.
 *
 * {IERC165} interfaces can also be queried via the registry.
 *
 * For an in-depth explanation and source code analysis, see the EIP text.
 */
interface IERC1820Registry {
    event InterfaceImplementerSet(address indexed account, bytes32 indexed interfaceHash, address indexed implementer);

    event ManagerChanged(address indexed account, address indexed newManager);

    /**
     * @dev Sets `newManager` as the manager for `account`. A manager of an
     * account is able to set interface implementers for it.
     *
     * By default, each account is its own manager. Passing a value of `0x0` in
     * `newManager` will reset the manager to this initial state.
     *
     * Emits a {ManagerChanged} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must be the current manager for `account`.
     */
    function setManager(address account, address newManager) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the manager for `account`.
     *
     * See {setManager}.
     */
    function getManager(address account) external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @dev Sets the `implementer` contract as ``account``'s implementer for
     * `interfaceHash`.
     *
     * `account` being the zero address is an alias for the caller's address.
     * The zero address can also be used in `implementer` to remove an old one.
     *
     * See {interfaceHash} to learn how these are created.
     *
     * Emits an {InterfaceImplementerSet} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the caller must be the current manager for `account`.
     * - `interfaceHash` must not be an {IERC165} interface id (i.e. it must not
     * end in 28 zeroes).
     * - `implementer` must implement {IERC1820Implementer} and return true when
     * queried for support, unless `implementer` is the caller. See
     * {IERC1820Implementer-canImplementInterfaceForAddress}.
     */
    function setInterfaceImplementer(address account, bytes32 _interfaceHash, address implementer) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the implementer of `interfaceHash` for `account`. If no such
     * implementer is registered, returns the zero address.
     *
     * If `interfaceHash` is an {IERC165} interface id (i.e. it ends with 28
     * zeroes), `account` will be queried for support of it.
     *
     * `account` being the zero address is an alias for the caller's address.
     */
    function getInterfaceImplementer(address account, bytes32 _interfaceHash) external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the interface hash for an `interfaceName`, as defined in the
     * corresponding
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1820#interface-name[section of the EIP].
     */
    function interfaceHash(string calldata interfaceName) external pure returns (bytes32);

    /**
     * @notice Updates the cache with whether the contract implements an ERC165 interface or not.
     * @param account Address of the contract for which to update the cache.
     * @param interfaceId ERC165 interface for which to update the cache.
     */
    function updateERC165Cache(address account, bytes4 interfaceId) external;

    /**
     * @notice Checks whether a contract implements an ERC165 interface or not.
     * If the result is not cached a direct lookup on the contract address is performed.
     * If the result is not cached or the cached value is out-of-date, the cache MUST be updated manually by calling
     * {updateERC165Cache} with the contract address.
     * @param account Address of the contract to check.
     * @param interfaceId ERC165 interface to check.
     * @return True if `account` implements `interfaceId`, false otherwise.
     */
    function implementsERC165Interface(address account, bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @notice Checks whether a contract implements an ERC165 interface or not without using or updating the cache.
     * @param account Address of the contract to check.
     * @param interfaceId ERC165 interface to check.
     * @return True if `account` implements `interfaceId`, false otherwise.
     */
    function implementsERC165InterfaceNoCache(address account, bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC1967.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev ERC-1967: Proxy Storage Slots. This interface contains the events defined in the ERC.
 */
interface IERC1967 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the implementation is upgraded.
     */
    event Upgraded(address indexed implementation);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the admin account has changed.
     */
    event AdminChanged(address previousAdmin, address newAdmin);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the beacon is changed.
     */
    event BeaconUpgraded(address indexed beacon);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (interfaces/IERC20Metadata.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20Metadata} from "../token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol";


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (interfaces/IERC2309.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev ERC-2309: ERC-721 Consecutive Transfer Extension.
 */
interface IERC2309 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the tokens from `fromTokenId` to `toTokenId` are transferred from `fromAddress` to `toAddress`.
     */
    event ConsecutiveTransfer(
        uint256 indexed fromTokenId,
        uint256 toTokenId,
        address indexed fromAddress,
        address indexed toAddress
    );
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC2612.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20Permit} from "../token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Permit.sol";

interface IERC2612 is IERC20Permit {}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC2981.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC165} from "../utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Interface for the NFT Royalty Standard.
 *
 * A standardized way to retrieve royalty payment information for non-fungible tokens (NFTs) to enable universal
 * support for royalty payments across all NFT marketplaces and ecosystem participants.
 */
interface IERC2981 is IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns how much royalty is owed and to whom, based on a sale price that may be denominated in any unit of
     * exchange. The royalty amount is denominated and should be paid in that same unit of exchange.
     */
    function royaltyInfo(
        uint256 tokenId,
        uint256 salePrice
    ) external view returns (address receiver, uint256 royaltyAmount);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (interfaces/IERC3156.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC3156FlashBorrower} from "./IERC3156FlashBorrower.sol";
import {IERC3156FlashLender} from "./IERC3156FlashLender.sol";


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC3156FlashBorrower.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC3156 FlashBorrower, as defined in
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-3156[ERC-3156].
 */
interface IERC3156FlashBorrower {
    /**
     * @dev Receive a flash loan.
     * @param initiator The initiator of the loan.
     * @param token The loan currency.
     * @param amount The amount of tokens lent.
     * @param fee The additional amount of tokens to repay.
     * @param data Arbitrary data structure, intended to contain user-defined parameters.
     * @return The keccak256 hash of "ERC3156FlashBorrower.onFlashLoan"
     */
    function onFlashLoan(
        address initiator,
        address token,
        uint256 amount,
        uint256 fee,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external returns (bytes32);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (interfaces/IERC3156FlashLender.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC3156FlashBorrower} from "./IERC3156FlashBorrower.sol";

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC3156 FlashLender, as defined in
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-3156[ERC-3156].
 */
interface IERC3156FlashLender {
    /**
     * @dev The amount of currency available to be lended.
     * @param token The loan currency.
     * @return The amount of `token` that can be borrowed.
     */
    function maxFlashLoan(address token) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev The fee to be charged for a given loan.
     * @param token The loan currency.
     * @param amount The amount of tokens lent.
     * @return The amount of `token` to be charged for the loan, on top of the returned principal.
     */
    function flashFee(address token, uint256 amount) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Initiate a flash loan.
     * @param receiver The receiver of the tokens in the loan, and the receiver of the callback.
     * @param token The loan currency.
     * @param amount The amount of tokens lent.
     * @param data Arbitrary data structure, intended to contain user-defined parameters.
     */
    function flashLoan(
        IERC3156FlashBorrower receiver,
        address token,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external returns (bool);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC4626.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20} from "../token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
import {IERC20Metadata} from "../token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol";

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC4626 "Tokenized Vault Standard", as defined in
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-4626[ERC-4626].
 */
interface IERC4626 is IERC20, IERC20Metadata {
    event Deposit(address indexed sender, address indexed owner, uint256 assets, uint256 shares);

    event Withdraw(
        address indexed sender,
        address indexed receiver,
        address indexed owner,
        uint256 assets,
        uint256 shares
    );

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the underlying token used for the Vault for accounting, depositing, and withdrawing.
     *
     * - MUST be an ERC-20 token contract.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     */
    function asset() external view returns (address assetTokenAddress);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the total amount of the underlying asset that is “managed” by Vault.
     *
     * - SHOULD include any compounding that occurs from yield.
     * - MUST be inclusive of any fees that are charged against assets in the Vault.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     */
    function totalAssets() external view returns (uint256 totalManagedAssets);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of shares that the Vault would exchange for the amount of assets provided, in an ideal
     * scenario where all the conditions are met.
     *
     * - MUST NOT be inclusive of any fees that are charged against assets in the Vault.
     * - MUST NOT show any variations depending on the caller.
     * - MUST NOT reflect slippage or other on-chain conditions, when performing the actual exchange.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     *
     * NOTE: This calculation MAY NOT reflect the “per-user” price-per-share, and instead should reflect the
     * “average-user’s” price-per-share, meaning what the average user should expect to see when exchanging to and
     * from.
     */
    function convertToShares(uint256 assets) external view returns (uint256 shares);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of assets that the Vault would exchange for the amount of shares provided, in an ideal
     * scenario where all the conditions are met.
     *
     * - MUST NOT be inclusive of any fees that are charged against assets in the Vault.
     * - MUST NOT show any variations depending on the caller.
     * - MUST NOT reflect slippage or other on-chain conditions, when performing the actual exchange.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     *
     * NOTE: This calculation MAY NOT reflect the “per-user” price-per-share, and instead should reflect the
     * “average-user’s” price-per-share, meaning what the average user should expect to see when exchanging to and
     * from.
     */
    function convertToAssets(uint256 shares) external view returns (uint256 assets);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the maximum amount of the underlying asset that can be deposited into the Vault for the receiver,
     * through a deposit call.
     *
     * - MUST return a limited value if receiver is subject to some deposit limit.
     * - MUST return 2 ** 256 - 1 if there is no limit on the maximum amount of assets that may be deposited.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     */
    function maxDeposit(address receiver) external view returns (uint256 maxAssets);

    /**
     * @dev Allows an on-chain or off-chain user to simulate the effects of their deposit at the current block, given
     * current on-chain conditions.
     *
     * - MUST return as close to and no more than the exact amount of Vault shares that would be minted in a deposit
     *   call in the same transaction. I.e. deposit should return the same or more shares as previewDeposit if called
     *   in the same transaction.
     * - MUST NOT account for deposit limits like those returned from maxDeposit and should always act as though the
     *   deposit would be accepted, regardless if the user has enough tokens approved, etc.
     * - MUST be inclusive of deposit fees. Integrators should be aware of the existence of deposit fees.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     *
     * NOTE: any unfavorable discrepancy between convertToShares and previewDeposit SHOULD be considered slippage in
     * share price or some other type of condition, meaning the depositor will lose assets by depositing.
     */
    function previewDeposit(uint256 assets) external view returns (uint256 shares);

    /**
     * @dev Mints shares Vault shares to receiver by depositing exactly amount of underlying tokens.
     *
     * - MUST emit the Deposit event.
     * - MAY support an additional flow in which the underlying tokens are owned by the Vault contract before the
     *   deposit execution, and are accounted for during deposit.
     * - MUST revert if all of assets cannot be deposited (due to deposit limit being reached, slippage, the user not
     *   approving enough underlying tokens to the Vault contract, etc).
     *
     * NOTE: most implementations will require pre-approval of the Vault with the Vault’s underlying asset token.
     */
    function deposit(uint256 assets, address receiver) external returns (uint256 shares);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the maximum amount of the Vault shares that can be minted for the receiver, through a mint call.
     * - MUST return a limited value if receiver is subject to some mint limit.
     * - MUST return 2 ** 256 - 1 if there is no limit on the maximum amount of shares that may be minted.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     */
    function maxMint(address receiver) external view returns (uint256 maxShares);

    /**
     * @dev Allows an on-chain or off-chain user to simulate the effects of their mint at the current block, given
     * current on-chain conditions.
     *
     * - MUST return as close to and no fewer than the exact amount of assets that would be deposited in a mint call
     *   in the same transaction. I.e. mint should return the same or fewer assets as previewMint if called in the
     *   same transaction.
     * - MUST NOT account for mint limits like those returned from maxMint and should always act as though the mint
     *   would be accepted, regardless if the user has enough tokens approved, etc.
     * - MUST be inclusive of deposit fees. Integrators should be aware of the existence of deposit fees.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     *
     * NOTE: any unfavorable discrepancy between convertToAssets and previewMint SHOULD be considered slippage in
     * share price or some other type of condition, meaning the depositor will lose assets by minting.
     */
    function previewMint(uint256 shares) external view returns (uint256 assets);

    /**
     * @dev Mints exactly shares Vault shares to receiver by depositing amount of underlying tokens.
     *
     * - MUST emit the Deposit event.
     * - MAY support an additional flow in which the underlying tokens are owned by the Vault contract before the mint
     *   execution, and are accounted for during mint.
     * - MUST revert if all of shares cannot be minted (due to deposit limit being reached, slippage, the user not
     *   approving enough underlying tokens to the Vault contract, etc).
     *
     * NOTE: most implementations will require pre-approval of the Vault with the Vault’s underlying asset token.
     */
    function mint(uint256 shares, address receiver) external returns (uint256 assets);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the maximum amount of the underlying asset that can be withdrawn from the owner balance in the
     * Vault, through a withdraw call.
     *
     * - MUST return a limited value if owner is subject to some withdrawal limit or timelock.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     */
    function maxWithdraw(address owner) external view returns (uint256 maxAssets);

    /**
     * @dev Allows an on-chain or off-chain user to simulate the effects of their withdrawal at the current block,
     * given current on-chain conditions.
     *
     * - MUST return as close to and no fewer than the exact amount of Vault shares that would be burned in a withdraw
     *   call in the same transaction. I.e. withdraw should return the same or fewer shares as previewWithdraw if
     *   called
     *   in the same transaction.
     * - MUST NOT account for withdrawal limits like those returned from maxWithdraw and should always act as though
     *   the withdrawal would be accepted, regardless if the user has enough shares, etc.
     * - MUST be inclusive of withdrawal fees. Integrators should be aware of the existence of withdrawal fees.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     *
     * NOTE: any unfavorable discrepancy between convertToShares and previewWithdraw SHOULD be considered slippage in
     * share price or some other type of condition, meaning the depositor will lose assets by depositing.
     */
    function previewWithdraw(uint256 assets) external view returns (uint256 shares);

    /**
     * @dev Burns shares from owner and sends exactly assets of underlying tokens to receiver.
     *
     * - MUST emit the Withdraw event.
     * - MAY support an additional flow in which the underlying tokens are owned by the Vault contract before the
     *   withdraw execution, and are accounted for during withdraw.
     * - MUST revert if all of assets cannot be withdrawn (due to withdrawal limit being reached, slippage, the owner
     *   not having enough shares, etc).
     *
     * Note that some implementations will require pre-requesting to the Vault before a withdrawal may be performed.
     * Those methods should be performed separately.
     */
    function withdraw(uint256 assets, address receiver, address owner) external returns (uint256 shares);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the maximum amount of Vault shares that can be redeemed from the owner balance in the Vault,
     * through a redeem call.
     *
     * - MUST return a limited value if owner is subject to some withdrawal limit or timelock.
     * - MUST return balanceOf(owner) if owner is not subject to any withdrawal limit or timelock.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     */
    function maxRedeem(address owner) external view returns (uint256 maxShares);

    /**
     * @dev Allows an on-chain or off-chain user to simulate the effects of their redeemption at the current block,
     * given current on-chain conditions.
     *
     * - MUST return as close to and no more than the exact amount of assets that would be withdrawn in a redeem call
     *   in the same transaction. I.e. redeem should return the same or more assets as previewRedeem if called in the
     *   same transaction.
     * - MUST NOT account for redemption limits like those returned from maxRedeem and should always act as though the
     *   redemption would be accepted, regardless if the user has enough shares, etc.
     * - MUST be inclusive of withdrawal fees. Integrators should be aware of the existence of withdrawal fees.
     * - MUST NOT revert.
     *
     * NOTE: any unfavorable discrepancy between convertToAssets and previewRedeem SHOULD be considered slippage in
     * share price or some other type of condition, meaning the depositor will lose assets by redeeming.
     */
    function previewRedeem(uint256 shares) external view returns (uint256 assets);

    /**
     * @dev Burns exactly shares from owner and sends assets of underlying tokens to receiver.
     *
     * - MUST emit the Withdraw event.
     * - MAY support an additional flow in which the underlying tokens are owned by the Vault contract before the
     *   redeem execution, and are accounted for during redeem.
     * - MUST revert if all of shares cannot be redeemed (due to withdrawal limit being reached, slippage, the owner
     *   not having enough shares, etc).
     *
     * NOTE: some implementations will require pre-requesting to the Vault before a withdrawal may be performed.
     * Those methods should be performed separately.
     */
    function redeem(uint256 shares, address receiver, address owner) external returns (uint256 assets);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC4906.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC165} from "./IERC165.sol";
import {IERC721} from "./IERC721.sol";

/// @title EIP-721 Metadata Update Extension
interface IERC4906 is IERC165, IERC721 {
    /// @dev This event emits when the metadata of a token is changed.
    /// So that the third-party platforms such as NFT market could
    /// timely update the images and related attributes of the NFT.
    event MetadataUpdate(uint256 _tokenId);

    /// @dev This event emits when the metadata of a range of tokens is changed.
    /// So that the third-party platforms such as NFT market could
    /// timely update the images and related attributes of the NFTs.
    event BatchMetadataUpdate(uint256 _fromTokenId, uint256 _toTokenId);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (interfaces/IERC5313.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface for the Light Contract Ownership Standard.
 *
 * A standardized minimal interface required to identify an account that controls a contract
 */
interface IERC5313 {
    /**
     * @dev Gets the address of the owner.
     */
    function owner() external view returns (address);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (interfaces/IERC721.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC721} from "../token/ERC721/IERC721.sol";


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (interfaces/IERC721Enumerable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC721Enumerable} from "../token/ERC721/extensions/IERC721Enumerable.sol";


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (interfaces/IERC721Metadata.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC721Metadata} from "../token/ERC721/extensions/IERC721Metadata.sol";


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (interfaces/IERC721Receiver.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC721Receiver} from "../token/ERC721/IERC721Receiver.sol";


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC777Token standard as defined in the EIP.
 *
 * This contract uses the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1820[ERC1820 registry standard] to let
 * token holders and recipients react to token movements by using setting implementers
 * for the associated interfaces in said registry. See {IERC1820Registry} and
 * {IERC1820Implementer}.
 */
interface IERC777 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `amount` tokens are created by `operator` and assigned to `to`.
     *
     * Note that some additional user `data` and `operatorData` can be logged in the event.
     */
    event Minted(address indexed operator, address indexed to, uint256 amount, bytes data, bytes operatorData);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `operator` destroys `amount` tokens from `account`.
     *
     * Note that some additional user `data` and `operatorData` can be logged in the event.
     */
    event Burned(address indexed operator, address indexed from, uint256 amount, bytes data, bytes operatorData);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `operator` is made operator for `tokenHolder`.
     */
    event AuthorizedOperator(address indexed operator, address indexed tokenHolder);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `operator` is revoked its operator status for `tokenHolder`.
     */
    event RevokedOperator(address indexed operator, address indexed tokenHolder);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the name of the token.
     */
    function name() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the symbol of the token, usually a shorter version of the
     * name.
     */
    function symbol() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest part of the token that is not divisible. This
     * means all token operations (creation, movement and destruction) must have
     * amounts that are a multiple of this number.
     *
     * For most token contracts, this value will equal 1.
     */
    function granularity() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
     */
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by an account (`owner`).
     */
    function balanceOf(address owner) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `recipient`.
     *
     * If send or receive hooks are registered for the caller and `recipient`,
     * the corresponding functions will be called with `data` and empty
     * `operatorData`. See {IERC777Sender} and {IERC777Recipient}.
     *
     * Emits a {Sent} event.
     *
     * Requirements
     *
     * - the caller must have at least `amount` tokens.
     * - `recipient` cannot be the zero address.
     * - if `recipient` is a contract, it must implement the {IERC777Recipient}
     * interface.
     */
    function send(address recipient, uint256 amount, bytes calldata data) external;

    /**
     * @dev Destroys `amount` tokens from the caller's account, reducing the
     * total supply.
     *
     * If a send hook is registered for the caller, the corresponding function
     * will be called with `data` and empty `operatorData`. See {IERC777Sender}.
     *
     * Emits a {Burned} event.
     *
     * Requirements
     *
     * - the caller must have at least `amount` tokens.
     */
    function burn(uint256 amount, bytes calldata data) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if an account is an operator of `tokenHolder`.
     * Operators can send and burn tokens on behalf of their owners. All
     * accounts are their own operator.
     *
     * See {operatorSend} and {operatorBurn}.
     */
    function isOperatorFor(address operator, address tokenHolder) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Make an account an operator of the caller.
     *
     * See {isOperatorFor}.
     *
     * Emits an {AuthorizedOperator} event.
     *
     * Requirements
     *
     * - `operator` cannot be calling address.
     */
    function authorizeOperator(address operator) external;

    /**
     * @dev Revoke an account's operator status for the caller.
     *
     * See {isOperatorFor} and {defaultOperators}.
     *
     * Emits a {RevokedOperator} event.
     *
     * Requirements
     *
     * - `operator` cannot be calling address.
     */
    function revokeOperator(address operator) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the list of default operators. These accounts are operators
     * for all token holders, even if {authorizeOperator} was never called on
     * them.
     *
     * This list is immutable, but individual holders may revoke these via
     * {revokeOperator}, in which case {isOperatorFor} will return false.
     */
    function defaultOperators() external view returns (address[] memory);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `sender` to `recipient`. The caller must
     * be an operator of `sender`.
     *
     * If send or receive hooks are registered for `sender` and `recipient`,
     * the corresponding functions will be called with `data` and
     * `operatorData`. See {IERC777Sender} and {IERC777Recipient}.
     *
     * Emits a {Sent} event.
     *
     * Requirements
     *
     * - `sender` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `sender` must have at least `amount` tokens.
     * - the caller must be an operator for `sender`.
     * - `recipient` cannot be the zero address.
     * - if `recipient` is a contract, it must implement the {IERC777Recipient}
     * interface.
     */
    function operatorSend(
        address sender,
        address recipient,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes calldata data,
        bytes calldata operatorData
    ) external;

    /**
     * @dev Destroys `amount` tokens from `account`, reducing the total supply.
     * The caller must be an operator of `account`.
     *
     * If a send hook is registered for `account`, the corresponding function
     * will be called with `data` and `operatorData`. See {IERC777Sender}.
     *
     * Emits a {Burned} event.
     *
     * Requirements
     *
     * - `account` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `account` must have at least `amount` tokens.
     * - the caller must be an operator for `account`.
     */
    function operatorBurn(address account, uint256 amount, bytes calldata data, bytes calldata operatorData) external;

    event Sent(
        address indexed operator,
        address indexed from,
        address indexed to,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes data,
        bytes operatorData
    );
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC777TokensRecipient standard as defined in the EIP.
 *
 * Accounts can be notified of {IERC777} tokens being sent to them by having a
 * contract implement this interface (contract holders can be their own
 * implementer) and registering it on the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1820[ERC1820 global registry].
 *
 * See {IERC1820Registry} and {IERC1820Implementer}.
 */
interface IERC777Recipient {
    /**
     * @dev Called by an {IERC777} token contract whenever tokens are being
     * moved or created into a registered account (`to`). The type of operation
     * is conveyed by `from` being the zero address or not.
     *
     * This call occurs _after_ the token contract's state is updated, so
     * {IERC777-balanceOf}, etc., can be used to query the post-operation state.
     *
     * This function may revert to prevent the operation from being executed.
     */
    function tokensReceived(
        address operator,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes calldata userData,
        bytes calldata operatorData
    ) external;
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC777TokensSender standard as defined in the EIP.
 *
 * {IERC777} Token holders can be notified of operations performed on their
 * tokens by having a contract implement this interface (contract holders can be
 * their own implementer) and registering it on the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1820[ERC1820 global registry].
 *
 * See {IERC1820Registry} and {IERC1820Implementer}.
 */
interface IERC777Sender {
    /**
     * @dev Called by an {IERC777} token contract whenever a registered holder's
     * (`from`) tokens are about to be moved or destroyed. The type of operation
     * is conveyed by `to` being the zero address or not.
     *
     * This call occurs _before_ the token contract's state is updated, so
     * {IERC777-balanceOf}, etc., can be used to query the pre-operation state.
     *
     * This function may revert to prevent the operation from being executed.
     */
    function tokensToSend(
        address operator,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes calldata userData,
        bytes calldata operatorData
    ) external;
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (interfaces/draft-IERC1822.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev ERC1822: Universal Upgradeable Proxy Standard (UUPS) documents a method for upgradeability through a simplified
 * proxy whose upgrades are fully controlled by the current implementation.
 */
interface IERC1822Proxiable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the storage slot that the proxiable contract assumes is being used to store the implementation
     * address.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: A proxy pointing at a proxiable contract should not be considered proxiable itself, because this risks
     * bricking a proxy that upgrades to it, by delegating to itself until out of gas. Thus it is critical that this
     * function revert if invoked through a proxy.
     */
    function proxiableUUID() external view returns (bytes32);
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (metatx/ERC2771Context.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Context} from "../utils/Context.sol";

/**
 * @dev Context variant with ERC2771 support.
 *
 * WARNING: Avoid using this pattern in contracts that rely in a specific calldata length as they'll
 * be affected by any forwarder whose `msg.data` is suffixed with the `from` address according to the ERC2771
 * specification adding the address size in bytes (20) to the calldata size. An example of an unexpected
 * behavior could be an unintended fallback (or another function) invocation while trying to invoke the `receive`
 * function only accessible if `msg.data.length == 0`.
 */
abstract contract ERC2771Context is Context {
    /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow state-variable-immutable
    address private immutable _trustedForwarder;

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract with a trusted forwarder, which will be able to
     * invoke functions on this contract on behalf of other accounts.
     *
     * NOTE: The trusted forwarder can be replaced by overriding {trustedForwarder}.
     */
    /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow constructor
    constructor(address trustedForwarder_) {
        _trustedForwarder = trustedForwarder_;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the trusted forwarder.
     */
    function trustedForwarder() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _trustedForwarder;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Indicates whether any particular address is the trusted forwarder.
     */
    function isTrustedForwarder(address forwarder) public view virtual returns (bool) {
        return forwarder == trustedForwarder();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Override for `msg.sender`. Defaults to the original `msg.sender` whenever
     * a call is not performed by the trusted forwarder or the calldata length is less than
     * 20 bytes (an address length).
     */
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual override returns (address sender) {
        if (isTrustedForwarder(msg.sender) && msg.data.length >= 20) {
            // The assembly code is more direct than the Solidity version using `abi.decode`.
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                sender := shr(96, calldataload(sub(calldatasize(), 20)))
            }
        } else {
            return super._msgSender();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Override for `msg.data`. Defaults to the original `msg.data` whenever
     * a call is not performed by the trusted forwarder or the calldata length is less than
     * 20 bytes (an address length).
     */
    function _msgData() internal view virtual override returns (bytes calldata) {
        if (isTrustedForwarder(msg.sender) && msg.data.length >= 20) {
            return msg.data[:msg.data.length - 20];
        } else {
            return super._msgData();
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (metatx/ERC2771Forwarder.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ERC2771Context} from "./ERC2771Context.sol";
import {ECDSA} from "../utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol";
import {EIP712} from "../utils/cryptography/EIP712.sol";
import {Nonces} from "../utils/Nonces.sol";
import {Address} from "../utils/Address.sol";

/**
 * @dev A forwarder compatible with ERC2771 contracts. See {ERC2771Context}.
 *
 * This forwarder operates on forward requests that include:
 *
 * * `from`: An address to operate on behalf of. It is required to be equal to the request signer.
 * * `to`: The address that should be called.
 * * `value`: The amount of native token to attach with the requested call.
 * * `gas`: The amount of gas limit that will be forwarded with the requested call.
 * * `nonce`: A unique transaction ordering identifier to avoid replayability and request invalidation.
 * * `deadline`: A timestamp after which the request is not executable anymore.
 * * `data`: Encoded `msg.data` to send with the requested call.
 *
 * Relayers are able to submit batches if they are processing a high volume of requests. With high
 * throughput, relayers may run into limitations of the chain such as limits on the number of
 * transactions in the mempool. In these cases the recommendation is to distribute the load among
 * multiple accounts.
 *
 * NOTE: Batching requests includes an optional refund for unused `msg.value` that is achieved by
 * performing a call with empty calldata. While this is within the bounds of ERC-2771 compliance,
 * if the refund receiver happens to consider the forwarder a trusted forwarder, it MUST properly
 * handle `msg.data.length == 0`. `ERC2771Context` in OpenZeppelin Contracts versions prior to 4.9.3
 * do not handle this properly.
 *
 * ==== Security Considerations
 *
 * If a relayer submits a forward request, it should be willing to pay up to 100% of the gas amount
 * specified in the request. This contract does not implement any kind of retribution for this gas,
 * and it is assumed that there is an out of band incentive for relayers to pay for execution on
 * behalf of signers. Often, the relayer is operated by a project that will consider it a user
 * acquisition cost.
 *
 * By offering to pay for gas, relayers are at risk of having that gas used by an attacker toward
 * some other purpose that is not aligned with the expected out of band incentives. If you operate a
 * relayer, consider whitelisting target contracts and function selectors. When relaying ERC-721 or
 * ERC-1155 transfers specifically, consider rejecting the use of the `data` field, since it can be
 * used to execute arbitrary code.
 */
contract ERC2771Forwarder is EIP712, Nonces {
    using ECDSA for bytes32;

    struct ForwardRequestData {
        address from;
        address to;
        uint256 value;
        uint256 gas;
        uint48 deadline;
        bytes data;
        bytes signature;
    }

    bytes32 internal constant _FORWARD_REQUEST_TYPEHASH =
        keccak256(
            "ForwardRequest(address from,address to,uint256 value,uint256 gas,uint256 nonce,uint48 deadline,bytes data)"
        );

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when a `ForwardRequest` is executed.
     *
     * NOTE: An unsuccessful forward request could be due to an invalid signature, an expired deadline,
     * or simply a revert in the requested call. The contract guarantees that the relayer is not able to force
     * the requested call to run out of gas.
     */
    event ExecutedForwardRequest(address indexed signer, uint256 nonce, bool success);

    /**
     * @dev The request `from` doesn't match with the recovered `signer`.
     */
    error ERC2771ForwarderInvalidSigner(address signer, address from);

    /**
     * @dev The `requestedValue` doesn't match with the available `msgValue`.
     */
    error ERC2771ForwarderMismatchedValue(uint256 requestedValue, uint256 msgValue);

    /**
     * @dev The request `deadline` has expired.
     */
    error ERC2771ForwarderExpiredRequest(uint48 deadline);

    /**
     * @dev The request target doesn't trust the `forwarder`.
     */
    error ERC2771UntrustfulTarget(address target, address forwarder);

    /**
     * @dev See {EIP712-constructor}.
     */
    constructor(string memory name) EIP712(name, "1") {}

    /**
     * @dev Returns `true` if a request is valid for a provided `signature` at the current block timestamp.
     *
     * A transaction is considered valid when the target trusts this forwarder, the request hasn't expired
     * (deadline is not met), and the signer matches the `from` parameter of the signed request.
     *
     * NOTE: A request may return false here but it won't cause {executeBatch} to revert if a refund
     * receiver is provided.
     */
    function verify(ForwardRequestData calldata request) public view virtual returns (bool) {
        (bool isTrustedForwarder, bool active, bool signerMatch, ) = _validate(request);
        return isTrustedForwarder && active && signerMatch;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Executes a `request` on behalf of `signature`'s signer using the ERC-2771 protocol. The gas
     * provided to the requested call may not be exactly the amount requested, but the call will not run
     * out of gas. Will revert if the request is invalid or the call reverts, in this case the nonce is not consumed.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The request value should be equal to the provided `msg.value`.
     * - The request should be valid according to {verify}.
     */
    function execute(ForwardRequestData calldata request) public payable virtual {
        // We make sure that msg.value and request.value match exactly.
        // If the request is invalid or the call reverts, this whole function
        // will revert, ensuring value isn't stuck.
        if (msg.value != request.value) {
            revert ERC2771ForwarderMismatchedValue(request.value, msg.value);
        }

        if (!_execute(request, true)) {
            revert Address.FailedInnerCall();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Batch version of {execute} with optional refunding and atomic execution.
     *
     * In case a batch contains at least one invalid request (see {verify}), the
     * request will be skipped and the `refundReceiver` parameter will receive back the
     * unused requested value at the end of the execution. This is done to prevent reverting
     * the entire batch when a request is invalid or has already been submitted.
     *
     * If the `refundReceiver` is the `address(0)`, this function will revert when at least
     * one of the requests was not valid instead of skipping it. This could be useful if
     * a batch is required to get executed atomically (at least at the top-level). For example,
     * refunding (and thus atomicity) can be opt-out if the relayer is using a service that avoids
     * including reverted transactions.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The sum of the requests' values should be equal to the provided `msg.value`.
     * - All of the requests should be valid (see {verify}) when `refundReceiver` is the zero address.
     *
     * NOTE: Setting a zero `refundReceiver` guarantees an all-or-nothing requests execution only for
     * the first-level forwarded calls. In case a forwarded request calls to a contract with another
     * subcall, the second-level call may revert without the top-level call reverting.
     */
    function executeBatch(
        ForwardRequestData[] calldata requests,
        address payable refundReceiver
    ) public payable virtual {
        bool atomic = refundReceiver == address(0);

        uint256 requestsValue;
        uint256 refundValue;

        for (uint256 i; i < requests.length; ++i) {
            requestsValue += requests[i].value;
            bool success = _execute(requests[i], atomic);
            if (!success) {
                refundValue += requests[i].value;
            }
        }

        // The batch should revert if there's a mismatched msg.value provided
        // to avoid request value tampering
        if (requestsValue != msg.value) {
            revert ERC2771ForwarderMismatchedValue(requestsValue, msg.value);
        }

        // Some requests with value were invalid (possibly due to frontrunning).
        // To avoid leaving ETH in the contract this value is refunded.
        if (refundValue != 0) {
            // We know refundReceiver != address(0) && requestsValue == msg.value
            // meaning we can ensure refundValue is not taken from the original contract's balance
            // and refundReceiver is a known account.
            Address.sendValue(refundReceiver, refundValue);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Validates if the provided request can be executed at current block timestamp with
     * the given `request.signature` on behalf of `request.signer`.
     */
    function _validate(
        ForwardRequestData calldata request
    ) internal view virtual returns (bool isTrustedForwarder, bool active, bool signerMatch, address signer) {
        (bool isValid, address recovered) = _recoverForwardRequestSigner(request);

        return (
            _isTrustedByTarget(request.to),
            request.deadline >= block.timestamp,
            isValid && recovered == request.from,
            recovered
        );
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns a tuple with the recovered the signer of an EIP712 forward request message hash
     * and a boolean indicating if the signature is valid.
     *
     * NOTE: The signature is considered valid if {ECDSA-tryRecover} indicates no recover error for it.
     */
    function _recoverForwardRequestSigner(
        ForwardRequestData calldata request
    ) internal view virtual returns (bool, address) {
        (address recovered, ECDSA.RecoverError err, ) = _hashTypedDataV4(
            keccak256(
                abi.encode(
                    _FORWARD_REQUEST_TYPEHASH,
                    request.from,
                    request.to,
                    request.value,
                    request.gas,
                    nonces(request.from),
                    request.deadline,
                    keccak256(request.data)
                )
            )
        ).tryRecover(request.signature);

        return (err == ECDSA.RecoverError.NoError, recovered);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Validates and executes a signed request returning the request call `success` value.
     *
     * Internal function without msg.value validation.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The caller must have provided enough gas to forward with the call.
     * - The request must be valid (see {verify}) if the `requireValidRequest` is true.
     *
     * Emits an {ExecutedForwardRequest} event.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Using this function doesn't check that all the `msg.value` was sent, potentially
     * leaving value stuck in the contract.
     */
    function _execute(
        ForwardRequestData calldata request,
        bool requireValidRequest
    ) internal virtual returns (bool success) {
        (bool isTrustedForwarder, bool active, bool signerMatch, address signer) = _validate(request);

        // Need to explicitly specify if a revert is required since non-reverting is default for
        // batches and reversion is opt-in since it could be useful in some scenarios
        if (requireValidRequest) {
            if (!isTrustedForwarder) {
                revert ERC2771UntrustfulTarget(request.to, address(this));
            }

            if (!active) {
                revert ERC2771ForwarderExpiredRequest(request.deadline);
            }

            if (!signerMatch) {
                revert ERC2771ForwarderInvalidSigner(signer, request.from);
            }
        }

        // Ignore an invalid request because requireValidRequest = false
        if (isTrustedForwarder && signerMatch && active) {
            // Nonce should be used before the call to prevent reusing by reentrancy
            uint256 currentNonce = _useNonce(signer);

            uint256 reqGas = request.gas;
            address to = request.to;
            uint256 value = request.value;
            bytes memory data = abi.encodePacked(request.data, request.from);

            uint256 gasLeft;

            assembly {
                success := call(reqGas, to, value, add(data, 0x20), mload(data), 0, 0)
                gasLeft := gas()
            }

            _checkForwardedGas(gasLeft, request);

            emit ExecutedForwardRequest(signer, currentNonce, success);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether the target trusts this forwarder.
     *
     * This function performs a static call to the target contract calling the
     * {ERC2771Context-isTrustedForwarder} function.
     */
    function _isTrustedByTarget(address target) private view returns (bool) {
        bytes memory encodedParams = abi.encodeCall(ERC2771Context.isTrustedForwarder, (address(this)));

        bool success;
        uint256 returnSize;
        uint256 returnValue;
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            // Perform the staticcal and save the result in the scratch space.
            // | Location  | Content  | Content (Hex)                                                      |
            // |-----------|----------|--------------------------------------------------------------------|
            // |           |          |                                                           result ↓ |
            // | 0x00:0x1F | selector | 0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001 |
            success := staticcall(gas(), target, add(encodedParams, 0x20), mload(encodedParams), 0, 0x20)
            returnSize := returndatasize()
            returnValue := mload(0)
        }

        return success && returnSize >= 0x20 && returnValue > 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Checks if the requested gas was correctly forwarded to the callee.
     *
     * As a consequence of https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-150[EIP-150]:
     * - At most `gasleft() - floor(gasleft() / 64)` is forwarded to the callee.
     * - At least `floor(gasleft() / 64)` is kept in the caller.
     *
     * It reverts consuming all the available gas if the forwarded gas is not the requested gas.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: The `gasLeft` parameter should be measured exactly at the end of the forwarded call.
     * Any gas consumed in between will make room for bypassing this check.
     */
    function _checkForwardedGas(uint256 gasLeft, ForwardRequestData calldata request) private pure {
        // To avoid insufficient gas griefing attacks, as referenced in https://ronan.eth.limo/blog/ethereum-gas-dangers/
        //
        // A malicious relayer can attempt to shrink the gas forwarded so that the underlying call reverts out-of-gas
        // but the forwarding itself still succeeds. In order to make sure that the subcall received sufficient gas,
        // we will inspect gasleft() after the forwarding.
        //
        // Let X be the gas available before the subcall, such that the subcall gets at most X * 63 / 64.
        // We can't know X after CALL dynamic costs, but we want it to be such that X * 63 / 64 >= req.gas.
        // Let Y be the gas used in the subcall. gasleft() measured immediately after the subcall will be gasleft() = X - Y.
        // If the subcall ran out of gas, then Y = X * 63 / 64 and gasleft() = X - Y = X / 64.
        // Under this assumption req.gas / 63 > gasleft() is true is true if and only if
        // req.gas / 63 > X / 64, or equivalently req.gas > X * 63 / 64.
        // This means that if the subcall runs out of gas we are able to detect that insufficient gas was passed.
        //
        // We will now also see that req.gas / 63 > gasleft() implies that req.gas >= X * 63 / 64.
        // The contract guarantees Y <= req.gas, thus gasleft() = X - Y >= X - req.gas.
        // -    req.gas / 63 > gasleft()
        // -    req.gas / 63 >= X - req.gas
        // -    req.gas >= X * 63 / 64
        // In other words if req.gas < X * 63 / 64 then req.gas / 63 <= gasleft(), thus if the relayer behaves honestly
        // the forwarding does not revert.
        if (gasLeft < request.gas / 63) {
            // We explicitly trigger invalid opcode to consume all gas and bubble-up the effects, since
            // neither revert or assert consume all gas since Solidity 0.8.20
            // https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/v0.8.20/control-structures.html#panic-via-assert-and-error-via-require
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                invalid()
            }
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {AccessManaged} from "../access/manager/AccessManaged.sol";

abstract contract AccessManagedTarget is AccessManaged {
    event CalledRestricted(address caller);
    event CalledUnrestricted(address caller);

    function fnRestricted() public restricted {
        emit CalledRestricted(msg.sender);
    }

    function fnUnrestricted() public {
        emit CalledUnrestricted(msg.sender);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Arrays} from "../utils/Arrays.sol";

contract Uint256ArraysMock {
    using Arrays for uint256[];

    uint256[] private _array;

    constructor(uint256[] memory array) {
        _array = array;
    }

    function findUpperBound(uint256 element) external view returns (uint256) {
        return _array.findUpperBound(element);
    }

    function unsafeAccess(uint256 pos) external view returns (uint256) {
        return _array.unsafeAccess(pos).value;
    }
}

contract AddressArraysMock {
    using Arrays for address[];

    address[] private _array;

    constructor(address[] memory array) {
        _array = array;
    }

    function unsafeAccess(uint256 pos) external view returns (address) {
        return _array.unsafeAccess(pos).value;
    }
}

contract Bytes32ArraysMock {
    using Arrays for bytes32[];

    bytes32[] private _array;

    constructor(bytes32[] memory array) {
        _array = array;
    }

    function unsafeAccess(uint256 pos) external view returns (bytes32) {
        return _array.unsafeAccess(pos).value;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

contract CallReceiverMock {
    event MockFunctionCalled();
    event MockFunctionCalledWithArgs(uint256 a, uint256 b);

    uint256[] private _array;

    function mockFunction() public payable returns (string memory) {
        emit MockFunctionCalled();

        return "0x1234";
    }

    function mockFunctionEmptyReturn() public payable {
        emit MockFunctionCalled();
    }

    function mockFunctionWithArgs(uint256 a, uint256 b) public payable returns (string memory) {
        emit MockFunctionCalledWithArgs(a, b);

        return "0x1234";
    }

    function mockFunctionNonPayable() public returns (string memory) {
        emit MockFunctionCalled();

        return "0x1234";
    }

    function mockStaticFunction() public pure returns (string memory) {
        return "0x1234";
    }

    function mockFunctionRevertsNoReason() public payable {
        revert();
    }

    function mockFunctionRevertsReason() public payable {
        revert("CallReceiverMock: reverting");
    }

    function mockFunctionThrows() public payable {
        assert(false);
    }

    function mockFunctionOutOfGas() public payable {
        for (uint256 i = 0; ; ++i) {
            _array.push(i);
        }
    }

    function mockFunctionWritesStorage(bytes32 slot, bytes32 value) public returns (string memory) {
        assembly {
            sstore(slot, value)
        }
        return "0x1234";
    }
}

contract CallReceiverMockTrustingForwarder is CallReceiverMock {
    address private _trustedForwarder;

    constructor(address trustedForwarder_) {
        _trustedForwarder = trustedForwarder_;
    }

    function isTrustedForwarder(address forwarder) public view virtual returns (bool) {
        return forwarder == _trustedForwarder;
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Context} from "../utils/Context.sol";

contract ContextMock is Context {
    event Sender(address sender);

    function msgSender() public {
        emit Sender(_msgSender());
    }

    event Data(bytes data, uint256 integerValue, string stringValue);

    function msgData(uint256 integerValue, string memory stringValue) public {
        emit Data(_msgData(), integerValue, stringValue);
    }

    event DataShort(bytes data);

    function msgDataShort() public {
        emit DataShort(_msgData());
    }
}

contract ContextMockCaller {
    function callSender(ContextMock context) public {
        context.msgSender();
    }

    function callData(ContextMock context, uint256 integerValue, string memory stringValue) public {
        context.msgData(integerValue, stringValue);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ERC1967Utils} from "../proxy/ERC1967/ERC1967Utils.sol";
import {StorageSlot} from "../utils/StorageSlot.sol";

abstract contract Impl {
    function version() public pure virtual returns (string memory);
}

contract DummyImplementation {
    uint256 public value;
    string public text;
    uint256[] public values;

    function initializeNonPayable() public {
        value = 10;
    }

    function initializePayable() public payable {
        value = 100;
    }

    function initializeNonPayableWithValue(uint256 _value) public {
        value = _value;
    }

    function initializePayableWithValue(uint256 _value) public payable {
        value = _value;
    }

    function initialize(uint256 _value, string memory _text, uint256[] memory _values) public {
        value = _value;
        text = _text;
        values = _values;
    }

    function get() public pure returns (bool) {
        return true;
    }

    function version() public pure virtual returns (string memory) {
        return "V1";
    }

    function reverts() public pure {
        require(false, "DummyImplementation reverted");
    }

    // Use for forcing an unsafe TransparentUpgradeableProxy admin override
    function unsafeOverrideAdmin(address newAdmin) public {
        StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(ERC1967Utils.ADMIN_SLOT).value = newAdmin;
    }
}

contract DummyImplementationV2 is DummyImplementation {
    function migrate(uint256 newVal) public payable {
        value = newVal;
    }

    function version() public pure override returns (string memory) {
        return "V2";
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {ECDSA} from "../utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol";
import {EIP712} from "../utils/cryptography/EIP712.sol";

abstract contract EIP712Verifier is EIP712 {
    function verify(bytes memory signature, address signer, address mailTo, string memory mailContents) external view {
        bytes32 digest = _hashTypedDataV4(
            keccak256(abi.encode(keccak256("Mail(address to,string contents)"), mailTo, keccak256(bytes(mailContents))))
        );
        address recoveredSigner = ECDSA.recover(digest, signature);
        require(recoveredSigner == signer);
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Ownable} from "../access/Ownable.sol";
import {IERC1271} from "../interfaces/IERC1271.sol";
import {ECDSA} from "../utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol";

contract ERC1271WalletMock is Ownable, IERC1271 {
    constructor(address originalOwner) Ownable(originalOwner) {}

    function isValidSignature(bytes32 hash, bytes memory signature) public view returns (bytes4 magicValue) {
        return ECDSA.recover(hash, signature) == owner() ? this.isValidSignature.selector : bytes4(0);
    }
}

contract ERC1271MaliciousMock is IERC1271 {
    function isValidSignature(bytes32, bytes memory) public pure returns (bytes4) {
        assembly {
            mstore(0, 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff)
            return(0, 32)
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC165} from "../../utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";

/**
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-214#specification
 * From the specification:
 * > Any attempts to make state-changing operations inside an execution instance with STATIC set to true will instead
 * throw an exception.
 * > These operations include [...], LOG0, LOG1, LOG2, [...]
 *
 * therefore, because this contract is staticcall'd we need to not emit events (which is how solidity-coverage works)
 * solidity-coverage ignores the /mocks folder, so we duplicate its implementation here to avoid instrumenting it
 */
contract SupportsInterfaceWithLookupMock is IERC165 {
    /*
     * bytes4(keccak256('supportsInterface(bytes4)')) == 0x01ffc9a7
     */
    bytes4 public constant INTERFACE_ID_ERC165 = 0x01ffc9a7;

    /**
     * @dev A mapping of interface id to whether or not it's supported.
     */
    mapping(bytes4 interfaceId => bool) private _supportedInterfaces;

    /**
     * @dev A contract implementing SupportsInterfaceWithLookup
     * implement ERC165 itself.
     */
    constructor() {
        _registerInterface(INTERFACE_ID_ERC165);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Implement supportsInterface(bytes4) using a lookup table.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view override returns (bool) {
        return _supportedInterfaces[interfaceId];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Private method for registering an interface.
     */
    function _registerInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) internal {
        require(interfaceId != 0xffffffff, "ERC165InterfacesSupported: invalid interface id");
        _supportedInterfaces[interfaceId] = true;
    }
}

contract ERC165InterfacesSupported is SupportsInterfaceWithLookupMock {
    constructor(bytes4[] memory interfaceIds) {
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < interfaceIds.length; i++) {
            _registerInterface(interfaceIds[i]);
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

contract ERC165MaliciousData {
    function supportsInterface(bytes4) public pure returns (bool) {
        assembly {
            mstore(0, 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff)
            return(0, 32)
        }
    }
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

contract ERC165MissingData {
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view {} // missing return
}


// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

contract ERC165NotSupported {}


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